The Mafia Encyclopedia (55 page)

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Authors: Carl Sifakis

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Page 153
Cuba. As a result, Costello allowed his various capos considerable independence in running the rackets. Either because of this or despite it, more members of the family became millionaires than in any other Mafia group. Joe Valachi later said he knew of 40 or 50 members of the family who were millionaires. This and Costello's expertise at arranging the political fixfor which he was nicknamed "the Prime Minister"made him very popular with his capos and soldiers.
After World War II, Genovese was returned to the United States for trial on that old murder charge, but nothing came of it; a couple of well-timed murders eliminated the key witnesses against him. A tug of war developed between Costello and Genovese, with Costello yielding slowly. Little by little Genovese eroded Costello's power, and when Willie Moretti was murdered, Costello lost a lot of armed muscle that would have stood up for him. Costello shrewdly countered by goading the murderous Albert Anastasia into killing his own bosses in the Mangano familyVince and Phil Manganoand taking over. Anastasia now controlled more firepower than ever before and, being totally loyal to Costello, was the perfect foil for Genovese.
Six years elapsed before Genovese felt powerful enough to take on Costello once again. In 1957, he plotted an unsuccessful attempt on Costello's life. Later the same year, he was the key man behind the barbershop rubout of Anastasia. Genovese was assisted by Anastasia underling Carlo Gambino, who seized control of the Anastasia crime family, but then maneuvered against Genovese. Gambino conspired with Costello, Meyer Lansky and the exiled Luciano, all of whom had come to hate and fear Genovese's ambitions to become a new "boss of bosses."
Before their plans were implemented, Costello won approval from all the crime families to have the right to retire and keep his income. In exchange, Genovese won control of the old Luciano family. He didn't reign long. The Apalachin fiasco caused Genovese to lose face. Then the Gambino-Costello-Luciano-Lansky alliance finished him off by setting him up in a phony drug deal. Genovese was railroaded to prison for 15 years, where he died in 1969.
Although Genovese continued to rule his outfit from behind barsusing Jerry Catena or Tony Bender as his outside menhis power was waning. He used Bender to arrange a number of hits, but later, suspecting Bender had been in on the plot against him, ordered his elimination. After Catena retired to Florida with a heart condition, Genovese relied on Tommy Eboli as his outside man. Eboli was a man of action and not particularly adept at thinking independently. Slowly, the Genovese family lost its muscle, and the shrewd Gambino, up till then head of a relatively small crime group, gained in power and prestige until he had the foremost organization in the countryfar mightier than the outfit he had forcibly inherited from Anastasia.
From his cell Genovese cursed this turn of events, but could do nothing about it. Further weakened by the testimony given by Valachiwhich hurt him more than any other mafiosoGenovese was alternately criticized by mobsters for forcing Valachi to "rat" and for failing to eradicate him.
Gambino, much like Luciano in the 1930s, became the de facto boss of bosses. He decided he had to do something about the Genovese family, which was floundering under the inane rule of Ebolia man who was described by one mafioso as "not giving a damn if his boys were making out or starving."
Gambino arranged for Eboli's elimination in 1972. He replaced him with Frank "Funzi" Tieri, a close personal friend in the Genovese group and highly popular. Tieri brought the Genoveses back strong, while remaining a firm Gambino loyalist. With Gambino's death in 1976, Tieri reached his primacy and regained much of the esteem and power the crime family had enjoyed earlier. Tieri's name could invoke fear in mafiosi all around the country if there was an indication that he was in any way unhappy.
Overall, Tieri was happy except about the situation in Atlantic City, where casino gambling was legalized in 1976. Angelo Bruno, the longtime boss in Philadelphia, refused to give up control of the area. Allegedly, Tieri posted a $250,000 bounty on Bruno. In 1980, someone must have collected; Bruno was assassinated. Tieri's family and the Gambino crime group moved in.
When Tieri died in 1981, the fortunes of the family declined once again. Law enforcement officials weren't quite sure who ruled the Genoveses. Some said it was elderly Philip "Cockeyed Phil" Lombardo, while others named Fat Tony Salerno. The federal government, during the national commission prosecution in the mid 1980s, singled out Salerno.
Whoever held the reins, the Genovese crime family remained the second most powerful in the nation, with major muscle in gambling, narcotics, loan-sharking, and extortion rackets. The family also maintained considerable interest in waterfront activities in Brooklyn and New Jersey, New York's Times Square pornography business, labor unions, the carting industry, restaurants, seafood distributors and vending machines. Genovese membership was estimated at 200 in the late 1980s, with perhaps three times as many supporters who were not "made" mafiosi. In 1987 with Salerno under a 100-year sentence the active leadership of the family passed to Vinnie "the Chin" Gigante, who became famed for his ploy of walking the street in a bathrobe and mumbling to himself in an effort to
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appear mentally defective and unable to face prosecution. That act finally collapsed in 1997 when Gigante was imprisoned. The leadership of the family then passed to Dominick "Quiet Dom" Cirillo.
Giacalone, Diane (1950-): Federal prosecutor and Gotti's pet hate
An assistant U.S. attorney in Brooklyn, Diane Giacalone was the first to pursue John Gotti on RICO (1970 Racketeer-Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act) charges. It earned her the hatred of Gotti, but also the enmity of the FBI and the "Gambino squad," which had set their sights on the newly crowned head of the Gambino crime family.
Born in a middle-class Italian community in Ozone Park, Queens, the future domain of Gotti, Giacalone attended Our Lady of Wisdom, a Catholic parochial school for girls. On her way to school each day she passed several "social clubs" where men sat outside, seemingly with nothing to do and no job to go to. It was said that one of those clubs was the Bergin Hunt and Fish Club (where Gotti would later rule) and that there she suffered barrages of wise guy taunts that later inspired her to seek revenge by attacking Gotti.
The story may well be apocryphal, but regardless Giacalone went on to law school and became a federal prosecutor. To bring her case against Gotti, Giacalone battled the FBI whose agents had their own investigation going and felt they could do a better job. Some felt the FBI had "sandbagged" Giacalone and even that they "double-crossed" her. FBI men denied this, but the agency did pull its agents off her task force. Jules Bonavolonta, head of the FBI's Gambino squad, bitterly opposed Giacalone, later stating, "Diane Giacalone was an extraordinarily talented lawyer, but when it came to street smarts, even though she came from John Gotti's old neighborhood, she didn't have anynone."
The FBI task force objected to Giacalone on two main points: One, her case against Gotti was exceedingly weak, and two, she learned independently that one Willie Boy Johnson, a close pal and murder accomplice of Gotti, had been an FBI informer for many years (although he never implicated Gotti in anything). Giacalone figured that if she revealed his informer role, he would be forced to testify against Gotti. The FBI said he would never testify, but that the revelation would put his life at risk unnecessarily. (Later, after the trial in which Willie Boy refused to aid the prosecution, Gotti did indeed have him killed.)
At the time Giacalone remained adamant, even accusing the FBI of letting Willie Boy get away with murder and of being a virtual partner-in-crime with him.
Such comments were more than some agents could take. One irately said: "You know, if you were a man, I'd knock you on your ass."
It was the wrong thing to say to the female prosecutor. She bounded from behind her desk and put up her fists, saying, "Okay, let's go at it right now. C'mon!" There were no fisticuffs but Giacalone refused to back off the Gotti case.
As much trouble as the FBI gave her, the Gotti defense team gave her more. When she first brought the case, Gotti was outraged that his prosecutor was a woman. "I guarantee you no girl is ever gonna put us in jail," he snarled to associates. "We'll make her cry, we'll buy her jury. Whatever the fuck it takes, but, guaranteed, she'll never put us in jail."
It is doubtful if any prosecutor, male or female, was ever subjected to as much abuse as Giacalone was. Opposing counsel baited her throughout the trial, referring to her as the "Dragon Lady" and the "Lady in Red" because of her red attire. Gotti groupies in the spectator section sneered at her as "Little Red Riding Hood."
During a dispute with one lawyer, she pointed her finger at him and called him a liar. He responded, "Take your finger out of my face and stick it up your ass." Chief Gotti lawyer Bruce Cutler disparaged her with such comments as, "See if the tramp will give us an offer of proof." The judge simply could not control the outbursts.
As the FBI predicted, Giacalone could not successfully prove her case that Gotti had accepted as tribute a share in the loot some freelance crooks had taken in an armored car robbery. Without proof of that, the entire RICO charge collapsed.
During the trial Giacalone called no less than 78 witnesses, warning the jury that they were "horrible people.'' Unfortunately, many of these witnesses proved so horrible that the defense made mincemeat out of them by pointing out their own criminality. This was hardly surprising since the one person who knew everything they'd done was John Gotti. One witness even admitted he was there, as he declared, "to save his own ass" from prosecution. And he wasn't alone.
One admitted to pistol-whipping a priest and murdering three Florida drug dealers after making an agreement to testify against Gotti. After the defense was finished with him, he was asked what he thought of Gotti. "He is," he replied, "the finest man I ever met." Naturally, the jurors did not put much stock in his testimonysave perhaps for his final evaluation of the mob boss. Another admitted to two murders and drug trafficking and claimed he'd been allowed to keep illicit money upon his last arrest in return for testifying against Gotti.
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Giacalone was even forced to drop one witness she had planned to call. He was Matthew Traynor, a longtime friend of Gotti, a drug dealer, bank robber, and convicted perjurer. He was doing time for a bank robbery and sought to reduce sentence by testifying against Gotti. After preparing him to testify, Giacalone caught him in a lie and dropped him from the case.
Traynor then contacted the defense and offered to tell things about Giacalone. What he said shocked the courtroom. He testified that Giacalone had given him drugs so that he would lie about Gotti. He said he had often been stoned when they prepared his testimony. Once, Traynor said, he told Giacalone that he needed "to get laid," and she "gave me her panties out of her bottom drawer and told me to facilitate myself.... She said, 'Make do with these.' "
The angered prosecutor objected vehemently and brought 17 witnesses to rebut Traynor's testimony. However, it was clear the jury did not buy all the testimony meant to buttress Giacalone's reputation.
The verdict was a foregone conclusion. The discredited witnesses were a dream for the defense. Gotti and all his associates, even Willie Boy Johnson, were found not guilty on all counts. Amid the backslapping on the Gotti side, the crime boss, called out, "Shame on them," pointing at Giacalone and her co-prosecutor. "I'd like to see what the jury's verdict would be on those two."
Gotti strode out in triumph. It was the beginning of his sobriquet as the "Teflon Don," one against whom charges could not stick. Much later it was learned that one juror had been "reached" before the trial so that no verdict would have been possible in any case.
Certain memoirs by FBI people and others made it clear they were not unhappy with Giacalone's defeat. However, some prosecutors vowed to make Traynor pay for his lies, on the theory that, "Maybe Diane is a bitch, but she's
our
bitch." They confronted Traynor, and he admitted to perjury in exchange for a limited additional sentence of five years to be added to his bank robbery time.
Diane Giacalone kept whatever bitterness she felt to herself. Some time later she quit her prosecutor's post and moved on to a legal position with the local transit authority.
Giancana, Sam "Momo" (19081975): Syndicate leader
He was, a police report stated, "a snarling, sarcastic, ill-tempered, sadistic psychopath." That was a young Sam "Momo" Giancana, a man who would become for a time the most powerful Mafia boss west of the Mississippi. If he never was truly the most powerful (he was kept in check by the two most powerful "elders" in the Chicago Outfit, Paul "the Waiter'' Ricca and Tough Tony Accardo), Giancana qualified nonetheless as the most ruthless of the top bosses in organized crime. He was also perhaps the screwiest, originally nicknamed ''Mooney" because he was considered as nutty as a "mooner." (Giancana himself corrupted that into "Momo," which was a much safer moniker to use around him.)
Some observers saw Giancana's involvement in various CIA plots to assassinate Cuban Premier Fidel Castro as a sign of Giancana at his mooniest. There is considerable evidence that certain other leading mafiosi in that CIA madness were in it solely to milk funds out of the U.S. government, but Giancana was a firm believer in the viability of the caper. In another of his unstable moments Giancana was said to have put out a "contract" on Desi Arnaz because he produced the television show called
The Untouchables
, which glorified federal agent Eliot Ness and vilified, from Giancana's viewpoint, the Italian gangsters of the Capone mob. If a murder order was given to hit men to get Arnaz, it apparently was withdrawn. It is known that quite a few Giancana-ordered murder assignments were canceled by Ricca and Accardo.
Yet there is no doubt that Giancana brought about the deaths of scores of men; considering he bossed the Chicago Outfit, the most dog-eat-dog crime family in the country, the total could be in the hundreds. A graduate of the juvenile 42 Gang, probably the worst of its ilk in the Chicago of the 1920s, Giancana started his arrest record in 1925 and, through the years, was arrested more than 70 times. The charges included: contributing to delinquency, burglary, larceny, assault and battery, fugitive, damage by violence, assault to kill, conspiracy to operate a "book," possession of concealed weapons, suspicion of bombing, gambling, possession of a fictitious driver's license, and murder. The prime suspect in three murders before he was 20, he was indicted for one of these when he was 18, released on bail and then never tried when the key witness somehow got himself murdered. He did three prison terms early on, for auto theft, operation of an illegal still, and burglary.
Like other members of the 42 Gang, Giancana's greatest wish was to be noticed by the Capone mobsters, who used some of the 42 boys for minor chores such as stealing a car when one was needed for a job. Giancana captured the most attention because he was an excellent "wheel man" who considered no obstruction too large when he was driving, especially in making an escape from the scene of a crime. Eventually, Giancana came under the wing of Tony Accardo and Paul Ricca, serving both at times as chauffeur. Ricca especially was impressed by Giancana's bearingthat

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