American Tempest (44 page)

Boston Port Bill (1774),
181–182
,
183
,
185
,
186
,
190–191

Boston Post-Boy
(newspaper),
136

Boston Public Latin School,
61

Boston Tea Party,
3–4
,
5–7
,
165–168
,
236–237

alleged participants in,
169–172
,
247–251

descriptions of,
170
,
173

engraving of,
167

second Boston Tea Party,
3
,
174–175

Bowdoin, James,
24

Bowdoin, James, Jr.,
62
,
142–143
,
190
,
192
,
193

as governor,
232
,
234–236

Boycotts, of British goods,
85–86
,
88–89
,
102–103
,
105
,
112
,
120–121

colonies participating in,
129

of tea,
121–125

Boyle, John,
160–161

Braddock, Edward,
30–31

Brattle Square Church,
154
,
159

Breed's Hill,
82
,
222
,
233

Britain

constitution of,
69

declaration of independence from,
227–229

economic/social upheaval in,
100–101

French and Indian War and,
27
,
29–34
,
46

increased taxation in,
97–98

losses from smuggling,
37

Seven Years' War and,
29–35

with Spain,
19–20

war debts,
2
,
46

See also
Parliament

British Coffee House,
127

British currency, shortage of,
13
,
17

British troops in America

in Boston,
115–118
,
139–140
,
201–202

French and Indian War and,
30–34

Grenville and,
46–47
,
53

Indian attacks and,
46–47

march to Concord/Lexington,
205–206
,
207

quartering in private homes,
190

withdrawal from Boston,
142
,
224–226

Bunch of Grapes tavern,
95
,
153
,
154

Bunker's Hill,
82
,
204
,
234

Battle of,
222

Burgess, Thomas,
127

Burke, Edmund,
182
,
185
,
187
,
197

Byrd, William,
33

Caldwell, James,
140

Cape Breton Island,
20
,
32

Carr, Patrick,
140
,
148

Castle William,
82
,
115

destruction of,
225–226

painting of,
78

as refuge for Loyalists,
77
,
110
,
163

retreat of Redcoats to,
142

Charles I (king),
73

Chase, Thomas,
73

Chauncy, Charles,
148

Chief justice appointment,
8–9
,
37

Church, Benjamin,
152
,
156
,
210
,
213
,
218
,
234

Churches

Hancock gifts to,
22
,
99–100

involvement in Patriot cause,
133–134

merchant gifts to,
22

Clarke, Elizabeth,
207

Clarke, Richard,
16
,
48

Clarke & Sons,
128
,
158
,
163

Clarke's Wharf,
16
,
57

Clinton, Henry,
214

Cockle, James,
35
,
36

Coercive Acts (1774),
181
,
186–187
,
189
,
190
,
195
,
197

Colden, Cadwallader,
50
,
96
,
149

Colonies, proposals to unite,
30
,
195

Committee of Correspondence (Massachusetts),
155–156
,
161
,
167

Committee of Safety,
194
,
196
,
202
,
207

Committees of correspondence, network of,
157
,
180
,
216–217

Commodity barter,
14–15

Commodity money,
15

Commodity trading,
15

Concord, Battle of,
209–212

Conestoga Indians,
45

Congregational ministers,
133–134

Connecticut,
16
,
33
,
82
,
105
,
112
,
129
,
191–192
,
213
,
219
,
245

Constitution, Britain and,
69

Continental Army,
218
,
219
,
221–222

Continental Association,
195

Continental Congress, First,
190
,
192–193
,
195
,
197

Continental Congress, Second,
196
,
212–221
,
223
,
227–229

North-South frictions at,
215–216
,
219–220

Convention, Adams',
113–115

Copley, John Singleton,
67
,
143
,
144

Corps of Cadets,
153–154
,
162
,
183
,
190

Boston Tea Party and,
165–166
,
170

Craftsmen

as Patriot spies in Boston,
203
,
204–205

merchant houses
vs.,
40

participation in Boston Tea Party,
170

Cromot du Bourg, Marie François Joseph Maxime,
135

Currency

ban on local,
50

paper,
14–15
,
17

shortage in colonies of British,
13
,
17

Currency Act (1764),
50
,
51
,
66

Currier, Nathaniel,
167

Cushing, Thomas, Jr.,
62
,
114
,
142
,
144
,
159
,
193
,
198
,
234

Committee of Correspondence and,
156–157

as Continental Congress delegate,
190
,
212–213

Declaration of Independence and,
228
,
229

as governor,
232

Hutchinson and,
152

petition to repeal Townshend Acts,
105

philanthropy of,
154–155

portrait of,
97

as Speaker of the House,
96
,
149

Cushing, Thomas, Sr.,
16
,
40

Customs House,
125
,
126
,
127
,
139–140
,
149

Customs officials

attacks against,
174
,
175

beating of Otis and,
10

confrontation with Hancock,
106–107

enforcement of American Revenue Act and,
50

in Salem,
35

seizure of
Liberty
and,
109–111

writs of assistance and,
9
,
34

Dalrymple, William,
115
,
126
,
142
,
153

Dartmouth, Lord (William Legge),
192
,
196
,
197
,
198

Dartmouth
(ship),
162
,
164
,
170

Dawes, William,
205

Deane, Silas,
227

Declaration of Independence,
227–229

text and signatories,
241–246

“Declaration of the Causes and Necessities of Taking Up Arms” (Dickinson),
223

“Declarations of Rights and Grievances of the Colonists in America” (Dickinson),
83

Declaratory Act (1766),
93–94

Delaware,
83
,
105
,
112
,
129
,
245

Dickinson, John

Adams and,
152

as Continental Congress delegate,
216
,
221

Declaration of Independence and,
228
,
229

Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania,
84
,
103–105

nonimportation agreement and,
125

Olive Branch Petition/Declaration of the Causes and Necessities of Taking Up Arms,
222–223

portrait of,
84

Stamp Act Congress and,
83–84

Dutch tea,
2
,
129

Duties.
See
Taxes

Dyer, Eliphalet,
219

East India Company,
158

Boston Tea Party and,
7

losses of,
181
,
182

tea,
101
,
121
,
123
,
129
,
134
,
159–160
,
161–162
,
173–174

tea agents,
160–161
,
172

Edes, Benjamin,
72
,
73
,
86
,
95
,
122
,
157
,
247

Excise man,
138

Executive Council (Massachusetts),
17
,
23
,
24
,
48

Exile, Loyalists in,
224
,
237–240

Faneuil Hall,
1
,
114
,
115
,
116
,
140
,
154
,
162
,
163

Farmers

antitax protests,
235–236

relations with merchants,
17

Fauquier, Francis,
72

First Congregational Church (Boston),
148

Fleets, of Boston merchants,
16

Forbes, John,
32

Fort Beausejour,
62

Fort Cumberland,
31

Fort Detroit,
45
,
46

Fort Du Quesne,
27
,
29
,
30–31
,
32

Fort Pitt,
32
,
45
,
46

Fort Ticonderoga,
213
,
223

Fortune
(ship),
174

Fort William Henry,
47

France

American Revolution and,
227

French and Indian War and,
20
,
27
,
29–31

Seven Years' War and,
29–35

Franklin, Benjamin,
61
,
73
,
130
,
181
,
226
,
246

at Continental Congress,
214
,
227
,
231

Hutchinson-Oliver letters and,
159

intercession in Indian conflict,
45–46

Plan of Union,
30
,
38

Stamp Act and,
69

Franklin, William,
226–227

Freeman, Sambo,
195