Languages In the World (41 page)
Read Languages In the World Online
Authors: Julie Tetel Andresen,Phillip M. Carter
Cái
and
con
are the most common classifiers in Vietnamese, but there are at least a couple dozen more that occur fairly regularly. From the descriptions of the classifiers, try and sort the following items into their proper groups.
| ảnh âpicture' | Äá»ng há» âwatch' | táo âapple' |
| bản Äá» âmap' | gà âchicken' | tạp chá» âmagazine' |
| bi âmarble' | ghé âchair' | tim âheart' |
| ba lô âbackpack' | hình âphotograph' | thÆ° âletter' |
| cá âfish' | nho âgrapes' | tá»i âevening' |
| chiá»u âafternoon' | phá»ng vấn âinterview' | tranh âpainting' |
| chuá»i âbanana' | quần âtrousers' | vá» ânotebook' |
| Äảo âisland' | sách âbook' | xoà i âmango' |
| Äá âstone, ice' | sáng âmorning' |
Â
| bức (flat, thin, square) | ________________________ |
| buá»i (something occupying a relatively short period of time, up to few hours) | ________________________ |
| cái (thing) | ________________________ |
| con (animal) | ________________________ |
| hòn (something round and hard) | ________________________ |
| quả/trái (fruit, also for something round and soft that can be held; qua is used in the North and trai in the South) | ________________________ |
| quyá»n (bound paper) | ________________________ |
What kind of linguistic legacy did the French and the Chinese leave on the Vietnamese language? In general, what kinds of linguistic effects does colonialism instantiate in a language?
How does the discussion of residual and spread zones change or enhance your understanding of language?
Considering the section on spreading empires, what information was new to you? What is the most valuable thing you learned from reading this section?
How does the north/south, east/west, and center/periphery way of parsing the Italic branch of Indo-European square with the tree model of historical linguistics? What does this grouping imply about empires and movement of people?
Aside from the influence on writing discussed in Chapter 5, what type of influence has religion had on the global language scene? What do you make of this influence in the world today?
What other varieties of Global English are you familiar with? Do you think of these varieties as more or less intelligible with your home variety? What do you make of the idea that English could come to constitute its own language family at some point in the future? What evidence from this book supports this possibility?
How do pidgins differ from creoles? Have you heard these terms used in nontechnical ways in popular discourse? What do they usually point to?
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