The Age of Radiance (85 page)

testing of Bravo at Bikini,
272
–73,
275
,
340
,
356

testing of Castle series of,
273
,
274

testing of Mike at Elugelab,
250
,
251
,
252
–54,
282
–83,
372

Ulam’s design for,
248
–50,
252
,
253
,
262
,
264
,
265
,
275

Ignatenko, Lyudmilla,
318

India,
227
,
337
,
339
,
361
,
365
,
373

Institute for Biological Studies,
268

Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, Minsk, Belarus,
312
–13

Interim Committee,
206
,
208
,
211
,
228
,
371

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA),
305
,
338
,
356
,
364

International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER),
364

“In the Matter of J. Robert Oppenheimer,”
261
–65

iodine,
188
,
215
,
271
,
308
,
336
,
350
,
356
,
365
,
377

Iran,
6
,
338
,
373

Israel,
334
,
337
–38,
360
,
370

Jaczko, Gregory,
355

Japan,
364

demand for surrender of,
211

earthquakes in,
342
–45,
352
–53

firebombing of,
209
–11

nuclear power plants in,
340
–41,
342

nuclear research in,
210

regulation of nuclear technology in,
341

thermonuclear testing affecting fishermen from,
273
,
340

See also
Fukushima Daiichi power plant disaster, Japan; Hiroshima, Japan, bombing; Nagasaki, Japan, bombing

Joachimsthal, Czechoslovakia, mine,
36
,
195
,
231

Johnson, Lyndon,
211
,
337

Joliot-Curie, Irène,
61
,
82
,
376

death of,
188

deuterium source for,
120

education of,
49
–50

family background of,
25
,
30
,
31
,
39
,
41
,
48

fame of,
98
,
369

Fermi’s research and,
90

Hahn and Meitner on errors in research of,
90

man-made radiation research of,
61
,
105

marriage of,
51
–52

Meitner’s research and,
103

nuclear fission research of,
112
,
117
,
120
,
142
,
193

uranium sources and,
154

work with husband Fred,
52
–53,
54
,
61
,
62
,
90
,
103
,
112

Joliot-Curie, Jean-Frédéric (Fred),
376

deuterium source for,
120

French resistance work of,
188

health of,
188

marriage of,
51
–52

nuclear fission research of,
142

uranium sources and,
154

work with wife Irène,
52
–53,
54
,
61
,
62
,
90
,
103
,
112

Jungk, Robert,
178
,
180
,
181

Kahn, Herman,
290
–91,
292

Kan, Naoto,
346
,
351
,
352
,
357

Karle, Isabella,
127

Kaufman, Irving,
241
–42

Kazakhstan, atomic tests in,
233
,
235
,
336
,
372

Kelvin, Lord William Thomson,
22
–23,
39

Kennan, George¸
256
–57

Kennedy, John F.,
265

arms race and,
276
–77,
282
,
289
,
376

atomic satellite programs and,
305
–06

Bay of Pigs invasion and,
286
,
293
–94

Cuban Missile Crisis and,
294
–99

fallout shelters and,
286

joint moon mission proposal and,
284

Khrushchev and,
285
–86

missile gap and,
282
,
285
–86,
293
–94

nuclear air power programs and,
305

nuclear defense strategies and,
288
–89

Nuclear Test Ban Treaty and,
374

presidential campaign against Nixon by,
282
,
284
–85

Kennedy, Robert,
297

KGB,
172
,
238
,
240
,
292
,
293
,
327

Khan, Abdul Qadeer,
338

Khrushchev, Nikita,
370
–71

arms race and¸
245
,
254
,
267
,
276
–77,
284
–85,
373

Bay of Pigs invasion and,
286
,
293
–94

Cold War and,
300

Cuban Missile Crisis and,
294
–95,
296
–97,
298
,
299

joint moon mission proposal and,
284

rise to power by,
254

Szilard’s meeting with,
267

US perception of threats from,
256

Khrushchev, Sergei,
246
,
256
,
284
,
290
,
294
–95,
297
,
298

Killing a Nation defense strategy,
277
,
292
,
293
,
372

Kim Il Sung,
243
,
373

King, Ernest,
221
–22

Kissinger, Henry A.,
282
,
335

Kistiakowsky, George (Kisty),
169
,
171
,
173
,
196
,
197
–98,
199
,
202
,
228

Klaproth, Martin,
25

Knuth, August,
130

Kolbert, Elizabeth,
360
–61

Korea.
See
North Korea; South Korea

Korean War,
236
,
241
,
245
,
246
,
279
,
370
,
376

Kowalski, Joseph,
40

Kubrick, Stanley,
267
,
291
–92

Kurchatov, Igor Vasilievich,
192
,
193
,
194
,
232
–34,
237
,
268
–69

Lamb, Willis,
102
,
103

Lamphere, Robert,
238
,
239
,
240

Langevin, Emma Jeanne Desfosses,
44
–46,
47
,
48
–49

Langevin, Michel,
49

Langevin, Paul,
51
,
53

affair with Marie Curie,
43
–45,
46
,
47
–48,
49

background and early life of,
32
,
38
,
40

Irène Curie’s career and,
49
,
53

marriage with Jeanne,
44
–46,
48
–49

Langevin-Joliot, Hélène,
49

Langewiesche, William,
213

Lanouette, William,
122

Larionov, Nikolay,
255

Laurence, William,
189
,
204
,
217
–18

Lawrence, Ernest Orlando,
174
,
369

atomic bomb and,
199
,
206
,
207
,
261

big science of,
141
,
252

cyclotron at Berkeley built by,
140
–41,
145
,
193

Livermore lab and,
252
,
262
,
282

Manhattan Project and,
147
–48,
154
,
220

Nobel awarded to,
145

Oppenheimer and,
141
–42,
262

plutonium discovery by,
146

postwar research and,
225
,
228

thermonuclear fusion research and,
228
,
229
,
251
–52

Lawrence, John,
141
,
145

Lawrence, Molly,
142
,
220
,
282

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California.
See
Livermore Laboratory, California

Leahy, William,
222

Lehman, Joe,
151

LeMay, Curtis Emerson

aerial reconnaissance and,
279
–80

civilian oversight of armed forces and,
245
–46,
279

Cuban Missile Crisis and,
295
,
296
,
298
,
299

firebombing of Japan by,
208
,
209
–12,
221
,
371

nuclear weapons and,
278
,
279

personality of,
208
–09

satellite development and,
281
,
284

Soviet Union and,
227
,
244
,
285

Strategic Air Command and,
279
,
287
–88

Lenard, Philipp,
67

Lenin, V. I.,
193
,
314

Lenin Atomic Power Station, Ukraine

location of,
314

tourism to,
325

use of unaffected reactors at,
324

See also
Chernobyl nuclear reactor disaster, Ukraine

Lewis, Robert,
213

Lilienthal, David,
229
,
230
,
235
–36,
257

Limerick reactor, Pennsylvania,
310
–11

Lindbergh, Charles,
116
,
145

Lippmann, Walter,
38

Little Boy bomb,
154
,
166
,
168
,
208
,
211
–12,
230
,
371

Litvinenko, Alexander,
54

Livermore Laboratory (later Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory), California,
252
,
262
,
282

Bravo thermonuclear testing by,
273
–74

nuclear weapons designed at,
282

power generation through fusion at,
364

Reagan’s visit to,
330

test-ban agreement and,
267

Lochbaum, David A.,
348
,
353

Loomis, Alfred Lee,
141

Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico,
150
–53,
282

atomic trigger device designed at,
166

Bohr’s move to,
175
–76

Bravo thermonuclear testing by,
273
–74

Fermi’s move to,
158
–59

move by scientists to,
150
–51,
152
–53,
165
–66

Oak Ridge reactor and,
164

Oppenheimer’s discovery of site for,
144
,
150

Oppenheimer’s work at,
151
,
153
,
164
,
261
–62

plutonium supply for,
160

quality of life at,
151
–52,
153
,
155
–56,
157
,
159
–60

refusal by Meitner and Rabi to move to,
152
,
153

research at,
159
–60

spying at,
239
,
240
,
242

Teller’s postwar return to,
231
,
252

thermonuclear fusion research at,
247
–51,
252

uranium production for,
165

Loubet, Émile,
37

Loubet, Marie Louise,
37

Lyman, Edwin,
355

MacArthur, Douglas,
243
,
244
–45

Maclean, Donald,
172
,
238

Madame Curie
(Eve Curie),
49

Madrid, Jim,
204
–05

Mahaffey, James,
137
,
161
,
310
,
367
,
370

Manhattan Project

anti-Russian feelings in,
194

atomic bomb advice to Truman from,
207

concern about German progress by,
184
–85

Einstein and,
83
,
122

espionage and,
238

funding for,
126

headquarters building of,
149

naming of,
149

staffing of,
147
–49

surveillance of,
154
–55

uranium source for,
153
–54

MANIAC computer,
248

Manin, Louis,
40

Manzotti, Luigi,
33

Mao Zedong,
6
,
244
,
373

Marshak, Ruth,
153

Marshall, George,
186
,
206
–07,
221
,
222

Marshall, Leona,
164