Mistress of the Vatican (75 page)

29, 30, 31, 32, 35, 41, 42, 71–72, 286–87, 331–32
Maidalchini, Vittoria, 17, 19, 23, 30, 34–35,

72, 329, 415–16

[ 445 ]

Index

Maidalchini, Vittoria Gualtieri, 10, 71–72 Maidalchini family, 140, 210, 213–16, 416 malaria, 46, 73, 119–20, 130, 131–33, 139,

373, 375, 376
Mantovani, Francesco, 129, 194, 195 Mantua, 107, 110, 115, 169, 171, 332 Marforio, 45, 365–66
Maria, Princess of Savoy, 268–69, 281–82 Marinetti, Annalisa, 418
Mark, Gospel of, 78
Mark, Saint, 240
marriage, 17–18, 24, 28, 29–37, 68–69,

81, 82, 86, 131, 168, 174–76, 200, 283, 323–27, 331–32, 334, 391;
see also
dowries
Marriage of the Pope, The,
283
martyrs, 126, 142–48, 239–45, 258 Masaniello revolt (1647), 218–19, 281, 338 Mascambruno, Camillo, 250 Mascambruno, Francesco, 250–52, 287,

299, 302–9, 310, 311, 312, 313, 386, 388 Mass, 20, 105–6, 230, 269, 311, 333, 367, 372 Matteucci, Gerolamo, 25–26
Matthei, Gaspare, 132
Matthew, Gospel of, 142, 237
Mazarin, Jules, Cardinal, 103, 123, 129–30,

132, 179–82, 183, 184–86, 199, 203, 211, 212, 216–17, 219, 224, 237, 250–51, 372, 373, 376, 378, 383
Mazarin, Michel, 180–81, 185, 186, 211,

212, 214, 216–17, 281
Medici, Carlo de’, 138–39, 151, 182, 373, 375 Medici, Giovanni de’,
see
Leo X, Pope Melzi, Camillo (nuncio to Vienna),

284–85, 318, 322
Mendoza, Monsignor, 303–4
Michael, Saint, 34, 96
Michelangelo, 82, 127, 129, 146, 147, 190,

199, 223
Middle Ages, 13, 44, 81, 95, 100, 126,

239–40, 312, 340
Milan, 63, 140, 378, 384
Milton, John, 146
miracles, 89, 239–45, 265–67, 319–20 missionaries, 20, 89, 235–36, 384 Modena, 194, 199, 232, 332, 378, 384 Monastery of St. Sixtus, 198
monks, 19–20, 84–85, 91, 126, 198, 235,

242–43, 266, 342 Montaigne, Michel de, 179, 372 Monte Cavallo, 232
Montilio, Carlo, 11–12 Moses, 240
Muratori, Ludovico, 323
Muslims, 68, 85, 86, 118, 145, 235, 240,

261, 269

Naples, 58, 63, 65, 66–71, 74, 104, 125, 133,

199, 218–20, 225, 227, 242, 272, 338–43, 382, 396, 398–99, 405, 414, 417
Nardo, 347
Nero, Emperor of Rome, 143, 187 Netherlands, 3, 63, 226
Nicholas II, Pope, 126
Nicholas V, Pope, 126–27, 146–47, 165 Nini, Costanza, 35
Nini, Fiordalisa, 11, 29
Nini, Nino (father-in-law), 11, 29, 31 Nini, Nino (son), 35, 36, 42
Nini, Paolo, 29–37, 38, 44, 54, 106, 107, 109 nuncios, 63–64, 65, 66–71, 74, 75, 76–77,

78, 85, 86, 87, 124, 140, 284–85, 304–5, 318, 322, 377

obbedienza
ambassadors, 92, 171, 382 Odescalchi, Benedetto, 345
Oliva, Giovanni Paolo, 360–61, 395–96 opera, 101–2, 103, 163, 416
Oresteia
(Aeschylus), 12
Orsola, Saint, 333
Ossolinski, Jerzy, 92

pagnotta
(small loaf), 49, 220, 227–32, 246,

384
Palace of the Conservators, 157–58 Palazzo Aldobrandini, 207, 227, 238, 278,

343–44, 413, 418
Palazzo Barberini, 82, 83, 103, 184, 192,

326, 327, 332, 350, 361
Palazzo Caprarola, 221
Palazzo Cibo, 161
Palazzo Farnese, 223, 224, 227, 391 Palazzo Pamphili, 43–46, 54, 58–59, 83,

100–102, 104, 109, 110–11, 130–31, 134, 140–41, 142, 155, 161–67, 169, 180, 188, 197, 211–16, 220–21, 224, 246, 255–56, 263, 269, 272, 277–78, 280, 313, 317, 318, 325–26, 327, 329, 330, 341, 351–55, 357, 364, 368, 369, 379, 386, 387, 388, 409, 413, 416
Palestrina, 82, 324
Pallavicino, Sforza, 2, 4, 5, 70–71, 169, 170,

197, 239, 279, 298, 301, 302, 314, 315–16, 319, 335, 336, 346, 360, 363, 370

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Index

Pallotta, Giovan Battista, 227–28, 281, 344,

373, 376, 377–78
Pamphili, Agatha, 60, 107, 204–5, 221, 244,

268, 273, 289, 317, 344, 349–50, 393 Pamphili, Anna, 419
Pamphili, Antonia, 39, 78
Pamphili, Antonio, 44
Pamphili, Benedetto, 413
Pamphili, Camillo (son):
art collection of, 109, 413, 418
Bel Respiro villa of, 187–88, 207–8, 255,

277, 297, 341, 416
birth of, 71
as cardinal nephew, 150, 152–56, 172,

180, 182, 186–89, 194–206, 216, 276–77, 297, 310
Chigi’s relationship with, 379, 386, 388, 389–90, 402;
see also
Alexander VII, Pope
death of, 413
exile of, 205–8, 221, 223, 225–27, 238–39,

268, 278
Innocent X and, 141, 150, 152–56, 172,

180, 202–6, 221, 225–26, 268, 273, 289–90, 297, 307, 310, 314, 317, 327, 332–33, 349–50, 353, 358, 359, 363, 367, 368–70, 390
marriage of, 199–208, 213, 221, 222,

223–26, 273, 298, 309–10, 331, 344, 401, 403–4, 405, 413;
see also
Rossano, Olimpia Aldobrandini, Princess of Olimpia’s relationship with, 106, 108,

109–10, 131, 152–56, 172, 188–89, 221–27, 237, 238–39, 273, 281, 294, 314, 317, 331, 332–33, 334, 363, 368–70, 379, 386, 388, 393, 401, 402–4, 406, 409–10 personality of, 109–10, 128, 152–56, 172,

200–201, 309–10, 343–44
in theatrical performances, 343–44 wealth of, 180, 187, 201, 273, 309–10,

332–33, 334, 402–4, 413
wedding of, 206–7
Pamphili, Camillo (uncle), 39
Pamphili, Costanza, 75, 108, 153–54, 181,

190, 227, 275, 279, 297, 305, 318, 323, 333, 403, 405
Pamphili, Gianbattista (brother-in-law),
see
Innocent X, Pope
Pamphili, Gianbattista (grandson), 221,

223–26, 228, 238, 281, 289, 317, 333–34, 351, 359–60, 406, 413
Pamphili, Girolamo (great-grandson), 410 Pamphili, Girolamo (uncle), 39, 59–60, 63 Pamphili, Maria, 65, 108–9, 153, 155, 181,

263, 275, 279, 297, 305, 323, 327, 330, 333
Pamphili, Olimpia Maidalchini: ambition of, 1–6, 32, 36–39, 60–61, 106–8, 110, 168–70, 189–90, 213–17, 249–52, 285–90, 293–95, 309, 315, 336–43, 364, 407–8
antiquities collected by, 255–56 arthritis of, 164, 263
artistic patronage of, 111, 161–64, 252–56 avarice of, 154–55, 171–73, 180, 216–17,

231, 246–52, 259, 281, 282, 288, 305, 314–15, 332, 334, 335–36, 337, 345, 348, 352, 355–56, 361, 362, 364, 367, 377–78, 384–89, 412–13, 418
baptism of, 11–12
biographies of, 4–5
birth of, 9–12
burial of, 409–11
Chigi’s relationship with, 4, 377–79, 380, 384–89, 395–96, 400, 401, 402, 412–15, 417;
see also
Alexander VII, Pope childhood of, 3, 13–19, 22, 202, 334
coat of arms of, 62, 107, 164, 210, 254, 273,

276, 281, 287, 341, 407
codes used by, 70, 78–80, 294
comedies staged by, 184–85, 194, 237–38,

239, 281
contemporary sources on, 1–6, 30, 58,

70–71, 141–42, 171–72, 188, 201, 207, 221, 222, 223–24, 231–32, 238, 270, 278–85, 287, 288, 307, 317, 325, 330, 332
convent life avoided by, 3, 18–28, 32,

34–35, 36, 37, 43, 52–53, 61, 72, 107, 140, 166–67, 188–89, 227, 286–87, 288, 331–32, 419
correspondence of, 25–26, 70, 71–72,

76–80, 186, 294, 295–96, 336, 352, 376, 380–81, 387, 393–94, 402–6
death of, 209–11, 333, 406–12
dowry of, 3, 11, 12, 17, 18, 23, 28, 30, 31,

42–43, 71, 72
dresses of, 33–34, 105, 216–17
education of, 14, 20, 110, 202
enemies of, 25, 154–55, 179–86, 196–208,

224, 245–46, 249–50, 268–69, 280, 289–90, 295–96, 307, 309, 314–22, 323, 334–47, 358–59, 370–71, 374, 376–77 etiquette observed by, 53–54, 55, 64–65,

77, 83, 179–82, 238, 335, 392

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Index

Pamphili (
cont’d
)
family relations of, 22–23, 24, 27–28, 30,

35, 65, 71, 75, 104, 108–10, 130–31, 181, 206, 213, 222, 246, 276, 279, 308, 323–27, 331–32, 334, 338–39, 342, 361, 374, 381, 393–94, 403, 405, 419;
see also
Pamphili family
as “female pope,” 1–3, 134, 137–290, 321,

335, 412, 419
financial acumen of, 14–15, 24, 34, 52, 64,

70–72, 111, 151, 152–53, 171–72, 249–52, 259–60, 332–33
first exile of, 278–90, 293–95, 302, 308–9,

314–17, 321–22, 341, 388
first marriage of (Nini), 17–18, 24, 28,

29–37, 38, 44, 54, 106, 107, 109 French support for, 180, 216–17 frescoes commissioned by, 111 furniture of, 140–41, 221
gambling of, 110–11, 180, 212 generosity of, 52–53, 166–67, 259–60,

333–34
gold reserves taken by, 348, 352, 356, 361,

362, 364, 367, 386–87, 418
health of, 164, 209, 263, 277–78, 293,

340–41, 388
holy medals obtained by, 261–63 hunting by, 110
intelligence of, 13–14, 24, 70–71, 98, 101, 107, 151, 202, 211–12, 259–60, 285, 393 jewelry of, 42, 110, 180, 250, 351–52, 410 laundry supervised by, 166, 288
lifestyle of, 31–32, 110–11, 180, 212,

249–52
medals with image of, 284–85, 321
as “mistress of the Vatican,” 1–6, 134,

137–290, 281–90, 321, 334–36, 374–75, 376, 412, 419
monthly stipend received by, 171–72
as mother, 35, 65, 71, 75, 108–10, 130–31,

206, 213, 308, 323–27, 331–32, 334, 338–39, 342, 361, 374, 381, 393–94, 403, 405, 419
music as interest of, 101–2, 103, 163
in Naples, 66–71, 74, 104
Nini residence of, 31–34, 329, 395, 418 nobility of, 38, 40–43, 53–54, 55, 62, 65, 77, 111, 140, 141, 150–51, 163–64, 202, 222, 224, 239, 252, 263, 276, 338–39, 348 palazzo of,
see
Palazzo Pamphili
papal conclave (1644) influenced by,

117–34 papal investigation of, 384–89, 395, 404,

412–13
personality of, 13–14, 22, 23–28, 33–34,

60–62, 108–11, 129, 202–4, 211–12, 216–17, 227–29, 238–39, 277–81, 285–86, 290, 293–94, 309, 321–22, 364
petitions submitted by, 168–69
physical appearance of, 15, 33–34, 41–42,

105, 110, 151, 216–17, 250, 271, 290, 410–11
podagra inflammation of, 340–41 political influence of, 1, 2, 3–6, 38–39,