The Anatomy of Addiction (25 page)

hypervigilance,
80

hypnotic drugs,
20
,
34

Indiana University,
54

inhalants,
20
,
34

Institute of Medicine,
197

insurance,
14
,
15
,
19
,
185
,
210

JAMA Psychiatry,
41
,
137

Joplin, Janis,
76

Justice Policy Institute,
36

Just Say No campaign,
171
–72,
208

Keck School of Medicine,
xiv
,
209

Kelly, Kay,
197
–98

Kemstro,
115

Kerlikowske, Gil,
3
–4

Klonopin,
125

law-enforcement system,
see
criminal justice system

Leaving Las Vegas,
16

Ledger, Heath,
76
–77

Lexapro,
166

Librium,
125

lifestyle,
xii
,
12

Lioresal,
115

liver,
71
–72,
74
,
176
,
195

Long Day's Journey into Night
(O'Neill),
59

lorazepam,
125

Lortab,
38

Los Angeles County General Hospital,
69

Los Angeles County Psychiatric Emergency Services,
16

Los Angeles Times,
11

Lost Weekend,
15

LSD,
161
,
164

Magnan, Valentin,
32

managed maintenance,
141
–43,
211

for cocaine dependence,
144
–45

in extreme addiction cases,
143
–44

for heroin dependence,
144

medications in,
see
medications for addiction

psychiatric realities and,
145
–48

support services in,
148

manic-depression,
see
bipolar disorder

marijuana (cannabis),
6
,
20
,
34
,
41
,
43
,
80
–82,
86
–87

alcohol and,
81
,
85

brain and,
81

driving and,
40
,
85

in edibles,
40

increase in use of,
168

legalization of,
6
,
39
–40,
84
,
211
,
212

length of average addiction to,
176

medical,
82
–85

medications for addiction to,
116

mental disorders and,
167
–68

myths about,
39
–41

overdose and,
6
,
39

in pill form,
83
–84

regulation of,
40
–41,
84
–85,
211

tar level in,
84

testing for,
181

THC in,
40
,
83

Marinol,
83

McLellan, Thomas,
153

Medicaid,
14
,
15

medical consequences of addiction,
69
–90

from alcohol,
59
,
71
–72,
74

from barbiturates and tranquilizers,
85
–86

brain damage,
see
brain damage

coke bugs,
78
–79

from marijuana,
80
–85

for men,
70
,
74
,
82

neurological impairment,
70
–72

from opioids,
75
–77

paranoia,
79
–80

psychiatric problems,
73
–74

from stimulants,
77
–80

suicide,
13
,
70
,
74

for women,
70
,
75

Medical Daily,
42

medical schools,
211
–12

Medicare,
136
,
206
–7

medications for addiction,
xii
,
12
,
14
,
28
–29,
48
,
94
,
97
–98,
103
–5,
115
–17,
148
,
209

AA and,
13

abstinence and,
13
,
28
–29

to alcohol,
98
,
115
–16

to cocaine,
144
–45

cost of,
15

at Hazelden,
24

to heroin,
98
,
112
–13,
144

to marijuana,
116

myths about,
44
–46

to opiates,
98
,
112
–13,
117
,
142
–43,
144

to stimulants,
116
–17,
144

Suboxone,
13
–15,
24
,
45
–46,
97
–98,
104
–5,
112
–13,
117
,
144
,
205
,
209

men,
70
,
74

sperm count in,
82

mental disorders,
49
,
107
,
158
,
159
,
163
,
201

cannabis and,
167
–68

rehab clinics and,
160

self-medicating and,
160
,
167

12-step groups and,
160
–61

see also
dual diagnoses

mental retardation,
194
,
196
,
197
,
201

methadone,
9
,
98
,
112
,
117
,
204

methamphetamine (meth),
49
,
77
,
78
,
105
,
121
,
136
,
207

additives in,
78

meth mites and,
78
–79

myths about,
33
–36

Miller, Michael,
66
–67

miscarriage,
70
,
75

Mishek, Mark (Hazelden CEO),
11
,
24

modafinil (Modavigil),
117
,
128
,
144
–45

morphine,
31
,
45
,
59
,
60
,
75
,
83
–84,
112

motivation enhancement therapy (MET),
99

movies,
15
–16,
119
–20

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging),
3
,
29
,
50
,
53
,
167
,
191
,
206

muscular dystrophy,
197

myths of addiction,
xiii
,
27
–46

addiction is a problem of willpower and abstinence,
28
–29

addicts should be punished,
29
–30

alcohol is different from other drugs,
30
–33

heroin is mainly a ghetto drug,
41
–43

about hitting rock bottom,
43
–44

about marijuana,
39
–41

about meth and crack,
33
–36,
196

people addicted to one drug are addicted to all of them,
37

about prescription drugs,
37
–39

about treating addiction with medications,
44
–46

N-acetylcysteine,
116

naloxone,
112

naltrexone,
98
,
144
,
170
,
210

Revia,
116
,
117

Vivitrol,
116
,
142
–43

Nanson, Josephine,
199
–200

Narcotics Addict Rehabilitation Act,
7

Narcotics Anonymous (NA),
13
,
151

Nathan, Peter E.,
178

National Cancer Institute,
39

National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University (CASA),
x
,
67
,
93
,
123
,
172
–75

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism,
54

National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA),
3
,
54
,
65
,
86
–87,
105
,
203

National Institutes of Health,
xi
,
43
,
54

National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH),
ix
,
34

nervous system,
73

neurological impairment,
70
–72

Neurontin (gabapentin),
98
,
116
,
120

neurotransmitters,
51
–52,
60
,
61
,
103
,
112
,
134

dimethyltryptamine,
107

dopamine,
3
,
49
,
52
,
103
,
128

GABA,
52

norepinephrine,
128

New England Journal of Medicine,
89

New York Times,
15
,
209

Nickels, Jane,
13

nicotine,
161

norepinephrine,
128

nutrition,
103
,
143

Obama, Barack,
3

Obamacare (Affordable Care Act),
15
,
153
,
209
–10,
211
,
212

obsession,
110
,
111
–12

Office of National Drug Control Policy,
3

Ohio State University,
106

older addicts,
134
,
136
,
137
–38,
206

deaths in,
137
–38,
206

Gus,
148
–50

Olney, John,
195

ondansetron,
116

O'Neill, Eugene,
59

opiates and opioids,
6
,
20
,
37
,
39
,
42
–43,
45
,
60
,
75
–77

detoxification from,
126
–27

length of average addiction to,
176

medications for addiction to,
98
,
112
–13,
117
,
142
–43,
144

pregnancy and,
203
–4

prescription,
see
prescription painkillers

temperance movement and,
6

overdose:

marijuana and,
6
,
39

see also
deaths

oxycodone (OxyContin, Percocet),
7
,
60
,
75

painkillers,
see
prescription painkillers

paranoia,
79
–80

parasitosis,
78
–79

paroxetine (Paxil),
166
,
170

PCP,
136

Percocet (oxycodone),
7
,
60
,
75

PET scans,
50

Physician Health Program (PHP),
154

physicians,
14
,
27
,
45
,
97
,
106
,
109
,
122
,
131
–32,
152
,
213

treatment of addiction in,
154
–55

pregnancy,
194
–96

fetal alcohol syndrome and,
see
fetal alcohol syndrome, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

miscarriage and,
70
,
75

opiate addiction during,
203
–4

prescription drugs,
105

AA and NA attitudes toward,
13
,
160
–61

myths about,
37
–39

prescription painkillers,
ix
,
6
–7,
37
–39,
41
–43,
45
,
46
,
135
,
206

amount prescribed,
136

heroin and,
7
,
39
,
41
,
43
,
135
–38

myths about,
37
–39

Prescription Thugs,
209

prevention,
xiii
,
178
–79,
183
,
213

Proposition
47
,
211

Provigil,
117
,
128

Prozac,
166

psychedelics,
20
,
34

psychiatric problems,
73
–74

psychiatric realities,
145
–48

Psychiatry,
40

psychological therapy,
12
,
50
,
94
,
95
,
98
–102

psychosis,
159
,
162

Rosenhan's experiment on perception of,
186

PTSD,
169
–70

punishment,
29
–30,
181
–82

see also
criminalization; criminal justice system

quality of life,
15
,
114
–15,
142

Reagan, Nancy,
172

Reefer Madness,
172
,
208

rehab clinics, rehab industry,
ix
,
xiii
,
7
,
10
–13,
19
,
21
,
92
,
95
,
97
,
151
,
172
,
205
,
206
,
209
,
211