America's Unwritten Constitution: The Precedents and Principles We Live By (106 page)

marijuana,
124

Marshall, John,
7
,
16
,
21
,
139
,
152
,
199
,
231
,
234
,
319
,
356
,
357
,
408

    
Cohens v. Virginia
and,
256

    
Marbury v. Madison
and,
205
,
208–209
,
211
,
237–238
,
256–257
,
421

    
McCulloch v. Maryland
and,
22–31
,
68
,
86
,
162
,
208
,
255–257
,
284–285
,
421

Marshall, Thomas,
462
n

Marshall, Thurgood,
267
n
,
296
,
417
,
441
,
446

Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee
,
7
,
21

Maryland,
22
,
24
,
31
,
160

Mason, Stevens Thomson,
331

Mason, George,
62
,
475

Massachusetts,
52
,
151

    
Constitution (1780) of,
76
,
467

    
and ratification,
58–61

McClean, John,
66

McCulloch v. Maryland
,
22–31
,
68
,
86
,
90
,
101
,
110
,
162
,
208
,
255–257
,
421

McDaniel v. Paty
,
220

McDonald v. Chicago
,
154
,
216

McGrain v. Daugherty
,
338
,
340

McHenry, James,
9
,
65

McPherson, Edward,
348–349

Michigan,
157
,
458

Military Reconstruction Act,
see
First Reconstruction Act

Minor v. Happersett
,
271
,
287

Miranda v. Arizona
,
153
,
230
,
439

Missouri Compromise,
272

Mitchell, John,
372

Monroe, James,
317

Montesquieu,
8

Monticello, VA,
268

Montpelier, VA,
268

Morrill, Lot,
379

Morris, Gouverneur,
9
,
16
,
43
,
62
,
317
,
392
,
476

Morris, Robert,
253
,
337–339

Morrison v. Olson
,
375–376

Mount Rushmore,
251

Mount Vernon, VA,
268

Muskie, Edmund,
379

Nader, Ralph,
411
n

Napoleon,
317

National Archives,
64
,
67
,
253
n
,
255

National Constitution Center,
255

National Labor Relations Board,
381

national popular vote,
457–459
,
461–463

    
and National Popular Vote (NPV) Initiative,
457

National Prohibition,
282
,
452

National Security Council,
396

National Transportation Safety Board,
409

Nazis,
283
,
483

Near v. Minnesota
,
152
,
163

Nebraska,
371–372
,
464
,
466

necessary-and-proper clause,
23–25
,
27–29
,
348
,
357
,
386

nemo judex in causa sua
principle,
7
,
13
,
14
,
15
,
18
,
21
,
74
,
210

Neutrality Act (1794),
319

Neutrality Proclamation (1793),
318–319
,
339
,
432

New Hampshire

    
Constitution (1784) of,
467

    
and ratification,
59–61

New Jersey,
40
n
,
458

New London, CT,
132

New York,
40
n
,
58
,
122
,
258
,
458

    
Constitution (1777) of,
75
,
467

New York City,
65
,
66

New York Times
,
34
,
156
,
216

New York Times Co. v. United States
,
34
,
155

New York Times v. Sullivan
,
153
,
155–156
,
167
,
170
,
172
,
195
,
198
,
216–218
,
222

New Zealand,
464

Nineteenth Amendment,
185
,
189
,
197
,
271
,
279
,
281–294
,
300
,
305
,
401–402
,
406
,
408
,
434
n
,
441
,
455

Ninth Amendment,
34
,
113
,
136
,
158–159
,
169
,
196
,
203
,
211
,
238–239
,
296
,
303
,
386–387
,
434

    
enumerated and unenumerated rights in,
98–100
,
102–103
,
106–109
,
116
,
124–125
,
154

Nixon, Richard,
34
,
156
,
316
,
372
,
376–377
,
379
,
462

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO),
484

    
North Atlantic Council of,
206

North Carolina,
32–33
,
36–38
,
43
,
57
,
458

    
and Nineteenth Amendment,
402

Northwest Ordinance,
247
,
249–252
,
258–263
,
271–272

Northwest Territory,
262

Notes on the State of Virginia
(Jefferson),
358

Nuclear Regulatory Commission,
409

Nuremberg,
283

oaths, oath taking,
24
,
181
,
237
,
419–422

    
and Congress,
338
,
349

    
and criminal proceedings,
104–105
,
107
,
153
,
176
,
178

    
in impeachment,
3–4
,
18

    
and judges, justices,
143
,
172
,
204–207
,
234–235

    
and presidents,
203
,
253
,
307
,
343
n

    
and religion,
74
,
76–77
,
79

Obama, Barack,
84
,
267–268
,
321
,
379
,
456

    
and oath of office,
343
n

Ohio,
4
,
5
,
16
,
18
,
157
,
458

Ohio River,
260

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC),
484

Otis, James,
59

Paris, France,
317

Parks, Rosa,
267

Patriots (political party),
394

Patterson, David,
4

Paulson, Henry,
321–322

Pennsylvania,
28
,
31
,
43
,
52
,
127
,
249
,
253
,
264
,
359
,
458–459

    
Constitution (1776) of,
76
,
467

    
and ratification,
60–62

Pentagon Papers case,
34

Pepperdine Law School,
377
n

Perkins, Frances,
291

Philadelphia,
253

    
and World’s Fair,
67

Philadelphia Convention,
9–12
,
14
,
17
,
21
,
25
,
28
,
43
,
51
,
62–64
,
72
,
73
,
102
,
125
,
257
,
358
,
394

    
and Committee of Style,
65

    
journal of,
67

Pitt, William,
128–129

Planned Parenthood v. Casey
,
201
,
235–236
,
240–241

Pledge of Allegiance,
251

Plessy v. Ferguson
,
143
,
149
,
197
,
199
,
213–214
,
270
,
272–274

poll tax,
185
,
188
,
190–191
,
405
,
406
n
,
see also
voting

popular-sovereignty theory,
37

Powell v. Alabama
,
152

Preamble,
27
,
55–56
,
63
,
72
,
73
,
75
,
101
,
103
,
143
,
145
,
169
,
203

president,
see also
first lady
,
independent agencies
,
independent counsels
,
Twelfth
and
Twenty-fifth Amendments

    
direct election of,
452
,
457–459
,
461–463

    
immunity from prosecution,
38–39
,
41
,
44
,
45

    
impeachment of,
4
,
11–12
,
14–16
,
42–44
,
372
,
429

    
Office of Legal Counsel of,
339

    
and opinions clause,
320
,
326–327

    
powers of,
38–39
,
44–45
,
312
,
315
,
384–386

    
precedents for,
309–310
,
454

    
privileges of,
43–44

    
succession of,
4
,
17–19
,
349
,
404
,
462
n

Presidential Succession Statute (1947),
403–404

primary elections,
403
,
405–408
,
412
,
416

principal-agent law,
37

Printz v. United States
,
256

privileges-or-immunities clause,
118–121
,
125
,
134
,
162
,
186
,
187

“Publius,”
13
,
28
,
42
,
255–257
;
see also
Federalist
;
Hamilton, Alexander
;
Madison, James

Publius II,
485

Puerto Rico,
259

Randall, Robert,
339

Randolph, Edmund,
320
,
325

Rawls, John,
475

Read, George,
253

Reagan, Ronald,
371
,
391

Reconstruction Amendments,
see
Thirteenth
,
Fourteenth
, and
Fifteenth Amendments

Reconstruction Republicans,
102
,
110
,
158
,
160–162
,
173

Rehnquist, William,
197
,
201