Black Diamonds (68 page)

CHAPTER THREE

p. 14 ‘
a spurious child
…’: Thomas Bayliss, King’s Bench Division, Royal Courts of Justice, 10 March 1902. Case name: ‘Re a Solicitor – Ex parte The Incorporated Law Society’.

‘The Home Secretary was required to attend …’: a custom established after the ‘warming pan’ incident of 1688, when Mary of Modena, second wife of James II, was accused of smuggling a changeling into the bedchamber as heir to the throne.

p. 15 ‘
Lord Milton, their elder brother
…’: Sheffield Archives, Unlisted Material, Wentworth Woodhouse Muniments, Box 236.

‘Billy’s birth certificate …’: ibid.

p. 16 ‘
Certain members of the family
…’: Thomas Bayliss, King’s Bench Division, Royal Courts of Justice, 10 March 1902, Case name ‘Re a Solicitor – Ex parte The Incorporated Law Society’.

‘“Gentlemen”, wrote …’: Dr Millar to Messrs Walters and Co., 9 New Square, Lincoln’s Inn, 7 March 1901, Sheffield Archives, Unlisted Material, WWM, Box 236.

p. 17 ‘
Hannah Boyce’s statement
…’: ibid.

p. 18 ‘
1872 July 26 – the first cry
…’: ibid.

‘Among Billy’s documents …’: letter from Hannah Boyce to Mr Barker, 30 January 1901, ibid.

p. 19 ‘
Dear Lady Countess Fitzwilliam
…’: Hannah Boyce to Maud, Countess Fitzwilliam, 26 February 1913, ibid.

‘Lady Fitzwilliam has received the enclosed …’: Billy to Mr Barker, 9 March 1913, ibid.

‘On 10 March 1902 …’:
Yorkshire Post
, 11 March 1902, ‘Earl Fitzwilliam’s identity – strange allegations by a solicitor’.

p. 20 ‘
There had been a serious falling-out
…’: ibid.

‘In lieu of the questions submitted …’ Sheffield Archives, Unlisted Material, WWM, Box 236.

p. 21 ‘
You cannot be surprised
…’:
Daily Telegraph
, 11 March 1902.

p. 22 ‘
As vouched for
…’: Fitzwilliam v Fitzwilliam, Royal Courts of Justice, February 1951.

CHAPTER FOUR

p. 23 ‘
One of the hard lessons
…’: letter from Harriet, Countess Fitzwilliam, to her daughter Lady Frances Doyne, 17 January 1877. Private Collection.

p. 24 ‘
My grandfather never spoke about his father
…’: author’s interview with Lady Barbara Ricardo, February 2004.

‘I couldn’t believe there was so little …’: Michael Shaw Bond,
Way Out West: On the Trail of an Errant Ancestor
, McClelland & Stewart, 2001, p. 12.

‘I imagined …’: ibid.

‘Searching through …’: ibid., p. 14.

p. 25 ‘
Fits are treated as madness
…’: G. Battiscombe,
Shaftesbury
, Constable, 1974, p. 259.

‘When Christ healed …’: G. E. Berrios and Roy Porter,
A History of Clinical Psychiatry
, Athlone, 1995, p. 165.

‘In the first century …’: ibid., p. 166.

p. 26 ‘
Dr Beau, who conducted a study of sixty-seven epileptics
…’: Owsei Temkin,
The Falling Sickness
, The Johns Hopkins Press, 1971, p. 262.

‘Even as late as the 1880s …’: Berrios and Porter,
A History of Clinical Psychiatry
, p. 170.

p. 27 ‘
William may have to
…’: cited in Bond,
Way Out West
, p. 14.

‘Please do let me know …’: ibid., p. 13.

‘I see no prospect …’: ibid., p. 22.

‘This Asylum for the Insane …’: cited in W. Parry Jones,
The Trade in Lunacy
, Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1972, p. 106.

p. 28 ‘
Modelled on grand country houses
…’: Andrew Scull,
The Most Solitary of Afflictions: Madness and Society in Britain 1700–1900
, Yale University Press, 1993, pp. 300–301.

‘It is painful …’: J. Conolly on the 9th Report of Commissioner for Lunacy, 1854, cited in Parry Jones,
The Trade in Lunacy
, p. 180.

‘At Ticehurst …’: Charlotte MacKenzie,
Psychiatry for the Rich
, Routledge, 1992, p. 105.

‘In 1857, lifting the veil of secrecy …’: Crichton Royal Asylum, 18th Annual Report, 1857, quoted in Scull,
The Most Solitary of Afflictions
, p. 298.

p. 29 ‘
They are encountered
…’: ibid.

‘I am sorry to say …’: cited in Bond,
Way Out West
, p. 14.

‘William, I am happy …’: ibid.

‘I hope the ups …’: ibid., p. 21.

p. 30 ‘
Dear Father and Mother
…’: Milton to Lord and Lady Fitzwilliam, April 1872. Private Collection.

‘It is almost impossible …’:
The World
, 5 March 1902.

‘silent of hosts …’: unpublished memoir, cited with the kind permission of David Peake.

‘A good many of them were frightened of him …’: Lady Mabel Smith, Royal Courts of Justice, Fitzwilliam v Fitzwilliam, February 1951.

p. 31 ‘
Maurice fell
…’: cited in McKenzie,
Psychiatry for the Rich
, p. 101.

p. 32 ‘
3 roasted oxen
…’: quoted in Bond,
Way Out West
, p. 28.

p. 33 ‘
I have been thinking
…’: Henry Wentworth-Fitzwilliam to his sister Frances Doyne, July 1860. Private Collection.

p. 34 ‘
There appears some reason
…’: Harriet, Countess Fitzwilliam, to George Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, April 1861, Northampton Archives.

‘My son’s conduct …’ Earl Fitzwilliam to Lord Chichester, April 1861, cited in Bond,
Way Out West
, p. 24.

‘He wishes you to read …’: Countess Fitzwilliam to George Fitzwilliam, April 1861, Northampton Archives.

CHAPTER FIVE

p. 36 ‘
With respect to the charge
…’:
The Standard
, 10 May 1862.

‘The diamond earrings …’: ibid., 3 May 1862.

‘He offered the broker …’: ibid.

p. 37 ‘
His lawyers
…’: ibid.

‘Sailed at 5 …’:
Cheadle’s Journal of the Trip Across Canada 1862– 1863
, Graphic Publishers, Ottawa, 1931, p. 15.

‘I am sorry I did not look up …’: Milton to Henry Went worth-Fitzwilliam, 20 June 1862. Private Collection.

p. 38 ‘
Weather blowing stormy
…’:
Cheadle’s Journal of the Trip Across Canada 1862–1863
, p. 16.

‘Turned out towards 11 …’: ibid.

‘About 1 o’clock …’: ibid. P.19.

p. 39 ‘
Very cold and raw
…’: ibid., p. 20.

‘When starving …’: Robert Ballantyne,
Hudson Bay Company
, Boston, Phillips, Sampson, 1859.

p. 40 ‘
Their journey
…’: Viscount Milton and W. B. Cheadle,
The North-West Passage by Land
, London, Cassel, Petter and Galpin, 1865.

‘He was leaning …’: ibid., p. 9.

p. 41 ‘
So long as
…’: quoted in Bond,
Way Out West
, p. 224.

CHAPTER SIX

p. 42 ‘
Poor squinny
…’:
The Diary of Lady Frederick-Cavendish
, ed. J. Bailey, London, 1927, vol. 2.

‘The Fitzwilliams and the Devonshires …’: David Cannadine,
The Decline and Fall of the British Aristocracy
, Yale University Press, 1990, p. 10.

‘In the course of …’:
The Diary of Lady Frederick-Cavendish
, vol. 2, p. 19.

‘I am worried …’: ibid.

p. 43 ‘
It is no light thing
…’: Mary Butler to Lady Frances Doyne, 1 June 1867. Private Collection.

p. 44 ‘
When I knew
…’: Mary Butler to Lady Frances Doyne, 13 June 1867. Private Collection.

‘It was very kind of you …’: ibid.

‘Will you thank …’: ibid.

‘You may be certain …’: Mary Butler to Lady Frances Doyne, 8 July 1867. Private Collection.

p. 45 ‘
Dearest Fanny
…’: Harriet, Countess Fitzwilliam, to Lady Frances Doyne, 5 July 1867. Private Collection.

‘I never knew her …’: conversation with Elfrida, Countess of Wharncliffe, recorded by Roy Young in 1977.

p. 46 ‘
Admitting defeat
…’: Harriet, Countess Fitzwilliam, to Lady Frances Doyne, 9 August 1867. Private Collection.

‘The late Lady Milton …’: statement sworn before the Commissioner of Oaths, 1900, Sheffield Archives, Unlisted Material, Wentworth Woodhouse Muniments, Box 236.

p. 47 ‘
On Tuesday
…’: Harriet, Countess Fitzwilliam, to Lady Frances Doyne, 28 December 1871. Private Collection.

p. 48 ‘
The voyage
…’: Lord Milton to Lord and Lady Fitzwilliam, April 1872. Private Collection.

‘25th May …’: Matilda Kingdon, unpublished diary. Private Collection.

p. 49 ‘
the half-breeds came
…’: ibid.

p. 50 ‘
Re-reading Dr Millar’s statement
…’: Sheffield Archives, Unlisted Material, WWM, Box 236.

‘My intercourse …’: ibid.

CHAPTER SEVEN

p. 53 ‘
“Yes,” it read
…’: undated. Henry Wentworth-Fitzwilliam papers. Private Collection.

p. 55 ‘
In 1900, they were short of proof
…’: November 1900, ‘Lord Milton Supplemental Instructions to Mr Butcher, Walters & Co.’ Sheffield Archives, Unlisted Material, Wentworth Woodhouse Muniments, Box 236.

‘From a young age …’: Henry Wentworth-Fitzwilliam to Lady Frances Doyne, July 1860. Private Collection.

‘Only those …’: Laura, Viscountess Milton, to Harriet, Countess Fitzwilliam, n.d. Private Collection.

p. 56 ‘
In a sanctimonious letter
…’: Harriet, Countess Fitzwilliam, to Henry Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 22 February 1874. Private Collection.

‘I fear that dear William …’: Henry Wentworth-Fitzwilliam to Lady Frances Doyne, 14 January 1877. Private Collection.

‘There was little …’: cited in
Way Out West: The Story of an Errant Ancestor
, McClelland & Stewart, Toronto, 2001, p. 235.

p. 57 ‘
As Michael Bond
…’: ibid.