Eagles of the Third Reich: Men of the Luftwaffe in WWII (Stackpole Military History Series) (71 page)

44
. Musciano, pp. 126–28.

45
. Four of Rall’s victories were against Americans. After the war he became a lieutenant general in the West German Air Force and was deeply involved in develop ing weapons systems for the Lockheed F-104 jet for NATO. Three of Nowotny’s kills, five of Batz’, nine of Graf’s, and twenty of Hafner’s were against the Western Allies. All of Barkhorn’s and Kittel’s victories took place in the East. Bekker, pp. 561–63; Musciano, pp. 52–53 and 131–33.

46
. Musciano, pp. 52–53.

47
. Plocher MS 1943.

48
. Ibid.

49
. Ibid.

50
. Ibid.

51
. Ibid.

52
. Ibid. In addition to his air units, Dessloch controlled the I Flak Corps (Lt. Gen. Richard Reimann) and Luftwaffe Administrative Area Command Kiev (Gen. of Flyers Bernard Waber).

53
. Musciano, p. 53; Plocher MS 1943.

54
. Irving 1977, p. 533.

55
. Plocher MS 1943.

56
. Musciano, p. 54.

57
. Plocher MS 1943.

58
. Ibid.

59
. Ibid.

60
. Ibid.

61
. Seaton,
Moscow
,
pp. 399–400.

62
. Musciano, pp. 54–55.

63
. Suchenwirth MS “Command.”

64
. Cooper, p. 96.

65
. Deichmann Personnel Extract, Air University Archives.

66
. Suchenwirth MS “Turning Points.”

67
. Deichmann Personnel Extract.

68
. Cooper, p. 261.

69
. Suchenwirth MS “Turning Points.”

70
. Hereafter referred to as the United States Air Force. Although it did not become an independent branch of the service until 1947, I will refer to it as the United States Air Force for the sake of convenience.

71
. Ziemke, p. 118; Musciano, p. 57; Frankland, p. 59.

72
. Beck, p. 46.

73
. Frankland, p. 119; Mosley, pp. 362–63.

74
. Mosley, pp. 363–64.

75
. Frankland, pp. 59–60.

76
. Irving,
Milch
,
pp. 207–8 and 273; Frankland, p. 61.

77
. Irving,
Milch
,
p. 215.

78
. Ibid, pp. 215–16.

79
. Beck, pp. 61–62.

80
. Musciano, p. 58.

81
. Galland, p. 144; Musciano, p. 59.

82
. Beck, pp. 68–70.

83
. Albert Speer,
Inside the Third Reich
(New York: MacMillan, 1970), p. 283 (hereafter cited as “Speer”); Frankland, p. 69; Irving,
Milch
,
pp. 227–29.

84
. Galland, p. 174.

85
. Musciano, p. 134.

86
. Scutts, pp. 16–17; Musciano, pp. 58–59.

87
. Scutts, p. 22; Galland, pp. 148–49. The aircraft Kammhuber wanted manufactured, the He-219 “Owl,” had been fully tested and had several advantages over the Me-110, including a longer range and a smaller crew. Although fast and extremely maneuverable, only about 220 of them were manufactured during the war. Ironically, this was the only aircraft to experience any success against the Mosquito (Wood and Gunston, pp. 190–92).

88
. Frankland, p. 71.

89
. Helmut Heiber,
Goebbels
(New York: E. P. Dutton, 1972; reprint ed., New York: Da Capo Press, 1972), pp. 296–99 (hereafter cited as “Heiber”).

90
. Musciano, pp. 58–59.

91
. Frankland, pp. 72–74.

92
. Galland, p. 174.

93
. Mosley, pp. 368–69.

94
. Suchenwirth MS “Command.”

95
. Ibid.

96
. Ibid.

97
. Frischauer, p. 196.

98
. Suchenwirth MS “Command.”

99
. Ibid.

100
. Brett-Smith, p. 140.

101
. Suchenwirth MS “Command.”

102
. Ibid.

103
. Ibid.

CHAPTER 13: DEFEAT ON ALL FRONTS

  
1
. Korten Personnel Extract.

  
2
. Irving,
Milch
,
p. 213.

  
3
. Ibid, p. 231.

  
4
. Glenn B. Infield,
Big Week
(New York: Pinnacle Books, 1974), pp. 45–48 (hereafter cited as “Infield”); Irving,
Milch
,
p. 233; Beck, pp. 72 and 85.

  
5
. Heiber, p. 296; Irving,
Milch
,
pp. 234–35.

  
6
. Infield, p. 46.

  
7
. Musciano, pp. 79–81.

  
8
. Irving,
Milch
,
p. 244; Infield, p. 46.

  
9
. Gordon A. Harrison,
Cross-Channel Attack
,
Office of the Chief of Military History, United States Army in World War II, The European Theater of Operations (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1951), pp. 210– 11 (hereafter cited as “Harrison”); Infield, pp. 45–48; Irving,
Milch
,
p. 246; Beck, pp. 84–85; Musciano, p. 60. The Eighth U.S.A.F. also raided Bremen, Danzig, Marienburg, and Muenster in October, 1943. They lost another 148 aircraft and nearly 1,500 aircrewmen in these raids.

10
. Irving,
Milch
,
p. 247.

11
. Galland, p. 166.

12
. Frankland, p. 71.

13
. Irving,
Milch
,
p. 261.

14
. Ibid, p. 267.

15
. Ibid, pp. 267–68.

16
. Infield, pp. 82 and 96.

17
. Ibid, pp. 199–203.

18
. Ibid, pp. 202–3.

19
. Galland, p. 144; Musciano, pp. 61–62.

20
. Musciano, pp. 61–62.

21
. Mosley, p. 369.

22
. Frankland, p. 81; Irving,
Milch
,
p. 272.

23
. Galland, p. 191.

24
. Bekker, pp. 537–38 and 561–63; Musciano, p. 63.

25
. Friedrich Ruge, “The Invasion of Normandy,” in
The Decisive Battles of World War II: The German View
,
H. A. Jacobsen and J. Rohwer, eds. (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1965), pp. 323–29; Samuel W. Mitcham, Jr.,
Rommel’s Last Battle
(Briarcliff Manor, New York: Stein and Day, 1983), p. 40.

26
. Mosley, p. 343.

27
. Irving,
Milch
,
pp. 201–3.

28
. Ibid, p. 166.

29
. Ibid, p. 160.

30
. Ibid.

31
. Ibid, p. 230.

32
. Brett-Smith, p. 115.

33
. Speer, pp. 192–93.

34
. Irving,
Milch
,
pp. 254–55.

35
. Ibid, p. 266.

36
. Ibid, pp. 271–74.

37
. Ibid, p. 257.

38
. Ibid, p. 265.

39
. Ibid, pp. 281-82; Suchenwirth MS “Command.”

40
. Galland, p. 282.

41
. Ibid, p. 287.

42
. Irving,
Milch
,
p. 285; Suchenwirth MS “Command.”

43
. Suchenwirth MS “Command”; Irving,
Milch
,
p. 286.

44
. Irving,
Milch
,
p. 291.

45
. Hans Speidel,
Invasion 1944
(Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, 1950; reprint ed., New York: Paperback Library, 1968), p. 46 (hereafter cited as “Speidel Invasion”).

46
. Harry R. Fletcher, personal communication, December 19, 1984.

47
. Lionel F. Ellis,
Victory in the West
,
Volume I,
The Battle of Normandy
(London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1962), p. 567 (hereafter cited as “Ellis I”).

48
. Speidel,
Invasion
,
pp. 46–47; Harrison, pp. 225 and 228–30; J. F. C. Fuller,
The Second World War, 1939–45
(New York: Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 1949). p. 294.