Mary Tudor (56 page)

^[44]
BL Arundel MS 151, f 194.
L&P
, VI, 1126.

^[45]
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, p. 78.

^[46]
L&P
, VII, 296. Ives,
Anne Boleyn
, pp. 247-8.

^[47]
For a more detailed account of some of these abrasive encounters see Eric Ives,
The Life and Death of Anne Boleyn
(2004), pp. 197-9.

^[48]
Expenses of the Princess Elizabeth’s Household, 25 March 1535.
L&P
, VIII, 440.

^[49]
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, pp. 82-3.

^[50]
L&P
, VII, 1206 and 1336. Despatches of 30 September and 31 October 1534.

^[51]
Ibid., IX, 596.

^[52]
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, pp. 86-7.

^[53]
Statute 25 Henry VIII, cap. 22.
Statutes of the Realm
, III, pp. 471-4.

^[54]
She claimed that Mary’s ‘ennuy’ had cleared up completely after a visit from her father as early as 1529 – which is directly contradicted by the evidence of the accounts. Marillac to Francis I, 12 October 1541.
L&P
, XVI, 1253.

^[55]
Ives,
Life and Death of Anne Boleyn
, pp. 194-5.

^[56]
Mattingly,
Catherine of Aragon
, p. 309.

^[57]
David Loades,
Henry VIII and His Queens
(1997) pp. 90-1.

^[58]
Ives,
Life and Death of Anne Boleyn
, pp. 296-8.

^[59]
For a full account of this thesis, see Retha M. Warnicke,
The Rise and Fall of Anne Boleyn
(1989), and for a refutation, Ives,
Life and Death of Anne Boleyn
, pp. 296-7.

^[60]
Cal. Span
.,1536–38, p.137.

^[61]
Ives,
Life and Death of Anne Boleyn
, pp. 326-7.

^[62]
For a full list of the sources describing Anne’s execution, see ibid., pp. 419-20.

^[63]
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, p. 98. Even Chapuys admitted that there were murmurings in London about the manner (and speed) of Anne’s despatch.

^[64]
MacCulloch,
Thomas Cranmer
, pp.158-9.

^[65]
There is a portrait of Jane by Hans Holbein in the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, which has been frequently reproduced.

^[66]
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, pp. 98-9.

^[67]
Ibid., p. 99.

^[68]
L&P
, X, 968.

^[69]
BL Cotton MS Otho C.X, f. 278.
L&P
, X, 1022.

^[70]
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, p. 101.

^[71]
Ibid. None of the documents surviving from this crisis are precisely dated, so the timetable is reconstructed.

^[72]
Chapuys to the Emperor, 1 July 1536.
L&P
, XI, 7.

^[73]
Mary to Cromwell, probably 30 June 1536.
L&P
, X, 1186. For Susan Clarencius see
ODNB
.

^[74]
BL Cotton MS Vespasian C. XIV, f. 246. Loades,
Mary Tudor
, p. 106.

^[75]
Ibid., p.104.

^[76]
L&P
, XI, 132. Ives,
Life and Death of Anne Boleyn
, p. 198.

^[77]
There are many discussions of the Pilgrimage of Grace, and of the Pilgrims’ attitude towards Mary. The most recent is R. W. Hoyle,
The Pilgrimage of Grace and the Politics of the 1530s
(2001), especially p. 347.

^[78]
Thomas F. Mayer,
Reginald Pole: Prince and Prophet
(2000), pp. 62-78.

^[79]
When asked to adjudicate the rival claims of the Duke of York and Prince Edward in 1460, the House of Lords had declared that they had no competence ‘in so high a mystery’.

^[80]
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, p. 110.
L&P
, XII, 445.

^[81]
The Privy Purse Expenses of the Princess Mary
, ed. F. E. Madden (1831), p.1.

^[82]
L&P
, XII, 637, 1314.

^[83]
The State Papers of King Henry VIII
, (1830–52), I, pt. ii, p. 551.

^[84]
Edward Hall,
Chronicle
, ed. H. Ellis (1809), p. 825.

^[85]
L&P
, XIV, 655. Loades,
Mary Tudor
, p.115.

^[86]
Retha M. Warnicke,
The Marrying of Anne of Cleves
(2000), p. 174.

^[87]
Hazel Pierce,
Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, 1473–1541
.
Loyalty, Lineage and Leadership
(2003), pp. 115-40. Dr Pierce concludes that the evidence against the Poles and the Courtenays, although not strong enough for any modern court, was sufficient to force the king to act.

^[88]
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, p. 116.

^[89]
Ibid.

^[90]
Chapuys to the Queen of Hungary, 17 December 1542.
L&P
, XVII, 1212.

^[91]
There is a portrait attributed to Wilhelm Scrots in London’s National Portrait Gallery, which is the only authentic likeness. Loades,
Henry VIII and His Queens
(2000), pp. 137-8.

^[92]
Catherine’s
Lamentations of a Sinner
, which was not published until 1548, is unambiguously Protestant in places. However, nothing so revealing was published in Henry’s lifetime. By the time that it appeared, Mary had left the queen dowager’s household.

^[93]
Nicholas Udall,
Paraphrases of Erasmus
(London, 1548); preface to Luke.

^[94]
The only source for the story of the conspiracy against Catherine is John Foxe,
Acts and Monuments
(edition 1583), pp. 1,242-4. For a discussion of its provenance, and of the possible role of Stephen Gardiner, see G. Redworth,
In Defence of the Church Catholic. The Life of Stephen Gardiner
(1990), pp. 232-7.

^[95]
Statute 35 Henry VIII, c.1.

^[96]
Scarisbrick,
Henry VIII
, p. 448.

^[97]
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, pp. 123-5.

^[98]
Marillac to Francis I, 27 December 1539
L&P
, XIV, 744.

^[99]
L&P
, XVII, 371.

^[100]
For a full discussion of Pole’s views, and of his role in the Council of Trent, see Mayer,
Reginald Pole
.