When Books Went to War (39 page)

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While many critics:
Rose Gladney, “A Letter from Lillian Smith: ‘Old Seeds Bearing a Heavy Crop,'”
Southern Changes
12, no. 4 (1990).

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“selling literature containing”:
“Book Ban Is Put to Test,”
New York Times
, April 7, 1944.

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“
four scenes of sexual”: Commonwealth v. Isenstadt
, 318 Mass. 543–47 (September 17, 1943).

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Beginning in May 1944:
“‘Strange Fruit' Barred by Mails Then Admitted at Sender's Risk,”
New York Times
, May 16, 1944.

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“
increasing tendency on the part”:
“Resolution Proposed and Passed at Meeting of Executive Committee Meeting, May 24, 1944,” Council Records.

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the council drafted a press release:
“For Immediate Release” (undated), first sentence beginning: “The Council on Books in Wartime, in a resolution sent today to the President, Postmaster-General, Secretaries of War and the Navy, Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the President of the Senate, protested the restriction on book distribution to the armed forces under the Soldiers' Vote Act,” Council Records.

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“
vigorous efforts on behalf”:
Letter to the Council on Books in Wartime from Mari Sandoz, June 27, 1944, Council Records.

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“
It looks as though”:
Leary, “Books, Soldiers and Censorship,” 241.

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In late May 1944:
Letter to “Editor” from Archibald G. Ogden, June 15, 1944, Council Records.

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“
Censorship for political”:
“A Silly Censorship,”
Syracuse (NY) Post-Standard
, June 20, 1944.

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“
since every voter”:
Dorothy Thompson, “Amendment by Taft Deprives Soldiers of Some of Best Books,”
Columbia (SC) State
, July 16, 1944.

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“
almost any book except”:
“Army Censor,”
Lynchburg (VA) Daily Advance
, June 22, 1944.

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“
One would think”:
“Books in Wartime: Unwarranted Censorship Is Practiced,”
San Antonio (TX) News
, June 22, 1944.

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“
Congress in its wisdom”:
“Insulating Servicemen,”
Chicago Sun
, June 23, 1944.

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“
If this is ‘political'”:
“Book Censors See Shadows,”
Rochester (NY) Times Union
, July 18, 1944.

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“
excellent discussion of how”:
“Queer Censorship,”
Monroe (MI) News
, June 23, 1944.

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“
It shows somebody”:
“Armed Services Editions, Excerpts from Letters Received by the Center for the Book from Authors,” Library of Congress.

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These textbooks:
“Army Withdraws 6 History Texts,”
New York Times
, July 5, 1944.

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A few days later:
“The Next Forty Years,”
Time
, July 10, 1944, p. 32.

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“
likely to be saved”:
Norman Cousins, “Censoritis,”
Saturday Review of Literature
, July 1, 1944, p. 12.

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On July 3 and 5:
Letters from Archibald Ogden to Alfred McIntyre, July 10, 1944; Archibald Ogden to Bernard De Veto, July 12, 1944, Council Records.

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“
all of it [was] sympathetic”:
Letter from Archibald Ogden to Senator Robert A. Taft, July 8, 1944, Council Records.

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Trautman soon informed:
Letter from Archibald Ogden to Alfred McIntyre, July 10, 1944, Council Records.

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“
reported that the Army had”:
Draft of Minutes of the Executive Committee Meeting, July 19, 1944, Council Records.

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“
no one can question”:
Letter from Sen. Robert A. Taft to Archibald Ogden, July 14, 1944, Council Records.

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On July 20, Senator Taft:
Ballou and Rakosky,
A History of the Council on Books in Wartime
, 23–24.

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The group met:
“Note to City Desks,” Council Records.

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sponsor amendments to the act:
Ballou and Rakosky,
A History of the Council on Books in Wartime
, 24.

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“
Leave it out when in doubt”:
“Note to City Desks,” Council Records.

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“
the general principle”:
“Statement by Senator Robert A. Taft of Ohio,” Council Records.

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“
were out of touch”:
Letter to Radio Commentators from Alan Green, August 3, 1944, Council Records.

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“
Senator Taft apparently”:
Statement from “Lucas Headquarters” for “Immediate Release,” Council Records.

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Army continued to publicize:
“Books, Soldiers and Censorship,” 243–44.

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“
not to shut off from members”:
“Dissemination of Information to the Armed Forces,” a Report by Mr. Green, August 15, 1944, Council Records.

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With uncharacteristic speed:
C. P. Trussell, “Senate Acts to Kill Army Reading Curb,”
New York Times
, August 16, 1944; “The Day in Washington,”
New York Times
, August 17, 1944.

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By August 24, 1944:
“For Immediate Release,” August 24, 1944, Council Records.

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“
it is a refreshing example”:
Letter from Archibald G. Ogden to Mari Sandoz, August 21, 1944, Council Records.

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relatively slim margin:
“About the Election,”
Yank, the Army Weekly
(British ed.), November 19, 1944, p. 3; “Franklin D. Roosevelt,”
Yank, the Army Weekly
(British ed.), April 27, 1945, p. 10.

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“
No change of address”:
“The Presidency,”
Time
(Pony Ed.), December 11, 1944, p. 5.

 

9. Germany's Surrender and the Godforsaken Islands

 

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“
There were people”:
Joseph Heller,
Catch-22
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 2011), 19–20.

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“
shot to pieces”:
John B. Hench,
Books as Weapons
(Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2010), 29–31.

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Knowing of the emaciated:
Ballou and Rakosky,
A History of the Council on Books in Wartime
, 83–93, Appendix D (listing books published in Overseas Editions).

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“
a crate of ASE's mounted”:
Letter from T. C. to the Council (undated), Council Records.

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“
cheek by jowl”:
Valerie Holman,
Print for Victory
(London: British Library, 2008), 30.

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paper rationing further:
Iain Stevenson,
Book Makers
(London: British Library, 2010), 115–18.

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Although Britain organized:
Holman,
Print for Victory
, 42–43.

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“
stroll into the mess”:
Letter from B. F. D. to the Council, December 20, 1944, Council Records.

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“
Humour was always”:
Letter from W. G. J. to “Sirs,” April 25, 1944, Council Records.

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“
those in the services;
” Louis Golding,
Store of Ladies
(London: Bear, Hudson Ltd., 1946) (Bear Pocket Book), interior front cover.

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lifted until 1949:
Stevenson,
Book Makers
, 117.

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But on April 12, 1945:
Arthur Krock, “End Comes Suddenly at Warm Springs,”
New York Times
, April 13, 1945.

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“
It wasn't like just”:
Gene Currivan, “Generals and GI's Mourn Late Chief,”
New York Times
, April 14, 1945.

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despite the collapse:
Sgt. Mack Morriss, “Berlin Death Battle,”
Yank, the Army Weekly
, June 15, 1945.

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“
flags of freedom fly”:
“The Messages, Here and at Home, Proclaiming the End of the War in Europe: President Truman,”
Yank, The Army Weekly
(British ed.), May 18, 1945.

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articles created a false:
“News from Home,”
Yank, the Army Weekly
(British ed.), September 10, 1944; “News from Home,”
Yank, the Army Weekly
(British ed.), August 27, 1944.

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On May 10, the Army:
Sidney Shalett, “Army to Return 3,100,000 in Year; 400,000 Will Remain in Europe,”
New York Times
, May 10, 1945.

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Only a minority:
Hanson W. Baldwin, “Army Shift to Pacific Next Big War Problem,”
New York Times
, May 6, 1945.

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“
Relief period in the Pacific
”
:
Pfc. Justin Gray, “Pacific Combat,”
Yank, the Army Weekly
(British ed.), June 15, 1945.

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“
Just like that old favorite:
” S/Sgt. Jas. V. Coon, “So-Called Rest,”
Yank, the Army Weekly
(British ed.), December 17, 1944.

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“
Those who are to be”:
Ibid.

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bitterest battle:
“4,000 Marine[s] Dead on Iwo Indicated,”
New York Times
, March 16, 1945.

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American casualties exceeded:
Cyril J. O'Brien, “Iwo Jima Retrospective,” available at
http://www.military.com/NewContent/0,13190,NI_Iwo_Jima2,00.html
.

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“
hand-to-hand fighting”
: Warren Moscow, “Marines and 77th Division Drive Near Naha and Shuri,”
New York Times
, May 12, 1945.

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“
Home alive in '45”:
Fussell,
Wartime
, 257.

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“
set in jungle glades”:
Maj. Frederick Simpich Jr., AUS, “At Ease in the South Seas,”
National Geographic
(January 1944), 79.

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Guadalcanal was unrecognizable:
Sgt. Barrett McGurn, “Guadalcanal Goes Garrison,”
Yank, the Army Weekly
, August 27, 1944.

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Across the Mariana Islands:
Ernie Pyle,
Last Chapter
(New York: Henry Holt, 1946), 18.

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Tokyo Rose, a persona:
Russell Warren Howe,
The Hunt for ‘Tokyo Rose'
(Lanham, Md.: Madison Books, 1990), 28–32, 71.

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“
Well, you boys in Moresby”:
“By Any Other Name,”
Time
(Pony Ed.) April 10, 1944, 31.

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“
In these South Sea isles”:
Maj. Simpich, “At Ease in the South Seas,” 80.

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“
with little to do”:
“Boston's Sons in Service Reading Those Awful Books,”
Boston Traveler
, January 12, 1945.

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“
a soldier with a monthly pay”:
Col. Trautman speech, Feb 1, 1945, Council Records.

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“
many hours of precious”:
Letter from N. J. P. to the Editions for the Armed Services, Inc., May 27, 1945, Council Records.

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At a 1945 meeting:
Minutes of Exec. Committee, January 11, 1945, Council Records.

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“the
most important”:
Minutes of Exec. Committee, January 24, 1945 (emphasis added), Council Records.

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“
never seems to be enough”:
Letter from R. A. L. “To Those Who Can Do It,” attached to letter to Isabel DuBois dated April 19, 1945, Council Records.

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“
You see .
 . 
. my kid brother”:
Letter from V. B. T. to “Sirs,” Council Records.

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In early 1945 Philip:
Minutes of the Exec. Committee, January 11, 1945, Council Records.

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“
If enough funds were”:
Minutes of Exec. Committee, May 2, 1945, June 20, 1945, Council Records.

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“
scraping the bottom”:
Minutes of the Exec. Committee, December 13, 1944, Council Records.

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“
even if the adage”:
Austin Stevens, “Books and Authors,”
New York Times Book Review
, December 13, 1942; Austin Stevens, “Notes on Books and Authors,”
New York Times Book Review
, January 17, 1943.

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Stern offered a compromise:
Minutes of the Exec. Committee, December 13, 1944, Council Records.

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loathed titles:
Letter from Isabel DuBois to Mr. Stern, June 9, 1945, Council Records.

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“
not any of them have”:
Letter from Isabel DuBois to Mr. Stern, June 12, 1945, Council Records.

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“
a huge issue of a triviality”:
Memorandum to P. V. D. S. from L. U., June 11, 1945, Council Records.

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avoid “selected”:
Letter from Philip Van Doren Stern to Isabel Du Bois, June 19, 1945, Council Records.

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“
should be taken as a complaint”:
Letter from Isabel Du Bois to Mr. Stern, June 29, 1945, Council Records.

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“
no longer print any books”:
Letter to Bureau of Navy Personnel from H. Stahley Thompson, February 15, 1946; Letter to Miss Du Bois from H. Stahley Thompson, February 15, 1946, Council Records.

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“
When one is far from home”:
Copy of Letter from Major E. V. P. to Henry Hough, September 14, 1945, Council Records.