Seventeen Contradictions and the End of Capitalism (52 page)

oligopoly
131
,
136
,
138

Olympic Games
237
–
8

oppositional movements
14
,
162
,
266
–
7

oppression
193
,
266
,
288
,
297

Orwell, George
213

Nineteen Eighty-Four
202

overaccumulation
154

overheating
228

Owen, Robert
18
,
184

Oxfam
xi
,
169
–
70

Paine, Tom:
Rights of Man
285

Paris
160

riots (1968)
x

patents
139
,
245
,
251

paternalism
165
,
209

patriarchy
7

Paulson, Hank
47

pauperisation
104

Peabody, George
18

peasantry
ix
,
7
,
107
,
117
,
174
,
190
,
193

revolts
202

pensions
134
,
165
,
230

rights
58
,
67
–
8
,
84
,
134

people of colour: disposable

populations
111

Pereire, Emile
239

pesticides
255
,
258

pharmaceuticals
95
,
121
,
123
,
136
,
139

Philanthropic Colonialism
211

philanthropy
18
,
128
,
189
,
190
,
210
–
11
,
245
,
285

Philippines
115
,
196

Picasso, Pablo
140
–
41
,
187
,
240

Pinochet, Augusto
x

Pittsburgh
150
,
159
,
258

planned obsolescence
74

plutocracy
xi
,
xii
,
91
,
170
,
173
,
177
,
180

Poland
152

Polanyi, Karl
56
,
58
,
60
,
205
–
7
,
210
,
261

The Great Transformation
56
–
7

police
134

brutality
266

capacities and powers
43

powers
xiii
,
43
,
52

repression
264
,
280

surveillance and violence
264

violence
266
,
280

police-state
203
,
220

political economy
xiv
,
54
,
58
,
89
,
97
,
179
–
80
,
182
,
201
,
206
–
9

liberal
204
,
206
,
209

political parties, incapable of

mounting opposition to the power of capital
xii

political representation
183

pollutants
8
,
246
,
255

pollution
43
,
57
,
59
,
60
,
150
,
250
,
254
,
255
,
258

Pontecorvo, Gillo
288

Ponzi schemes
21
,
53
,
54
,
243

population

ageing
223
,
230

disposable
108
,
111
,
231
,
264

growth
107
–
8
,
229
,
230
–
31
,
242
,
246

Malthus’s principle
229
–
30

Portugal
161

post-structuralism
xiii

potlatch system
33

pounds sterling
46

poverty
229

anti-poverty organisations
286
–
7

and bourgeois reformism
167

and capital
176

chronic
286

eradication of
211

escape from
170

feminisation of
114

grants
107

and industrialisation
123

and population expansion
229

and unemployment
170
,
176

US political movement denies assistance to the poor
292
–
3

and wealth
146
,
168
,
177
,
218
,
219
,
243

world
xi
,
170

power

accumulation of
33
,
35

of capital
xii
,
36

class
55
,
61
,
88
,
89
,
97
,
99
,
110
,
134
,
135
,
221
,
279

computer
105

and currencies
46

economic
142
,
143
,
144

global
34
,
170

the house as a sign of
15
–
16

of labour
see under
labour; of merchants
75

military
143

and money
25
,
33
,
36
,
49
,
59
,
60
,
62
,
63
,
65
–
6
,
245
,
266

monopoly
see
monopoly power; oligarchic
292

political
62
,
143
,
144
,
162
,
171
,
219
,
292

purchasing
105
,
107

social
33
,
35
,
55
,
62
,
64
,
294

state
42
–
5
,
47
–
52
,
72
,
142
,
155
–
9
,
164
,
209
,
295

predation, predators
53
,
54
,
61
,
67
,
77
,
84
,
101
,
109
,
111
,
133
,
162
,
198
,
212
,
254
–
5

price fixing
53
,
118
,
132

price gouging
132

Price, Richard
226
,
227
,
229

prices

discount
133

equilibrium in
118

extortionate
84

food
244
,
251

housing
21
,
32
,
77

land
77
,
78
,
150

low
132

market
31
,
32

and marketplace anarchy
118

monopoly
31
,
72
,
139
,
141

oil
251
,
252

property
77
,
78
,
141
,
150

supermarket
6

and value
31
,
55
–
6

private equity firms
101
,
162

private equity funds
22
,
162

private property

and the commons
41
,
50
,
57

and eradication of usufructuary rights
41

and individual appropriation
38

and monopoly power
134
–
5
,
137

social bond between human rights and private property
39
–
40

and the state
47
,
50
,
58
,
59
,
146
,
210

private property rights
38
–
42
,
44
,
58
,
204
,
252

and collective management
50

conferring the right to trade away that which is owned
39

decentralised
44

exclusionary permanent ownership rights
39

and externality effects
44

held in perpetuity
40

intellectual property rights
41

microenterprises endowed with
211

modification or abolition of the regime
14

and nature
250

over commodities and money
38

and state power
40
–
41
,
42
–
3

underpinning home ownership
49

usufructuary rights
39

privatisation
23
,
24
,
48
,
59
,
60
,
61
,
84
,
185
,
235
,
250
,
253
,
261
,
262
,
266

product lines
92
,
107
,
219
,
236

production

bourgeois
1

falling value of
107

immaterial
242

increase in volume and variety of
121

organised
2

and realisation
67
,
79
–
85
,
106
,
107
,
108
,
173
,
177
,
179
,
180
,
221
,
243

regional crises
151

workers’ dispossession of own means of
172

productivity
71
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
117
,
118
,
121
,
125
,
126
,
132
,
172
,
173
,
184
,
185
,
188
,
220
,
239

products, compared with

commodities
25
–
6

profitability
92
,
94
,
98
,
102
,
103
,
104
,
106
,
112
,
116
,
118
,
125
,
147
,
184
,
191
–
2
,
240
,
252
,
253
,
256
,
257

profit(s)

banking
54

as capital’s aim
92
,
96
,
232

and capital’s struggle against labour
64
,
65

and competition
93

entrepreneurs
24
,
104

falling
81
,
107
,
244

from commodity sales
71

and money capital
28

monopoly
93

rate of
79
,
92

reinvestment in expansion
72

root of
63

spending of
15

and wage rates
172

proletarianisation
191

partial
175
,
190
,
191

‘property bubble’
21

property market

boom (1920s)
239

growth of
50

property market crashes

1928
x
,
21

1973
21

2008
21
–
2
,
54
,
241

property rights
39
,
41
,
93
,
135

see also
intellectual property

rights; private property

property values
78
,
85
,
234

‘prosumers’
237

Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph
183

Prozac
248

public goods
38

public utilities
23
,
60
,
118
,
132

quantitative easing
30
,
233

R&D
ix

race
68
,
116
,
165
,
166
,
291

racial minorities
168

racialisation
7
,
8
,
62
,
68

racism
8

Rand, Ayn
200

raw materials
16
,
17
,
148
,
149
,
154

Reagan, Ronald
x
,
72

Speech at Westminster
201

Reagan revolution
165
–
166

realisation, and production
67
,
79
–
85
,
106
,
107
,
108
,
173
,
177
,
179
,
180
,
221
,
243

reality

contradiction between reality and appearance
4
–
6

social
27