Crimes Against Nature (30 page)

60
. Ibid.

61
. Ibid.

62
. Friends of the Earth, “J. Steven Griles by the Numbers,”
Economics of the Earth,
June 2, 2003, viewed at http://www.foe.org/camps/eco/interior/grilesbynumbers.pdf.

63
. DOI Office of Inspector General, J. Steven Griles Report of Investigation PI-SI-02-0053-I (March 16, 2004
), viewed at http://www.foe.org/griles.
pdf.

64
. Christopher Lee, “IG Probes Interior’s Record on Ethics Rules,”
Washington Post,
May 13, 2003, p. A17.

65
. Pete Yost, “Environmentals Seek Special Counsel to Investigate No. 2 Official at Interior,”
Associated Press,
June 4, 2003, viewed at http://www.enn.com/news/2003-06-04/s_4752.asp.

66
. Ibid.

67
. DOI Office of Inspector General, J. Steven Griles Report, p. 138.

68
. Ibid.

69
. Ibid.

70
. Ibid.

71
. Rick Weiss, “Report Critical of Interior Official: Inspector General Calls Deputy Secretary’s Dealings Troubling but Not Illegal,”
Washington Post,
March 17, 2004 p. A23.

72
. Ibid.

73
. “Deputy Interior Secretary Griles’ Statement on the Inspector General’s Investigation,” U.S. Department of Interior press release, March 16, 2004.

74
. Rick Weiss, “Report Critical of Interior Official.”

75
. “J. Steven Griles Meetings with White House Officials,” Friends of the Earth, viewed at http://www.ems.org/interior/griles_meetings.html.

76
. DOI Office of Inspector General, J. Steven Griles Report, p. 104.

77
. Ken Ward, “Corps’ Stance on Valley Fills at Issue,”
Charleston Gazette,
December 8, 1998, viewed at http://www.wvgazette.com/static/series/mining/CORP1208.html; David Case, “Just Make It Legal: From ‘Waste’ to ‘Fill,’ ” TomPaine.com, April 15, 2002, viewed at http://www.tompaine.com/feature2.cfm/ID/5460. (Original publisher.)

78
. Joe Lovett, interview by David Ludlum, April 1, 2004.

79
.
Bragg v. Robertson,
72 F. Supp. 2d 642 (S.D. W.Va. 1999).

80
. See Ken Ward, “Interior Official Maintains Coal Ties: Former Lobbyist Steven Griles Signed Recusal Agreement,”
Charleston Gazette,
September 29, 2002.

81
.
Bragg v. Robertson,
72 F.Supp. 2d 642 (S.D. W.Va. 1999) and subsequent cases.

82
. Joe Lovett interview; Marty Coyne, “Interior Undermines Key Study on Mountaintop Removal, Enviros Allege,”
Greenwire,
August 9, 2003.

83
. Letter from J. Steven Griles, Subject: Mountaintop Mining/Valley Fill Issues, October 5, 2001, viewed at http://earthjustice.org/policy/pdf/Griles_10_5_2001_Memo.pdf.

84
. “Paybacks: Polluters, Patrons and Personnel,” Earthjustice and Public Campaign, September 2002, viewed at http://www.publiccampaign.org/publications/studies/paybacks/Paybacks.pdf.

85
. Ibid.

86
. Ken Ward, “Dozen in GOP Urge Bush to Leave Water Rule Alone,”
Charleston Gazette,
March 31, 2002; “Protect Streams from Mining Waste,” Friends of the Earth, March 23, 2004, viewed at http://ga1.org/alert-description.tcl?alert_id=646956.

1
. Carl Hulse, “Advocates of Arctic Drilling Buoyed as House Passes Bill,”
New York Times,
April 12, 2003, p. A8; Mike Ewall, “The Energy Bill: The Environment’s Worst Nightmare,” Energy Justice Network, January 2004, viewed at http://www.energyjustice.net/energybill/jan2004update.html. The bill passed the House in a 247-175 vote.

2
. Carl Hulse, “Energy Bill Gives Way to Old One in the Senate,”
New York Times,
August 1, 2003, p. A18.

3
. “Energy Bill Watch List: Spotlight on House-Senate Energy Conference in Wake of Electricity Blackout, Scandals in Energy Industry,” Public Citizen, viewed at http://www.citizen.org/cmep/energy_enviro_nuclear/electricity/energybill/articles.cfm?ID=10395.

4
. Carl Hulse, “Accord Reached by Republicans for Energy Bill,”
New York Times,
November 15, 2003, p. A1.

5
. Carl Hulse, “Energy Bill Could Upend Lawsuits over Gasoline Additive,”
New York Times,
November 16, 2003, p. 24.

6
. William Niekirk, “Senate Blocks Sweeping Energy Bill,”
Seattle Times,
November 22, 2003, viewed at http://seattletimes.nesource.com/html/nationworld/2001798472_enery220.html.

7
. “Senate Gives Up on Energy Bill for 2003,” CBN.com, November 25, 2003, viewed at http://www.cbn.com/CBNNews?Wire/031125c.asp.

8
. Karen Wayland, Natural Resources Defense Council, interview by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., January 2004.

9
. “Senate Adds Rule to Double Ethanol in Gasoline,”
New York Times,
June 6, 2003, p. A20. The ethanol rule was meant to double the use of ethanol in gasoline, providing a boon to corn farmers.

10
. Ewall, “The Energy Bill.” Daschle “sold out to the ethanol lobby and now supports the bill.” See also “Senate Adds Rule to Double Ethanol in Gasoline.” The ethanol proposal was introduced by Frist and Daschle.

11
. Ewall, “The Energy Bill.”

12
. Carl Hulse, “Senate Starts Energy Debate Under Threat of Filibuster,”
New York Times,
Nov. 20, 2003, p. A28.

13
. Senator Evan Bayh (D-Ind.), interview by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., December 2003.

14
. “The Price of Governance,”
Wall Street Journal,
November 24, 2004, p. A14.

15
. Karen Wayland, Natural Resources Defense Council, interview by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., January 2004.

16
. Senator Evan Bayh (D-Ind), interview by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., December 2003.

17
. Greg Wetstone, Natural Resources Defense Council, interview by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., January 2004.

18
. Ewall, “The Energy Bill.”

19
. Senator John Sununu (R-N.H.), interview by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., February 2004.

20
. The House passed the bill with a vote of 246-180. Ewall, “The Energy Bill.”

21
. “Archer-Daschle-Midland,”
Wall Street Journal,
November 21, 2003, p. A12

22
. Greg Wetstone, Natural Resources Defense Council, interview by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., January 2004.

23
. Ibid. The final vote was 57 to 40, not 58, because Frist changed his vote procedurally in order to preserve his right to bring the legislation up for another vote. See also Carl Hulse, “Senate Blocks Energy Bill; Backers Vow to Try Again,”
New York Times,
November 22, 2003, p. A1.

24
. Greg Wetstone, Natural Resources Defense Council, interview by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., January 2004.

25
. “MTBE in Drinking Water,” Environmental Working Group, viewed at http://www.ewg.org/issues/MTBE/20031001/report.php.

26
. “I Don’t Want My MTBE: GOP Protects Fuel Additive Manufacturers Despite Drinking Water Contamination,” Public Citizen, viewed at http://www.citizen.org/cmep/energy_enviro_nuclear/electricity/energybill/2003/articles.cfm?ID=10546.

27
. “MTBE Fate and Transport,” New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, viewed at http://www.state.nj.us/dep/dsr/mtbe/fate_and_transport.htm.

28
. “MTBE: What the Oil Companies Knew and When they Knew It,” Environmental Working Group, viewed at http://www.ewg.org/reports/withknoweldge/index.php.

29
. “Minutes of the MTBE-Environment Meeting,” The Hague, October 24-25, 1991.

30
. “MTBE: What the Oil Companies Knew.”

31
. “Occurrence of the Gasoline Additive MTBE in Shallow Ground Water in Urban and Agricultural Areas,” U.S. Geological Survey, viewed at http://sd.water.usgs.gov/nawqa/pubs/factsheet/fs114.95/fact.html.

32
. “MTBE cleanup in the U.S. will cost at least $29 billion,” viewed at http://eces.org/archive/ec/pollution/mtbe.shtml; Matthew Hagemann et al., “Cleanup Cost for MTBE Contamination of Drinking Water Supplies,” report forthcoming.

33
. “I Don’t Want My MTBE: GOP Protects Fuel Additive Manufacturers Despite Drinking Water Contamination.”

1
. President George W. Bush, “Remarks by the President on the One-Year Anniversary of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security,” March 2, 2004, available at http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2004/03/20040302-2.html.

2
. EPA Risk Management Plan (Facility ID: 100000025215) available
by request at http://www.rtknet.org
/rmp/NJ.php.

3
. Richard Pienciak, “Toxic Time Bombs at Chemical Plants: Terror Strike Could Endanger Millions,”
New York Daily News,
July 14, 2002.

4
. See Margaret Kriz, “In Sight: Chemical Targets,”
The Record,
August 10, 2003, p. 1.

5
. Rick Hind, Legislative Director of the Greenpeace Toxics Campaign, interview by David Ludlum, May 13, 2004.

6
. Rand Beers, former Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Combating Terrorism for the National Security Council, interview by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., February 2004.

7
. Margaret Kriz, “Bush Not Doing Enough to Protect Chemical Plants, Critics Contend,”
National Journal,
August 7, 2003, viewed at http://www.govexec.com/dailyfed/0803/080703nj3.htm.

8
. “Al Qa’ida Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Threat and Basic Countermeasures,” Bulletin from the Department of Homeland Security’s National Infrastructure Protection Center, no. 03-003, February 12, 2003, available at http://www.nipc.gov/warnings/infobulletins/2003/ib03003.htm.

9
.
Congressional Record,
volume 149, pp. S 289-S 305 (January 14, 2003), viewed at http://www.fas.org/sgp/congress/2003/s157.html.

10
. Senator John Corzine (D-N.J.), interview by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., April 2004.

11
. “Chemical Reaction Despite Terrorism Threat, Chemical Industry Succeeds in Blocking Federal Security Regulations,” Common Cause, January 27, 2003, viewed at http://www.commoncause.org/publications/jan03/012703_chemical_reaction.pdf.

12
. Ibid.

13
. Paul Rosenzweig, “The Chemical Security Act: Using Terrorism as an Excuse to Criminalize Productive Economic Activity,” Executive Memorandum # 833, Heritage Foundation, September 12, 2002, viewed at http://www.heritage.org/Research/HomelandDefense/em833.cfm.

14
. See http://www.nationalreview.
com/comment/comment-logomasini
091702.asp.

15
. Amy Ridenour, “When It Comes to Safeguarding Chemical Facilities, the EPA is No Defense Department,”
National Policy Analysis,
October 2002, viewed at http://www.nationalcenter.org/NPA436.html.

16
. “Despite Terrorism Threat, Chemical Industry Succeeds in Blocking Federal Security Regulations,” Common Cause, January 27, 2003, viewed at http://www.commoncause.org/publications/jan03/012703_2.htm.

17
. Ledyard King and Beth Gorczyca, “Chemical Plants Tighten Security — Senate Might Require Industries to Assess Possible Terrorist Threats,”
Herald-Dispatch,
September 26, 2002.

18
. September 10, 2002, letter from Senators Inhofe (Okla.), Arlen Specter (Pa.), Bob Smith (N.H.), Kit Bond (Mo.), George Voinovich (Ohio), Mike Crapo (Idaho), Pete Domenici (N.M.); George Allen letter to Tom Daschle and Trent Lott, August 23, 2002.

19
. “Chemical Reaction Despite Terrorism Threat.”

20
. Margaret Kriz, “In Sight: Chemical Targets.”

21
. Margaret Kriz, “Bush Not Doing Enough to Protect Chemical Plants, Critics Contend.”

22
. Ibid.

23
. Senator John Corzine (D-N.J.), interview by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., April 2004.

24
. “Homeland Security: Voluntary Initiatives Are Under Way at Chemical Facilities, But the Extent of Security Preparedness Is Unknown,” General Accounting Office Policy Papers, March 2003, viewed at http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d03439.pdf.

25
. Meghan Purvis and Julia Bauler, “Irresponsible Care: The Failure of the Chemical Industry to Protect the Public from Chemical Accidents,” U.S. Public Interest Research Group Education Fund, April 2004, p. 5, viewed at http://uspirg.org/reports/IrresponsibleCare2004.pdf.

26
. “Homeland Security: Voluntary Initiatives Are Under Way.”

27
. Carl Prine, “Lax Security Exposes Lethal Chemical Supplies,”
Pittsburgh Tribune Review,
April 7, 2002.

28
. “Chemical Plant Security Breaches in the News,” Working Group on Community Right-to-Know, viewed at http://www.crtk.org/detail.cfm?docID=26&cat=spills%20and%20emergencies.

29
. U.S. Senate Report 107-342, November 15, 2002, viewed at http://
www.congress.gov/cgi-bin/cpquery/
R?cp107:FLD010:@1(sr342); Tom Ridge, “Testimony before the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works Concerning Nuclear Power Plant Security,” July 10, 2002, available at http://www.nrc.gov/what-we-do/safeguards/response-911.html.

30
.
NOW With Bill Moyers,
aired on PBS, March 21, 2003.

31
. Ron Gatto, director of Environmental Security for Westchester County, interview by Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., August 2003.

32
. See Tarannum Kamlani, “Life in a Reactor’s Shadow,” MSNBC, June 5, 2002, viewed at http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/3072034/; see also “Review of Emergency Preparedness of Areas Adjacent to Indian Point and Millstone,” James Lee Witt Associates, LLC, January 10, 2003 [Witt Report], viewed at http://www.wittassociates.com/NYReport.zip.

33
. Public Citizen, Petition Pursuant to 10 Cfr §2.206, Indian Point Unit 2, Docket No. 50-247, available at http://www.citizen.org/cmep/energy_enviro_nuclear/nuclear_power_plants/decomissioning/articles.cfm?ID=5861.