Civilization: The West and the Rest (79 page)

colonial armies/troops
164
,
181–9

communications, difficulty of
170–71
,
181–2

as conquest
99–102

European diseases spread by
99
,
101

growth/decline of
3
,
4
,
5
,
13
,
38
,
142
,
144–5

impact of
8
,
45
,
46
,
144–6
,
173–4
,
190–95

institutional structures and
103–5

Lenin on
144

as a term of abuse
144
,
145

Mark Twain on
144

Western
14
,
15
,
96–140
,
142–95

Western medicine, benefits of to overseas colonies
146–8
,
168–75
,
191

see also individual empires

Inca empire, Spanish conquest of
98
,
99–102

income levels
see
living standards
;
wages

India
5
,
9
,
17
,
36

as British colony
144
,
264

China and
29
,
32

as independent state
224–5

Portugal and
34
,
35
,
39

science/technology
11

textile industry 2245

Indian Medical Service
169–70

Indian Ocean
29
,
32
,
33

Indo-China, as a French colony
167
,
191

Indonesia
240

Industrial Revolution
13
,
21
,
28–9
,
70
,
198–205

in Britain
10
,
13
,
21
,
28–9
,
70
,
199–200
,
203–5

consumerism, increase caused by
201–2

definition
198–9

spread of
204–5
,
225
,
264

industrialization
10
,
14
,
216–18

in China
225
,
284
,
285

inequality
see
living standards

infant mortality
see
life expectancy

Inoue Kaoru
226

institutional structures
11–14

cultural
77

financial/economic
see
financial systems

imperialism and
103–5
,
112
,
172–3
,
287

of Islamic fundamentalism
288
,
289
,
290
n

Islamic
289
,
290
,
290
n

Iran
94–5
,
255

Ireland
11
,
227
,
203
n

England and
24
,
105

iron/steel industry
200–201

Islam
3
,
8
,
9
,
16
,
60

calligraphy, importance of
68

Europe, envoys sent to
86–7

health issues: hospitals
51
; medical schools
53

the Koran
63

population figures
290

printing, attitude to
68
,
86

religious conflict
71

in Turkey
253–5

the West and
39
,
50–57
,
63
,
85–90
,
255

women’s clothing
253–5
,
254
n

see also
Ottoman empire
;
religious issues

Islamic education
51

Islamic fundamentalism
93–5
,
93
n,
255
,
258
,
288–91

institutional structure
288
,
289
,
290
n

Islamic migration
290
,
290
n

Islamic science/technology
51–7
,
264

astronomy
68–9

attitudes to
67–9

Roger Bacon on
52

modernization of
88–9
,
92
,
94–5

optics
51–2

Israel
92–5
,
246–7

Jerusalem
93
,
93
n,
94

science/technology in
93–4

see also
Jews

Italian city-states/Italy
4
,
25
,
28
,
159
,
182

France and
159

Under Mussolini
228

Naples
26
,
159

as a printing centre
63

Rome
17
; March on (1922)
228–9

in Second World War
233–4

Venice
38–9

see also
Roman empire

Italian colonies
144

Italian unification
212–13
,
214–15
,
228

Iwakura Tomomi
221

Jamaica
120
,
123

as a British colony
148

Jansen, Zacharias
65

Japan
5
,
9
,
42

China and
226
,
233
,
234

fashion/clothing
220–21
,
222
,
223
,
225

living standards
45–6

modernization of
90
,
218
,
221–5
,
226
,
239
,
257
; internal opposition to
222

Russia and
226

textile industry
223–4

US and
221
; in Second World War
233–5

Western influence on
5
,
7
,
15
,
221–5

women in
222

Japanese armed forces
226
,
234

Java
170

jeans, as a symbol of consumerism
240–49
,
250

Jefferson, Thomas
134

Jerusalem
93
,
93
n,
94

Jews
3
,
76

as entrepreneurs
216–17
,
217
n,
262
n

as intellectuals
235
,
235
n

in Palestine
92–3

persecution of
38–9
; in Germany
92
,
214
,
234
,
235

Max Weber on
262

see also
Israel

Jiang Zemin
287

Jiao Yu and Liu Ji:
Huolongjing
28

Jirous, Ivan
248

John Paul II, Pope
252

Johnson, Blind Willie
18

Johnson, Samuel
2
,
10

Kahn, Albert
196
,
196
n

Kamen, Dean
145
n

Kant, Immanuel
76
,
79
,
80–81

Critique of Pure Reason
76

Kara Mustafa Köprülü (‘the black’), Grand Vizier
52
,
54–5
,
56
,
71
,
86

Karaca, Nihal Bengisu
254

Kaufman, Henry
xvi

Kemal, Mustafa
see
Atatürk, Kemal

Kennedy, Paul:
The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers
298

Keynes, John Maynard
7
,
230
,
231
,
237

Khan, Dr A. Q.
95

Khomeini, Ayatollah
255

Khrushchev, Nikita
243
,
250

King, Jonathan
273
n

Kipling, Rudyard, on First World War
187–8

Kirsch, Wilhelm
90

Kissinger, Henry
16

Kitchener, Sir Horatio
173

Koch, Erich
193

Koch, Robert
169
,
175

the Koran
63

see also
Islam

Korea
11

Korea, South
239
,
240
,
306–7

Korean War (1950–53)
235–6
,
239

Kraus, Karl
273

Kuhlman, August
179–80

labour market
203
,
232
,
265