Legacy of Secrecy (166 page)

across national borders one of the most significant and controversial KGB officers ever to defect. This

was [after] the assassination of President John F. Kennedy and the defector was highly wanted by the

Warren Commission because of the vital information he possessed.” See mccordfamilyassn.com; Warren

Hinckle and William Turner,
The Fish Is Red: The Story of the Secret War Against Castro
(New York: Harper

& Row, 1981), p. 153; McCord declined to speak about Harry Williams when called by one of the authors;

McCord had no connection to the harsh treatment Nosenko received in America.
38.
CIA memo 8-9-73

by Director of Security Bruce L. Solie, cited by A. J. Weberman.
39.
Richard Helms with William Hood,
A Look Over My Shoulder: A Life in the Central Intelligence Agency
(New York: Random House, 2003), pp.

238-44; Ted Shackley,
Spymaster: My Life in the CIA
(Washington, DC: Potomac Books, 2006), pp. 92, 93.

40.
Ibid.
41.
Ibid.

CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO

1.
Examples include the phony information from John Martino and Frank Fiorini; the DFS and Phil-

lips from Mexico City; and allegations in Warren Commission Exhibit #1444 that were traced back to

Rolando Masferrer and associates of Manuel Artime.
2.
Anthony and Robbyn Summers, “The Ghosts of

November,”
Vanity Fair
, 12-94.
3.
See many examples in Anthony Summers,
Official and Confidential: The
Secret Life of J. Edgar Hoover
(New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1993) and William W. Turner,
Rearview Mirror
(Granite Bay, CA: Penmarin Books, 2001).
4.
David Wise, “Secret Evidence on the Kennedy Assassination,”

Saturday Evening Post,
4-6-68; HSCA Chronology 180-10142-10036.
5.
FBI 124-10369-10005, declassified 3-3-99; Gus Russo,
Live by the Sword: The Secret War against Castro and the Death of JFK
(Baltimore: Bancroft Press, 1998), pp. 349, 569.
6.
FBI 124-10369-10005, declassified 3-3-99.
7.
Ibid.
8.
Ibid; Gus Russo,
Live by
the Sword: The Secret War against Castro and the Death of JFK
(Baltimore: Bancroft Press, 1998), pp. 569.

9.
I suggest: FBI memos dated 12-4, 12-5, and 12-16-63, declassified 5-17-94.
10
. Ibid.
11
. Ibid.
12
. CIA 104-10109-10188.
13
. HSCA Chronology 180-10142-10036.
14
. Interview with Dave Powers 6-5-91 at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library; William Novak,
Man of the House: The Life and Political Memoirs of

Speaker Tip O’Neil
(New York: Random House, 1987), p. 178.
15
. Warren Commission vol. VII, pp. 440-56, 472-74.
16
. Photocopy of original, signed affidavit of David Powers, signed and witnessed by Arlen

Specter, provided by National Archives 2-5-99; “Probe of agency raises new questions in Slaying of JFK,”

Chicago Tribune
. 6-75.
17
. Josiah Thompson, “Bugliosi picks only the evidence that backs his argument,”

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
, June 30, 2007.
18
. Seth Kantor,
The Ruby Cover-Up
(New York: Zebra Books, 1992), pp. 303-10.
19
. Interviews with confidential Kennedy aide source, 3-17-92.
20
. David Talbot,
Brothers: The
Hidden History of the Kennedy Years
(New York: Free Press, 2007), pp. 276-78.
21
. HSCA Chronology 180-10142-10036.
22
. Tom Hays, “Mob girlfriend testifies at FBI trial,” Associated Press, 10-29-07.
23
. Church Committee vol. V, p. 72; FBI Airtel to Hoover from SAC Miami, 7-30-64.
24
. Claudia Furiati,
ZR/Rifle:
The Plot to Kill Kennedy and Castro
(Melbourne, Australia: Ocean Press, 1994), p. 150.
25
. CIA 104-10308-10084.
26
. Ibid.
27
. CIA 104-10308-10205; CIA 104-10308-10283.
28
. Don Bohning,
The Castro Obsession:
U.S. Cover Operations Against Cuba, 1959–1965
, (Washington: Potomac Books, 2005), many passages.

29
. HSCA 180-10142-10036; Seth Kantor,
The Ruby Cover-Up
(New York: Zebra Books, 1992), p. 309.

30
. HSCA 180-10142-10036.
31
. HSCA 180-10142-10036.
32
. Howard Kohn, “Execution for the Witnesses,”

Rolling Stone
, 6-2-77; Ibid; Dick Russell, “Loran Hall and the Politics of Assassination,”
Village Voice
, 10-3-77.
33
. HSCA Chronology 180-10142-10036; Mary Ferrell Foundation website at maryferrell.org.
34
. Ibid HSCA Chronology.
35
. Anthony Summers,
Not In Your Lifetime
(New York: Marlowe & Co., 1998), p. 31; the others were Sherman Cooper, Russell, and McCloy; John H. Davis,
Mafia Kingfish
(New York: Signet, 1989), p. 344.
36
. Anthony and Robbyn Summers, “The Ghosts of November,”
Vanity Fair
, 12-94; Bernard Fensterwald, Jr., and Michael Ewing,
Coincidence or Conspiracy
(New York: Zebra Books, 1977), p. 134.
37
.

Joseph A. Califano, Jr.,
The Triumph & Tragedy of Lyndon Johnson: The White House Years
(New York: Simon

& Schuster, 1991), p. 293; FBI memo, DeLoach to Tolson, 4-4-76.
38
. Anthony Summers,
Conspiracy
(New York: Paragon House, 1989), p. 493.

Notes

807

CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE

1.
See many passages in Thomas Powers,
The Man Who Kept the Secrets: Richard Helms & the CIA
(New York: Knopf, 1979), and E. Howard Hunt with Greg Aunapu,
American Spy
(Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley

& Sons, 2007).
2.
CIA 104-10404-10376.
3.
Church Committee vol. I, part 10, pp. 192-99; Carl Bernstein,

“The CIA and the Media,”
Rolling Stone
, 10-20-77; E. Howard Hunt with Greg Aunapu,
American Spy

(Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2007), p. 150.
4.
Ibid Bernstein.
5.
Church Committee vol. I, part 10, pp. 192-99; Ibid; E. Howard Hunt with Greg Aunapu,
American Spy
(Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons,

2007), pp. 150-53.
6.
Ibid Church, p. 198; Ibid Hunt with Aunapu, p. 149.
7.
Ibid Church, pp. 192-99; Ibid Hunt with Aunapu, p. 150, citing “The CIA and the Media,”
Rolling Stone
, 10-20-77.
8.
Carl Bernstein,

“The CIA and the Media,”
Rolling Stone
, 10-20-77.
9.
Church Committee vol. I, part 10, p. 195.
10.
Carl Bernstein, “The CIA and the Media,”
Rolling Stone
, 10-20-77.
11.
E. Howard Hunt with Greg Aunapu,
American Spy
(Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2007), pp. 148, 49.
12.
The New York Times,
2-24-67 cited by Lisa Pease; E. Howard Hunt with Greg Aunapu,
American Spy
(Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2007), p. 148;
13.
Carl Bernstein, “The CIA and the Media,”
Rolling Stone
, 10-20-77.
14.
Thomas Powers,
The Man
Who Kept the Secrets: Richard Helms & the CIA
(New York: Knopf, 1979), p. 420.
15.
Robert Sam Anson,

“They’ve Killed the President!”: The Search for the Murderers of John F. Kennedy
(New York: Bantam, 1975), p. 70.
16.
Joachim Joesten,
Oswald: Assassin or Fall Guy?
(New York: Marzani & Munsell, 1964), pp. 125, 128.

17.
E. Howard Hunt,
Give Us This Day
(New Rochelle: Arlington House, 1973); L. Gonzales-Mata,
Cygne
(Grasset, 1976); CIA 104-10408-10029, 8-25-76, CIA memo; Warren Hinckle and William Turner,
The Fish

Is Red: The Story of the Secret War Against Castro
(New York: Harper & Row, 1981), pp. 75-77.
18.
Tad Szulc,
Compulsive Spy: The Strange Career of E. Howard Hunt
(New York: Viking, 1974), pp. 77, 78, 96, 97.
19.
John H. Davis,
Mafia Kingfish: Carlos Marcello and the Assassination of John F. Kennedy
(New York: McGraw-Hill, 1989), pp. 300, 301.
20.
Pierre Galante and Louis Sapin,
The Marseilles Mafia: The Truth Behind the World of
Drug Trafficking
(London: W. H. Allen, 1979), pp. 41-55.
21.
Ibid.
22.
CIA 1994.03.11.16:07:16:500005; JFK

1993.08.13.08:39:48:560024.

CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR

1.
Tad Szulc,
Fidel: A Critical Portrait
(New York: Morrow, 1986), p. 599; Jorge G. Castaêda,
Compaêro: The
Life and Death of Che Guevara
(New York: Knopf, 1997), p. 275.
2.
Gaeton Fonzi,
The Last Investigation
(New York: Thunder’s Mouth, 1994), many passages; CIA document, HSCA, Record Number 180-10143-10209,

CIA Segregated Collection, Agency File Number 28-43-01, declassified 8-16-95; Enrique G. Encinosa,
Cuba:

The Unfinished Revolution
(Austin: Eakin, 1988), p. 196.
3.
CIA #104-10308-10098; see other 1964 and 1965

Artime (AMBIDDY, AMWORLD) and Almeida declassified files online at maryferrell.org.
4.
HSCA #157-

10014-10046; for the Artime/Fiorini rifle document, the file number is hard to read but appears to be CIA

180-10142-10307.
5.
Rifle: The file number is hard to read but appears to be CIA 180-10142-10307; HSCA vol. X, p. 184; FBI memo, New York office to Director, 6-2-65.
6.
CIA #104-10308-10098.
7.
Don Bohning,
The Castro Obsession: U.S. Cover Operations Against Cuba, 1959-1965
(Washington: Potomac Books, 2005) p. 227; Evan Thomas,
Robert Kennedy: His Life
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000), p. 238.
8.
Haynes Johnson,
Sleepwalking Through History
(New York: W. W. Norton, 2003), p. 271.
9.
Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Terrorism, Narcotics, and International Communications of the Committee on Foreign Relations
, United States Senate, 1987, 1988; also see CIA drug reports by CIA Inspector General Frederick Hitz, 1-29-98 and

10-98, cited by Robert Parry, 10-29-04, consortiumnews.com.
10.
Tad Szulc,
Fidel: A Critical Portrait
(New York: Morrow, 1986), p. 603; Felix I. Rodriguez and John Weisman,
Shadow Warrior
(New York: Simon

and Schuster, 1989), p. 133.
11.
Jorge G. Castaneda,
Compaêro: The Life and Death of Che Guevara
(New York: Vintage, 1998), pp. 279, 296, 316-18; Daniel James,
Che Guevara: A Biography
(New York: Stein and Day, 1969), pp. 154, 155;
El Che: Investigating a Legend
, 1997, directed by Maurice Dugoson.
12.
Interviews with Harry Williams, 7-24-93, 2-21-95.
13.
HSCA #157-10014-10046; Evan Thomas,
Robert Kennedy: His Life
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000), p. 238.
14.
Tad Szulc,
Compulsive Spy: The Strange Career of E. Howard
Hunt
(New York: Viking, 1974), pp. 96, 97; E. Howard Hunt with Greg Aunapu,
American Spy
(Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2007), p. 156.
15.
Ibid.
16.
HSCA 180-10143-10078; 1994.04.06.10:30:14:250005.

17.
David Atlee Phillips,
The Night Watch
(New York: Atheneum, 1977), pp. 144, 155; Gaeton Fonzi,
The
Last Investigation
(New York: Thunder’s Mouth, 1994), several passages.

CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE

1.
Arthur Schlesinger, Jr.,
Robert Kennedy and His Times
(New York: Ballantine, 1979), p. 861; Evan Thomas,
Robert Kennedy: His Life
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000), pp. 309, 310; Richard Goodwin,
Remembering
America: A Voice from the Sixties
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1988), p. 530.
2.
Douglas P. Horne, Press Conference remarks, 5-15-06.
3.
“New documents reveal first JFK casket dumped at sea,” CNN, 6-1-99; David

S. Lifton,
Best Evidence: Disguise and Deception in the Assassination of John F. Kennedy
(New York: Carroll
808

LEGACY OF SECRECY

& Graf, 1988), many passages.
4.
Charles Rappleye and Ed Becker,
All American Mafioso
(New York: Barricade, 1995), p. 259.
5.
Nick Kotz,
Judgment Days
(New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2005), p. 321.
6.
Ibid, pp. 232, 233.
7.
Ibid, pp. 234-40.
8.
Ibid, pp. 246-47.
9.
Ibid, pp. 246-49.
10.
Juan Williams,
Eyes on the Prize
(New York: Penguin, 1987), p. 265; Mark Lane and Dick Gregory,
Code Name “Zorro”
(New York: Pocket

Books, 1978), pp. 18, 19.
11.
Ibid Williams, p. 284; Nick Kotz,
Judgment Days
(New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2005), p. 325; Gerald Posner,
Killing the Dream
(New York: Random House, 1998), p. 49.
12.
Jerry Mitchell,

“Book probes MLK killing,”
Clarion-Ledger
, 12-30-07.
13.
Taylor Branch,
At Canaan’s Edge: America in the
King Years 1965-68
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006), pp. 177, 178.
14.
Ibid, p. 178.
15.
John H. Davis,
Mafia Kingfish
(New York: Signet, 1989), p. 353.
16.
HSCA vol. X, pp. 199-205.
17.
Ibid.
18.
Rambling Rose
by Chris Mills, available at maryferrell.org.
19.
Pierre Galante and Louis Sapin,
The Marseilles Mafia: The Truth
Behind the World of Drug Trafficking
(London: W. H. Allen, 1979), pp. 65-83; Douglas Valentine,
The Strength
of the Wolf: The Secret History of America’s War on Drugs
(London, New York: Verso, 2004), pp. 364-67; Staff and editors of
Newsday, The Heroin Trail
(New York: New American Library, 1974), pp. 114-16.
20.
Ibid.