Lone Survivors (53 page)

Grossman, Sharon

Grotte du Renne

group relations.
See also
social life

identity and

longevity and

rituals and

group selection

group size.
See also
population size

Grün, Rainer

Gunz, Philipp

Guomde site

gyri

Hadza hunter-gatherers

Haeckel, Ernst

hair

hallucinogenic plants

Hamilton, William

Hammer, Michael

handaxes

haplogroups

L3

M and N

Harpending, Henry

Harrison, Barbara

Harrison, Tom

Harvati, Katerina

Haua Fteah

Hawkes, Kristen

Hawks, John

hearths

Heidelberg Man.
See also Homo heidelbergensis

Heinrich, Hartmut

Heinrich events

Helicobacter pylori

hematite (red iron oxide)

Henrich, Joe

Henshilwood, Chris

Herto site

Higham, Tom

Hillson, Simon

histone proteins

HIV resistance

HLA (human leucocyte antigen)

Ho, Simon

Hobbit (
Homo floresiensis
, Flores Man)

Hohle Fels Cave

Homo antecessor
(Pioneer Man)

Homo erectus

Africa and

alloparents and

Asia and

brain

climate and

Dmanisi and

early finds and

Hobbit and

H. sapiens
vs.

hybridization and

language and

Multiregional model and

physical features of

population size

RAO model and

synchrotron studies and

tools

Homo ergaster

Homo floresiensis

Homo
genus

Homo georgicus

Homo habilis

Homo heidelbergensis

Africa and

Africa and modern humans and

Asia and

behavior of

Boxgrove

brain

Broken Hill

dating

Denisovans and

H. sapiens
and

hybridization and

physical features

RAO model and

symbolism and

tools and

X-rays and

Homo neanderthalensis
.
See
Neanderthals

Homo rhodesiensis
.
See also Homo heidelbergensis

Homo sapiens
.
See also
Cro-Magnons; interbreeding; modern human origin; Recent African Origin model;
and specific behaviors, cultural and physical features, sites, and tool industries and periods

age of, in Africa

climate stresses and replacement of Neanderthals

complex technologies and, in Africa

Coon's five lineage theory of

distinctive features of

evolution of modern, new theories on

first entry to Europe

future of

genus and species name defined

as only human species

other human species vs.

as separate from Neanderthals

split from Neanderthal and

Hong Shang

horizontal-oval (H-O) foramen

Hounsfield, Godfrey

Howell, F. Clark

Howells, William

Howiesons Poort industry

Hrdli
č
ka, Aleš

Hrdy, Sarah Blaffer

Hublin, Jean-Jacques

Huff, Chad

Hughes, Jennifer

human accelerated region 1 and 2 (HAR1, HAR2) genes

Human Revolution

human species.
See also
modern human origin;
and specific species and theories of origin

divergence from chimps

number of

species concepts and confusion of

Humphrey, Louise

Humphrey, Nicholas

hunter-gatherers

hunting

Huxley, Thomas Henry

hybridization.
See
interbreeding

hyoid bones

Ice Ages

iliac pillar

imagination

imitation

initiation rites

inner ears

inner speech

innovation

intelligence

intentionality

interbreeding (hybridization)

Denisovans and

Neanderthals and

RAO model and

International Haplotype Map

Irish, Joel

Ishango fossils

island dwarfing

isotopes

ivory artifacts

Iwo Eleru

Jacob, Teuku

Jacobi, Roger

Jacobs, Zenobia

Japan

Java Man.
See also Homo erectus

jaws

Jebel Faya

Jebel Irhoud

Jinniushan site

Jolly, Clifford

Jones, Steve

Jorde, Lynn

Kapthurin, Kenya

Kebara site

Keinan, Alon

Keith, Arthur

Kelly, Raymond

Kent's Cavern

Khoisan (Bushman)

killing at a distance

King, William

Kingdon, Jonathan

kinship systems

Klasies River Mouth Caves

Klein, Richard

Knight, Chris

knives

Kostenki site

Kow Swamp

Krantz, Grover

Krapina site

Kruszynski, Robert

Ksar 'Akil

Kubrick, Stanley

Kuhn, Steven

Kurtén, Björn

Kvavadze, Eliso

La Chapelle-aux-Saints

La Cotte de St. Brelade

lactase gene

Laetoli H.18 skull.
See
Ngaloba

La Ferrassie

Lahr, Marta

Laitman, Jeff

Laland, Kevin

Lalueza-Fox, Carles

Lambert, Charla

landmarks

language

Lapedo Valley

Large Hadron Collider (Geneva)

Lascaux cave painting

laser ablation

Later Stone Age

Leakey, Louis

Leakey, Mary

Leakey, Meave

Leakey, Richard

learning

Lee, Sang-Hee

Le Moustier site

Lemuria

leptin receptor gene

Les Rois Cave

Lewis-Williams, David

Liang Bua Cave

Libby, Willard

lice

Lieberman, Daniel

Lieberman, Philip

Linnaeus, Carl

Lion Man figurine

Long, Jeffrey

longevity

“Lucy”

luminescence dating

Lyell, Charles

Maba, China

Machiavellian intelligence

Magubike rock shelter

malaria

Malaysia

mammoth

Mandenka people

mandibular foramen

manganese dioxide pigments

Marean, Curtis

Marillac Neanderthals

marine resources

Martin, Bob

mate exchanges and marriage.
See also
sexual selection

mating frequency

Mauer

MC1R pigmentation gene

McBrearty, Sally

McCown, Theodore

meat eating

Melanesia

Mellars, Paul

memory

of dreams

music and

religion and

working

Mendel, Gregor

mentalese, defined

metalworking

Metspalu, Mait

Mezmaiskaya Neanderthal

microcephalin (MCPH1) gene

microcephaly

microscopes

microtephra

middle ear bones

Middle East

Middle Paleolithic

Upper Paleolithic transition

Middle Stone Age

Later Stone Age transitions

migrations

Miller, Geoffrey

mind reading

mines

mirror neurons

Mithen, Steven

mitochondria

“Mitochondrial DNA and Human Evolution” (Cann, Stoneking, and Wilson)

mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

Australia and

Denisovan

dispersal from Africa and

human evolution calibrated with

hybridization and

lice and

Neanderthal

RAO and

Mitochondrial Eve (lucky mother)

modern human origin.
See also
Cro-Magnons;
Homo sapiens
; interbreeding; Out of Africa; Recent African Origin model;
and specific behaviors, cultures, physical and genetic features, and sites

Darwin on

debate over

distinction between human species and

interbreeding and

main theories of, pre-1970

Neanderthal-human relationship and

RAO model developed

single center theory

time scale of

modern humans, future of

Montastruc rock shelter

Moore, James

morphometrics

conventional

geometric

morphological species concept

morphology, decreasing diversity in

Morris, Desmond

Morwood, Mike

“mostly Out of Africa” models

Moula-Guercy Neanderthals

Mousterians

Multiple Dispersals model

Multiregional model

assimilation and

Hobbit and

Homo sapiens
and

Mitochondrial Eve and

Mungo 3 and

RAO model vs.

multivariate analysis

Mungo, Lake, burials

music

Naked Ape, The
(Morris)

Namib Desert

Narmada fossils

Natural History Museum (London)

natural selection

Nature

Nazlet Khater site

Neanderthal Phase model

Neanderthals

art and

behavior

birth and

blood groups

brain and

burials

cannibalism and

childhood development and

childhood stress and

classification of

climate and

cloning and

clothing and

continuity with modern humans and

dating of

Denisovans vs.

diet

discovery and naming

dispersal of

dogs and

evolution of, in Europe

extinction of

genes and genome

Heinrich event and

H-O foramens and

Human Revolution and

human split from

hunting and

injuries and violence

interbreeding and

intermediate models and

language and

lice and

longevity and

missing links

modern humans vs.

modern interactions with

new finds

physical features of

population size

replacement of

social learning and

social support and

symbolism and

synchrotron studies

teeth

Toba volcano and

tools and

water crossing and

X-rays of

Neander Valley skeleton of 1856

Nei, Masatoshi

neocortex

neurotransmitters

Ngaloba (Laetoli H.18 skull)

Ngandong

Niah

Niassa Rift

nitrogen isotopes

Noah's Ark model

North Africa

nose

Oase site

Oberkassel site

occipital lobe

O'Connell, James

Olduvai Gorge

Olorgesailie site

Omo Kibish

On the Origin of Species
(Darwin)

Oppenheimer, Stephen

optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating

orangutan

Ötzi (Alpine iceman)

Out of Africa.
See also
Recent African Origin model

brain changes and

genetic data and dispersal

more than single exodus

Neanderthal-modern genome and

plus Hybridization model

Recent African Origin as term vs.

Out of Africa 1 model

Oyelaran, Philip

Pääbo, Svante

Page, David

parasites

Parfitt, Simon

parietal lobe

Parkington, John

pastoralists

pattern recognition

Paviland burials

Peking Man

penis size

perikymata

Petraglia, Michael

Pettitt, Paul

phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) gene

phonemes

physical clocks

physical dating methods

pigments.
See also specific types

Piltdown Man

Pinker, Steven

Pinnacle Point Caves

Pithecanthropus alalus
, proposed

Pithecanthropus erectus

plant resources

Pleistocene epoch

pluvial period

polygamy

polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

Ponce de León, Marcia

Ponor River Caves

population density

culture and

population size.
See also
demography

African Middle Stone Age and

culture and

effective, defined

future evolution and

innovation and

mtDNA to track

X-chromosomes and

potassium-argon dating

Powell, Adam

Predmostí skulls

Premo, Luke

Pre-
sapiens
model

pressure flaking

Previc, Fred

primates, nonhuman.
See also specific species

alliance and

alloparents and

brain and

descent and

group size and

mind reading and

rituals and

sclera of

shame and

social behavior of

projectile weaponry

protocadherin-15 gene

pubic ramus

pygmies

Qafzeh Cave

racial categories.
See also
regional characteristics

radiocarbon dating

AMS

ultrafiltration

Rainbow Serpent myth

Ramachandran, Vilayanur

Recent African Origin (RAO) model

African variations and

Assimilation model vs.