Seventeen Contradictions and the End of Capitalism (54 page)

Sweden
166
,
167

protests in (2013)
129
,
293

Sweezy, Paul
136

swindlers, swindling
45
,
53
,
57
,
239

‘symbolic analysts’
188

Syntagma Square, Athens
266
,
280

Tahrir Square, Cairo
266

Taipei, Taiwan
153

Taiwan
123
,
150
,
153

Taksim Square, Istanbul
266
,
280

Tanzania
291

tariffs
137

taxation
40
,
43
,
47
,
67
,
84
,
93
–
4
,
106
,
133
,
150
,
155
,
157
,
167
,
168
,
172
,
190

Taylor, Frederick
119
,
126

Taylorism
103

Tea Party faction
205
,
280
,
281
,
292

technological evolution
95
–
6
,
97
,
101
–
2
,
109

technological imperatives
98
–
101

technological innovation
94
–
5

technology

changes involving different branches of state apparatus
93
–
4

communicative technologies
278
–
9

and competition
92
–
3

constraints inhibiting deployment
101

culture of
227
,
271

definition
92
,
248

and devaluation of commodities
234

environmental
248

generic technologies
94

hardware
92
,
101

humanising
271

information
100
,
147
,
158
,
177

military
93
,
95

monetary
109

and nature
92
,
97
,
99
,
102

organisational forms
92
,
99
,
101

and productivity
71

relation to nature
92

research and development
94

and science
95

software
92
,
99
,
101

a specialist field of business
94

and unemployment
80
,
103

work and labour control
102
–
11

telephone companies
54
,
67
,
84
,
278

Tennessee
148

Teresa, Mother
284

Thatcher, Margaret (later Baroness)

x,
72
,
214
,
259

Thatcherism
165

theft
53
,
60
,
61
,
63

Thelluson, Peter
226
,
227

think tanks
143

‘Third Italy’
143

Third World debt crisis
240

Toffler, Alvin
237

tolls
137

Tönnies, Ferdinand
122
,
125

tourism
ix
,
16
,
140
,
141
,
187
,
236

medical
139

toxic waste disposal
249
–
50
,
257

trade networks
24

trade unions
xii
,
116
,
148
,
168
,
176
,
184
,
274
,
280

trade wars
154

transportation
23
,
99
,
132
,
147
–
8
,
150
,
296

Treasury Departments
46
,
156

TRIPS agreement
242

tropical rainforest
253

‘trust-busting’
131

trusts
135

Turin, Italy
150

Turkey
107
,
123
,
174
,
232
,
280
,
293

Tuscany, Italy
150

Tutu, Archbishop Desmond
284

Twitter
236

unemployment
37
,
104
,
258
,
273

benefits
176

deliberately created
65
,
174

high
xii
,
10
,
176

insurance
175

and labour reserves
175
,
231

and labour-saving technologies
173

long-term
108
,
129

permanent
111

echnologically induced
80
,
103
,
173
,
274

uneven geographical developments
178
,
296

advanced and underserved regional economies
149
–
50

and anti-capitalist movements
162

asset bubbles
243

and capital’s reinvention of itself
147
,
161

macroeconomic processes of
159

masking the true nature of capital
159
–
60

and technological forms
219

volatility in
244

United Fruit
136

United Kingdom

income inequality in
169
;
see also
Britain

United Nations (UN)
285

United States

aim of Tea Party faction
280

banking
158

Bill of Rights
284

Britain lends to (nineteenth century)
153

capital in (1990s)
154

Constitution
284

consumption level
194

global reserve currency
45
–
6

growth
232

hostility towards state interventions
167

House of Representatives
206

human rights abuses
202

imperial power
46

indebtedness of students in
194

Indian reservations
249

interstate highway system
239

jobless recoveries after recession
172
–
3

liberty and freedom rhetoric
200
–
201
,
202

Midwest ‘rust belt’
151

military expenditures
46

property market crashes
x
,
21
–
2
,
50
,
54
,
58
,
82
–
3

racial issues
166

Savings and Loan Crisis (from 1986)
18

social mobility
196

social reproduction
196
–
7

solidly capitalist
166

steel industry
120

‘symbolic analysts’
188

‘trust-busting’
131

unemployment
108

wealth distribution
167

welfare system
176

universal suffrage
183

urbanisation
151
,
189
,
228
,
232
,
239
,
247
,
254
,
255
,
261

Ure, Andrew
119

US Congress
47

US dollar
15
,
30
,
45
–
6

US Executive Branch
47

US Federal Reserve
xi
,
6
,
30
,
37
,
46
,
47
,
49
,
132
,
143
,
233

monetary policy
170
–
71

US Housing Act (1949)
18

US Treasury
47
,
142
,
240

use values

collectively managed pool of
36

commodification of
243

commodities
15
,
26
,
35

common wealth
53

creation through social labour
36

and entrepreneurs
23
–
4

and exchange values
15
,
35
,
42
,
44
,
50
,
60
,
65
,
88

and housing
14
–
19
,
21
–
2
,
23
,
67

and human labour
26

infinitely varied
15

of infrastructural provision
78

loss of
58

marketisation of
243

monetisation of
243

of money
28

privatised and commodified
23

provision of
111

and revolt of the mass of the people
60

social demand for
81

usufructuary rights
39
,
41
,
59

usury
49
,
53
,
186
,
194

utopianism
18
,
35
,
42
,
51
,
66
,
119
,
132
,
183
,
184
,
204
,
206
–
10
,
269
,
281
,
282

value(s)

commodity
24
,
25

failure to produce
40

housing
19
,
20
,
22

net
19

production and realisation of
82

production of
239

property
21

relation between money and value
27
,
35

savings
20

storing
25
,
26
,
35

see also
asset values; exchange values; social value; use values

value added
79
,
83

Veblen, Thorstein:
Theory of the Leisure Class
274

Venezuela
123
,
201

Vietnam, labour in
108

Vietnam War
290

violence
53
,
57
,
72
,
204
–
5
,
286

against children
193

against social movements
266

against women
193

colonial
289
–
90
,
291

and contemporary capitalism
8

culture of
271

of dispossession
58
,
59

in a dystopian world
264

and humanism
286
,
289
,
291

of the liberation struggle
290

militarised
292

as the only option
290
–
91

political
280

in pursuit of liberty and freedom
201

racialised
291

state’s legitimate use of
42
,
44
,
45
,
51
,
88
,
155
,
173

of technology
271

and wage labour
207

virtual ecological transfer
256

Volcker, Paul
37

wages
103

basic social wage
103

falling
80
,
82

for housework
115
,
192
–
3

low
xii
,
114
,
116
,
186
,
188

lower bound to wage levels
175

non-payment of
72

and profits
172

reduction in
81
,
103
,
104
,
135
,
168
,
172
,
176
,
178

rising
178

and unskilled labour
114

wage demands
150
,
274

wage levels pushed up by labour
65

wage rates
103
,
116
,
172
,
173

wage repression
158
–
9

weekly
71

see also
income

Wall Street

criticised by a congressional committee
239
–
40

illegalities practised by
72
,
77

and Lebed
195

new information-processing technologies
100

Wall Street Crash (1929)
x
,
47

Wall-E
(film)
271

Walmart
xii
,
75
,
84
,
103
,
131

war on terror
280

wars
8
,
60
,
229

currency
154

defined
44

monetisation of state war-making activities
44
–
5

privatisation of war making
235

resource
154
,
260

and state aims
44

state financing of
32
,
44
,
48