Hugo! (74 page)

66
ten years from now
Harnecker,
Understanding the Venezuelan
Revolution
, page 30

66
don't fit with theirs
Blanco Muñoz,
Habla El Comandante
, page 57.

66
in the army all my life
Ibid., page 57.

67
and was horrified
Alberto Garrido,
Testimonios de la Revolución
Bolivariana
, (Caracas: privately printed, 2002), page 52.

68
different social system
Ibid., pages 55-56.

69
a socialist system," he stated
Ibid., page 56.

69
were entombed
Ibid., page 59.

69
overshadowed only by Democratic Action
Daniel Hellinger,
Venezuela: Tarnished Democracy
, page 72.

70
according to Bravo
Garrido,
Testimonios
, page 13.

70
inevitable in Venezuela
Author's interview, Douglas Bravo,
January 20, 2006.

71
scant public support
Hellinger,
Venezuela: Tarnished Democracy
,
pages 110-111.

71
considered Bolívar anathema
Author's interview, Douglas Bravo.

72
political and revolutionary education

72
political and revolutionary education
www.marxist.com
interview
with Alan Woods, April 20, 2005; Rosa Miriam Elizalde and Luis
Báez,
Chávez Nuestro
, pages 37-38.

72
we joined another party

72
we joined another party
www.marxist.com
interview
with Alan Woods.

72
dogmatic and sectarian
Ibid.

72
clean-cut cadet
Elizalde and Báez,
Chávez Nuestro
, pages 38-39.

73
in a 2004 interview
Ibid., page 336.

73
Nights of Hungary . . .
Ibid.

73
an area of insurgents
Ibid.

73
confessed his frustrations to Adán
Eleazar Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, pages 41-42.

74
religious order in Venezuela
Author's interview, Nelson Sánchez,
January 25, 2006.

74
talking about him
Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, page 42.

74
That was the power
Ibid.

74
according to Adán
Author's interview, Adán Chávez, April 25, 2007.

75
not exactly a game
Garrido,
Testimonios
, page 36.

75
allowed her onto the base
Author's interview, Elizabeth Sánchez,
January 28, 2006; author's interview, Nelson Sánchez.

76
a long-term project
Author's interview, Douglas Bravo.

77
navigated through those waters
Author's interview, Jesús Urdaneta
Hernández, December 22, 2005.

77
meet with Bravo at all
Aleida Guevara,
Chávez, Un Hombre Que
Anda Por Ahí
, page 76.

77
throws you in the garbage
Agustín Blanco Muñoz,
Habla Jesús
Urdaneta Hernández, El Comandante Irreductible
, page 147.

78
industrial expansion projects
Hellinger,
Venezuela: Tarnished
Democracy
, pages 122-126.

78
$34 a barrel
Ibid.

78
Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina
Ibid., page 127.

79
a liar, a demagogue . . .
Elizalde and Báez,
Chávez Nuestro
,
page 352.

79
Chávez recalled
Ibid., page 353.

80
the fighter Ezequiel Zamora
ángela Zago,
La Rebelión de los Angeles
(Caracas: Fuentes Editores, 1992), page 58.

81
how we started to organize
Blanco Muñoz,
Habla Jesús Urdaneta
Hernández
, page 320.

81
they must be taken
Agustín Blanco Muñoz,
Habla El Comandante
,
page 295.

81
Zamora in an earlier life
Author's interview, Jesús Urdaneta
Hernández; author's interview, Nedo Paniz, April 11, 2006.

82
"rings" of security
Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, pages 52-53.

82
we wanted to say
Ibid.

83
a luckier stroke
Eleazar Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, page 43.

83
defense is preponderant
Cristina Marcano and Alberto Barrera
Tyszka,
Hugo Chávez Sin Uniforme
, page 92.

83
the cadets
Author's interview, Hugo Chávez, April 29, 2007.

83
in the army
Ibid.

83
been fatal
Ibid.

84
homage to Zamora
Agustín Blanco Muñoz,
Habla El
Comandante
, page 126.

85
fool higher-ups
Author's interview, Hugo Chávez.

85
Chávez once noted
Blanco Muñoz,
Habla El
Comandante
, page 126.

85
almost all four years
Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, pages 43-44.

85
would not die
Author's interview, Pedro Carreño, April 21, 2006;
Marcano and Barrera Tyszka,
Hugo Chávez Sin Uniforme
, page 92.

86
get far from mine
Rosa Miriam Elizalde and Luis Báez,
Chávez
Nuestro
, page 304.

86
the capital and Ciudad Bolívar
Author's interviews, Herma
Marksman, January 7, January 18, March 3, March 20, 2006; Alberto
Garrido,
Testimonios de la Revolucion Bolivariana
, page 157.

87
to implement reforms
Agustín Blanco Muñoz,
Habla Herma
Marksman, Chávez Me Utilizó
(Caracas: Fundación Cátedra Pío
Tamayo, 2004), page 63.

87
get to know each other
Ibid.

87
to talk with Hugo
Blanco Muñoz,
Habla Herma Marksman
, page 64.

88
little by little
Ibid., page 65.

88
away from the house
Garrido,
Testimonios
, page 159.

88
prepare the meetings
Author's interview, Herma Marksman,
January 7, 2006.

88
fall in love
Agustín Blanco Muñoz,
Habla Jesús Urdaneta
Hernández, El Comandante Irreductible
, page 246.

89
in his free time
Author's interview, Herma Marksman,
January 7, 2006.

89
betray him and the movement
Blanco Muñoz,
Habla Herma
Marksman
, pages 129-130.

90
he lacked so much
Author's interview, Herma Marksman,
January 7, 2006.

90
later broke bitterly with him
Ibid.

90
where he was going
Ibid.

91
according to Medina
Author's interview, Pablo Medina,
January 11, 2006.

91
between the two men
Author's interview, Herma Marksman,
March 20, 2006.

92
held around the country
Agustín Blanco Muñoz,
Habla El
Comandante
, page 126.

92
for the weekend
Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, page 56.

92
salsa music
Author's interview, Herma Marksman, March 20, 2006.

92
fell into enemy hands
Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, pages 55-56.

92
even a coup
Elizalde and Báez,
Chávez Nuestro
, page 41; Blanco
Muñoz,
Habla Herma Marksman
, page 67.

93
social justice for the poor
Author's interviews, Francisco Arias
Cárdenas, December 17-18, 2005.

93
prolonged standoff
Author's interview, Herma Marksman,
March 20, 2006; Garrido,
Testimonios
, page 127.

94
provoke a mass rebellion
Author's interview, Francisco Arias
Cárdenas, December 18, 2005; author's interview, Herma Marksman,
March 20, 2006.

95
of the economy
Garrido,
Testimonios
, pages 125-126.

95
time comes for a revolt
Ibid.

95
our possibilities of growing inside
Ibid., pages 127-128.

95
distance himself from Bravo
Author's interview, Herma Marksman,
March 20, 2006.

95
his clandestine activities
Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, page 61.

96
I felt this presence
Marta Harnecker,
Understanding the Venezuelan
Revolution
, page 30.

96
at least to Marksman
Author's interview, Herma Marksman,
March 20, 2006.

97
word would leak out
Blanco Muñoz,
Habla El Comandante
,
page 128.

97
Piaroa, Cumanagotos
Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, pages 56-57.

98
Hugo Chávez with conspiracy
Author's interview, Carlos Julio
Peñaloza Zambrano, April 29, 2006.

99
Arauca River thundered nearby
Richard Gott,
In the Shadow of the
Liberator
, page 42.

100
the top superior
Author's interview, Carlos Julio Peñaloza Zambrano.

100
burned them alive
Rosa Miriam Elizalde and Luis Báez,
Chávez
Nuestro
, page 356.

100
this wasn't my job," he recalled
Ibid., pages 357-360.

101
he told Chávez
Ibid.

101
almost hit my head
Ibid.

101
shoot arrows, too
Ibid.

102
for several days
Ibid.

102
for twenty years
Ibid.

102
understand their world
Ibid.

102
mutual adoration," Chávez said
Ibid.

102
living at their side
Ibid., page 356.

103
a few days later
Ibid., pages 355-356.

103
I finished finding myself
Ibid.

104
hoisted the banner
Author's interview, Herma Marksman,
January 12, 2007; Alberto Garrido,
Testimonios de la Revolucion
Bolivariana
, page 166.

104
full-page spread including photographs
Author's interview, Herma
Marksman, January 12, 2007; Garrido,
Testimonios
, pages 165-166.

104
close to success
Eleazar Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, page 45;
Garrido,
Testimonios
, page 167.

104
killing him if he resisted
Agustín Blanco Muñoz,
Habla Herma
Marksman, Chávez Me Utilizó
, pages 77-78.

105
Chávez and his colleagues
Ibid.

105
Cristina and the message
Ibid.

105
incriminating documents they possessed
Ibid.; author's interview,
Herma Marksman, March 20, 2006.

106
didn't find anything
Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, page 47.

106
he was convalescing
Ibid.

107
a shack in the llanos
Ibid.

108
You want a cup of coffee?
Ibid., pages 48-49.

108
I'm a Bolivariano
Ibid.

108
a high proportion of it short-term
Daniel Hellinger,
Venezuela:
Tarnished Democracy
, page 128.

109
$4.4 billion in 1987
Ibid., page 129.

109
"Nothing has happened here"
Ibid., page 144.

110
an economic time bomb to dismantle
Ibid.

110
burned them
Díaz Rangel,
Todo Chávez
, pages 57-58.

110
I thought it was going to end
Ibid., page 61.

111
CAP's appeal is CAP himself
Merrill Collett, "The Next Liberator?
The Pérez Approach to Latin Debt Worries US Bankers,"
The Atlantic
Monthly
, February 1989.

112
Let's Get to Work!
Ibid.

113
hundreds of Venezuelan soldiers
George de Lama, "Quayle, Castro
Could Make This Some Party,"
Chicago Tribune
, February 1, 1989.

113 The New York Times
reported
Mark A. Uhlig, "Venezuela Unrest:
Lesson for Leader,"
The New York Times
, March 6, 1989.

113
down with champagne
Bart Jones, "Report from Venezuela:
Country's Version of Ferdinand Marcos,"
Newsday
, October 17, 1994
.

113
Hirohito or something
de Lama, "Quayle, Castro,"
Chicago Tribune
,
February 1, 1989.

114
what was known as the Washington Consensus
Fernando Coronil,
The Magical State: Nature, Money, and Modernity in Venezuela
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997), page 375.

115
in Miami, Mr. President
Daniel Hellinger,
Venezuela: Tarnished
Democracy
, page 130.

116
monthly salary
Harold Olmos, "Violence Hits Venezuela Over
Transport Price Increases," Associated Press, February 27, 1989.

116
two cars were ablaze
Margarita López Maya, "The Venezuelan
Caracazo of 1989: Popular Protest and Institutional Weakness,"
Journal of Latin American Studies
, February 1, 2003.

116
what was happening
Hardy,
Cowboy in Caracas,
page 32.

117
nerve centers
López Maya, "The Venezuelan Caracazo of 1989."

118
sang the national anthem
Ibid.

118
NO MORE DECEPTION
Ibid.

118
"collective madness"
Harold Olmos, "Long Lines Form at Food
Stores, Government Tells People to Get Used to It," Associated Press,
March 1, 1989.

118
some stores
López Maya, "The Venezuelan Caracazo of 1989";
Hardy,
Cowboy in Caracas,
page 27.

118
the death penalty
Hardy,
Cowboy in Caracas,
page 27.

119
the scales, too
Anthony Caplan, "Dozens Dead in Caracas Riots,"