Austerity Britain, 1945–51 (99 page)

33
. Tiratsoo, ‘Blitzed’, p 38; Mark Clapson,
Invincible Green Suburbs, Brave New
Towns
(Manchester, 1998), p 58; The Social Survey,
Furniture
(1945), pp 20–21.

34. F. J. Osborn,
New Towns After the War
(1942), p 13;
Picture Post
, 18 Jan 1941.

35. Mass-Observation,
People’s Homes
, pp xxiii, 226; Bullock, ‘Plans’, pp 78, 80; Pleydell-Bouverie, p 19.

36
. Dennis Chapman,
A Social Survey of Middlesbrough
(1945–6), pt II, pp 1, 3, 12; pt II, pp 9–10; pt III, pp 14, 24–32; pt IV, pp 1–5, 16.

37
. Mason and Thompson, ‘Reflections’, pp 56–7; Lowe, ‘Consensus’, pp 177–8; Nicholas Joicey, ‘A Paperback Guide to Progress’,
Twentieth Century British
History
4/1 (1993), pp 41–4; Harold Nicolson,
Diaries and Letters,
1939
–
1945 (1967), p 465;
New Society
, 25 Apr 1963; Ross McKibbin,
Classes and Cultures
(Oxford, 1998), pp 527–8;
Picture Post
, 18 Jan 1941; Adrian Smith, ‘The Fall and Fall of the Third
Daily Herald
, 1930–64’, in Peter Catterall et al (eds),
Northcliffe’s Legacy
(2000), pp 179–80.

38
. Lesley A. Hall,
Sex, Gender and Social Change in Britain since
1880 (Basingstoke, 2000), pp 139–40; Eliot Slater and Moya Woodside,
Patterns of Marriage
(1951), pp 82–3, 249–54.

3 Oh Wonderful People of Britain!

1.
The Diaries of Sir Robert Bruce Lockhart, Volume Two
(1980), pp 439–40; Lang-ford, 22 May 1945; Haines, 16/19/26 May 1945; St John, 1 Jun 1945; Loftus, 7 Jun 1945.

2.
Edmund Wilson,
The Forties
(New York, 1983), p 107; Eric Parker,
Surrey
(1947), pp 105–9;
Author
(Winter 1996), p 137; The Rev. W. Awdry,
The Three Railway
Engines
(1967), p 40;
Guardian
, 7 Jun 1995;
Letters for a Life: The Selected Letters
and Diaries of Benjamin Britten,
1913
–
1976
, Volume Two
(1991), p 1252.

3.
St John, 14 Jun 1945; Keith Waterhouse,
City Lights
(1994), p 170; Humphrey Carpenter,
Dennis Potter
(1998), pp 27–32.

4.
Michael Foot,
Aneurin Bevan, Volume I
(Granada edn, 1975), pp 503–4; Edward Pearce,
Denis Healey
(2002), p 54; Austin Mitchell,
Election ’
45 (1995), p 20.

5.
Martin Gilbert,
‘Never Despair’: Winston S. Churchill,
1945
–
1965 (1988), pp 32, 49; Haines, 4/5 Jun 1945; Robert Rhodes James,
Bob Boothby
(1991), p 330; Ursula Bloom,
Trilogy
(1954), pp 167–8; Thelma Cazalet-Keir,
From the Wings
(1967), p 124;
Times Literary Supplement
, 9 Jul 2004 (Angus Calder);
News of the World
, 1 Jul 1945; Paul Addison, ‘Churchill and the Price of Victory’, in Nick Tiratsoo (ed),
From Blitz to Blair
(1997), p 74.

6.
Julian Amery,
Approach March
(1973), p 438; Hugh Thomas,
John Strachey
(1973), p 223;
Spectator
, 15 Mar 2003 (Antonia Fraser); John Campbell,
Margaret Thatcher,
Volume One
(2000), p 53;
Among You Taking Notes . . . The Wartime Diary of
Naomi Mitchison
(1985), p 327; Anne Perkins,
Red Queen
(2003), p 78; Simon Hoggart and David Leigh,
Michael Foot
(1981), pp 90–91; Chaplin, 7/3/1, 8 Jul 1945;
Tottenham and Edmonton Weekly Herald
, 22/29 Jun 1945.

7.
Luton News
, 21/28 Jun 1945, 5 Jul 1945.

8.
Lord Elwyn-Jones,
In My Time
(1983), p 84; Mitchell,
Election
’45, p 44; Nina Bawden,
In My Own Time
(1994), p 77.

9.
M-O A, FR 2270A; Mass-Observation, ‘Post-Mortem on Voting at the Election’,
Quarterly
Review
(Jan 1946), p 59;
The Complete Works of George Orwell, Volume
17 (1998), p 192; Wilson,
The Forties
, pp 109–10; Tony Mason and Peter Thompson, ‘“Reflections on a Revolution”?’, in Nick Tiratsoo (ed),
The Attlee Years
(1991), p 64. .

10.
Manchester Guardian
, 4 Jul 1945; Langford, 5 Jul 1945;
The Correspondence of
H. G. Wells:, Volume
4 (1998), p 523;
Independent
, 30 Jun 2003; Mitchell,
Election ’
45, p 78; Loftus, 5 Jul 1945; St John, 5 Jul 1945; Ferguson, 5 Jul 1945;
News of the
World
, 8 Jul 1945; Pathe Newsreel, circa 10 Jul 1945.

11
.
News of the World
, 8 Jul 1945;
Nella Last’s War
(Bristol, 1981), p 293; James Hinton, ‘Militant Housewives’,
History Workshop
(Autumn 1994), p 132; Haines, 14 Jul 1945;
Selected Letters of André Gide and Dorothy Bussy
(Oxford, 1983), p 243;
Tottenham and Edmonton Weekly Herald
, 20 Jul 1945.

12
. Brown, 2/4, 12 Jul 1945; Osborn, p 88; M-O A, FR 2270B.

13
. David Kynaston,
The City of London, Volume III
(1999), pp 508–9; M-O A, FR 2270A.

14
.
Lockhart
, p 473; Kenneth O. Morgan, ‘Wales since 1945’, in Trevor Herbert and Gareth Elwyn Jones (eds),
Post-War Wales
(Cardiff, 1995), p 10; Mitchison,
Among
You
, pp 334–5; Selina Hastings,
Evelyn Waugh
(1994), p 495; Walter Allen,
As I
Walked Down New Grub Street
(1981), pp 103–4.

15
. Tony Benn,
Years of Hope
(1994), p 91; Francis Beckett,
Clem Attlee
(1997), p 198; William Harrington and Peter Young,
The
1945
Revolution
(1978), p 192.

16
. A.J.P. Taylor,
Beaverbrook
(1972), p 568; Anthony Howard, ‘“We Are The Masters Now”’, in Michael Sissons and Philip French (eds),
Age of Austerity
(Oxford, 1986), p 3; James Agate,
Ego
8 (1946), p 184.

17
. Loftus, 26 Jul 1945; King, 26 Jul 1945; Heap, 27 Jul 1945;
Nella Last’s War
, p 298; Haines, 26 Jul 1945; Harrington and Young, 1945, p 189; Michael Ignatieff,
Isaiah
Berlin
(1998), p 134; Peter J. Conradi,
Iris Murdoch
(2001), p 211; Dylan Thomas,
The Collected Letters
(2000), p 624;
The Nightfisherman: Selected Letters of W. S.
Graham
(Manchester, 1999), p 51.

18
. Pamela Street,
Arthur Bryant
(1979), p 132; John Gale,
Clean Young Englishman
(1988), p 84;
The Noël Coward Diaries
(1982), p 36.

19
. Gilbert,
‘Never Despair
’, pp 113, 115; Mark Garnett,
Alport
(1999), p 66;
Horizon
(Sept 1945), p 149;
The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell,
Volume III
(1968), pp 446–7.

20
. Retrospective explanations include: Henry Pelling, ‘The 1945 General Election Reconsidered’,
Historical Journal
, 23/2 (1980), pp 399–414; Gary McCulloch, ‘Labour, the Left, and the British General Election of 1945’,
Journal of British
Studies
(Oct 1985), pp 465–89; Geoffrey K. Fry, ‘A Reconsideration of the British General Election of 1935 and the Electoral Revolution of 1945’,
History
(Feb 1991), pp 43–55; Steven Fielding, ‘What Did “The People” Want?’,
Historical Journal
, 35/(1992), pp 623–39; Stephen Brooke, ‘The Labour Party and the 1945 General Election’,
Contemporary Record
(Summer 1995), pp 1–21; Michael David Kandiah, ‘The Conservative Party and the 1945 General Election’,
Contemporary Record
(Summer 1995), pp 22–47.

21
. Kandiah, ‘Conservative Party’, p 106.

22.
Orwell, Volume III
, pp 447–8;
The Times
, 15 Dec 1990; Uttin, 29 Jul 1945.

23
. John K. Walton,
Blackpool
(Edinburgh, 1998), p 139; Heap, 29 Jul 1945;
Radio
Times
, 27 Jul 1945; Harold Nicolson,
The Later Years,
1945
–
1962
: Diaries and
Letters, Volume III
(1968), p 30; Christopher Mayhew,
Time to Explain
(1987), p 88; Gaitskell, p 7.

24
. Brown, 1/15, 2 Aug 1945; Lord Taylor of Mansfield,
Uphill All The Way
(1972), p 138;
Lockhart
, p 477; Richard Rose, ‘Class and Party Divisions’,
Sociology
(May 1968), p 131.

25
.
News Chronicle
, 7 Aug 1945;
Radio Times
, 3 Aug 1945; Norris McWhirter,
Ross
(1976), pp 59–60; Heap, 6 Aug 1945.

26
. BBC WA, Home Service, 6 Aug 1945; Bloom,
Trilogy
, p 159; Elizabeth Longford,
The Pebbled Shore
(1986), p 226; Joan Wyndham,
Love is Blue
(1986), p 189; Canon L. John Collins,
Faith under Fire
(1966), pp 98–9.

27
. Martin Stannard,
Evelyn Waugh: No Abiding City,
1939
–
1966 (1992), p 151;
Joyce
& Ginnie: The Letters of Joyce Grenfell and Virginia Graham
(1997), p 134;
Noël
Coward Diaries
, p 37; Frances Spalding,
Vanessa Bell
(1983), p 328;
Letters of J.R.R.
Tolkien
(1981), p 116; Ferguson, 8 Aug 1945; Langford, 7 Aug 1945.

28
. St John, 7/9 Aug 1945;
Nella Last’s War
, pp 302–4.

29
. Langford, 14 Aug 1945;
Nella Last’s War
, p 305–6; Loftus, 14/15 Aug 1945;
Merthyr
Express
, 18 Aug 1945.

30
. Headlam, p 475; Haines, 15–16 Aug 1945; Uttin, 15 Aug 1945; Langford, 15 Aug 1945; Heap, 15 Aug 1945.

31
. Osborn, pp 92, 95;
Grantham Journal
, 17 Aug 1945.

4 We’re So Short of Everything

1.
Tribune
, 14/28 Dec 1945. On the tour itself, see: Ronald Kowalski and Dilwyn Porter, ‘Political Football’,
International Journal of the History of Sport
(Aug 1997), pp 100–21.

2.
Accrington Observer
, 8/12 Jan 1946; Rogan Taylor and Andrew Ward,
Kicking and
Screaming
(1995), p 60; Andrew Ward,
Armed with a Football
(Oxford, 1994), pp 2–9; Heap, 4 Oct 1945; Ford, 21 Sept 1945; Joanna Bourke,
Working-Class Cultures
in Britain
1890
–
1960 (1994), p 186; Ted Kavanagh,
Tommy Handley
(1949), pp 199–200; King, 29 Apr 1946; Kevin Brownlow,
David Lean
(1996), p 203. On
ITMA
, see also Denis Gifford,
The Golden Age of Radio
(1985), p 134; John Gross,
A Double Thread
(2001), p 79.

3.
William Glock,
Notes in Advance
(Oxford, 1991), p 40;
Independent
, 4 Aug 1995 (Bryan Robertson); Golden, 12 Mar 1946; Bryan Appleyard,
The Pleasures of
Peace
(1989), p 56;
Tatler
, 7 Nov 1945;
Chips: The Diaries of Sir Henry Channon
(1967), p 414.

4.
Barry Turner and Tony Rennell,
When Daddy Came Home
(1995), pp 61, 95, 100.

5.
Elizabeth Wilson,
Only Halfway to Paradise
(1980), p 22; Jane Lewis,
Women in
Britain since
1945 (Oxford, 1992), p 17; Cynthia L. White,
Women’s Magazines,
1693
–
1968 (1970), pp 135–6;
Guardian
, 8 Nov 1999; Janice Winship, ‘Nation Before Family’, in
Formations of Nation and People
(1984), p 196; Haines, 3 Mar 1946; Heap, 21 Mar 1946; James Lansdale Hodson,
The Way Things Are
(1947), p 278.

6.
The Times
, 18 Dec 2003;
Independent
, 16 Feb 1989;
The Times
, 23 Oct 2000;
Independent
, 26 Oct 2000.