The Senate Intelligence Committee Report on Torture: Committee Study of the Central Intelligence Agency's Detention and Interrogation Program (123 page)

2352.
Letter to John A. Rizzo, Acting General Counsel, CIA; from Daniel Levin, September 6, 2004 (DTS #2009-1810, Tab 7); Letter to John A. Rizzo, Acting General Counsel, CIA; from Daniel Levin, September 20, 2004 (DTS #2009-1810, Tab 8).

2353.
█████ 1411 (██████ 04).

2354.
[REDACTED] 3221 ████████; [REDACTED] 3242 (██████ 04).

2355.
Letter from ███████, Associate General Counsel, CIA, to Steve Bradbury, Acting Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 4, 2005. Multiple interrogation plans for CIA detainees called for “uncomfortably” cool temperatures along with sleep deprivation.
See
█████ 10361 ████████; █████████ 1758 ███████; █████ 10654 (030904Z MAR 03).

2356.
Letter from ██████, Associate General Counsel, CIA, to Steve Bradbury, Acting Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 4, 2005. The CIA had subjected detainees to cold water baths during periods of sleep deprivation. As a CIA psychologist noted, “I heard [Abu Hudhaifa] gasp out loud several times as he was placed in the tub.” (
See
email from: [REDACTED]; to: [REDACTED]; subject: Memo; date: March 15, 2004.) The inspector general later reported that, as a result of being bathed in ice water, Abu Hudhaifa was “shivering” and interrogators were concerned about his body temperature dropping (2005-8085-IG, at 12). See
also
███████████ 42025 ██████.

2357.
Letter from ██████, Associate General Counsel, CIA, to Steve Bradbury, Acting Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 4, 2005. Numerous detainees subjected to standing sleep deprivation suffered from edema. (
See
█████████ 34098 ████████; █████ (12502 (011309Z AUG 03); ██████████ 40847 (251619Z JUN 03); ███████████ 1246 (171946Z AUG 03); ████ 10492 (161529Z FEB 03); █████ 10429 (101215Z FEB 03) █████ 10909 (201918Z MAR 03); ██████████ 42206 (191513Z JUL 03).) Detainees sometimes complained of pain and swelling in their lower extremities. (See, for example, █████ 2615 (201528Z AUG 07); █████ 2619 (211349Z AUG 07); █████ 2620 (221303Z AUG 07); █████ 2623 (231234Z AUG 07); █████ 2629 (251637Z AUG 07); █████ 2642 (271341Z AUG 07); █████ 2643 (271856Z AUG 07).) As noted, standing sleep deprivation was not always discontinued with the onset of edema.

2358.
Letter from ███████, Associate General Counsel, CIA, to Steve Bradbury, Acting Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 4, 2005.

2359.
Letter from ███████, Associate General Counsel, CIA, to Steve Bradbury, Acting Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 4, 2005.

2360.
See, for example, █████ 10536 (151006Z JULY 02); ALEC ████ (182321Z JUL 02); █████ 10647 (201331Z AUG 02); █████ 10618 (121448Z AUG 02), ███ 10679 (250932Z AUG 02); DIRECTOR ████ █████ MAY 03); ██████████ 37754 ████████; ██████████ 38161 (131326Z MAY 03); DIRECTOR ████ █████ MAY 03); DIRECTOR ████ █████ MAY 03;██████████ 34098 ███████; █████████ 34294 ███████; █████████ 34310 ███████.
See also
detainee reports and reviews in Volume III.

2361.
On April 11, 2005, after reviewing a draft OLC opinion, OMS personnel wrote a memorandum for ████████ that stated, “[s]imply put, OMS is not in the business of saying what is acceptable in causing discomfort to other human beings, and will not take on that burden . . . . OMS did not review or vet these techniques prior to their introduction, but rather came into this program with the understanding of your office and DOJ that they were already determined as legal, permitted and safe. We
See
this current iteration [of the OLC memorandum] as a reversal of that sequence, and a relocation of those decisions to OMS. If this is the case, that OMS has now the responsibility for determining a procedure’s legality through its determination of safety, then we will need to review all procedures in that light given this new responsibility.”
See
email from: █████████; to ██████; cc: [REDACTED], ███████, ███████, ██████████, ███████, ███████; subject: 8 April Draft Opinion from DOJ – OMS Concerns; date: April 11, 2005, at 10:12 AM.

2362.
The OLC was, at the time, analyzing the legality of 13 techniques, including the 10 techniques outlined in the OLC’s August 1, 2002, memorandum, and additional techniques for which the CIA sought OLC approval in 2004.

2363.
Letter from ████████, Associate General Counsel, CIA, to Steve Bradbury, Acting Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 4, 2005.

2364.
Memorandum for John A. Rizzo, Senior Deputy General Counsel, Central Intelligence Agency, from Steven G. Bradbury, Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 10, 2005, Re: Application of 18 U.S.C. Sections 2340-2340A to Certain Techniques That May be Used in the Interrogation of a High Value al Qaeda Detainee (DTS #2009-1810, Tab 9); Memorandum for John A. Rizzo, Senior Deputy General Counsel, Central Intelligence Agency, from Steven G. Bradbury, Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 10, 2005, Re: Application of 18 U.S.C. Sections 2340-2340A to the Combined Use of Certain Techniques in the Interrogation of High Value al Qaeda Detainees (DTS #2009-1810, Tab 10).

2365.
Memorandum for John A. Rizzo, Senior Deputy General Counsel, Central Intelligence Agency, from Steven G. Bradbury, Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 30, 2005, Re: Application of United States Obligations Under Article 16 of the Convention Against Torture to Certain Techniques that May be Used in the Interrogation of High Value Al Qaeda Detainees (DTS #2009-1810, Tab 11).

2366.
All of these assertions were inaccurate.
See
Volume III for examples of CIA detainees being immediately subjected to the CIA’s enhanced interrogation techniques, including ██████████ 34491 (051400Z MAR 03). See
also
Volume III for details on other interrogations in 2003, when at least six detainees that year were stripped and shackled, nude, in the standing stress position for sleep deprivation or subjected to other enhanced interrogation techniques prior to being questioned. They included Asadullah (DIRECTOR ████ (█████ FEB 03)); Abu Yasir al-Jaza’iri ███████████ 35558 (█████ MAR 03)); Suleiman Abdullah ███████████ 35787 (█████ MAR 03)); ██████████ 36023 (█████ APR 03)); Abu Hudhaifa (██████████ 38576 █████ MAY 03)); Hambali █████████ 1241 ███████; and Majid Khan (███████ 46471 (241242Z MAY 03), ██████████ 39077 (271719Z MAY 03)).

2367.
Letter from █████ CTC Legal ██████ to Acting Assistant Attorney General Levin, December 30, 2004 (DTS #2009-1809). See, for example, ██████████ 31118 ████████; ██████████, 31429 (161303Z DEC 02); █████ 10006 (070902Z DEC 02); [REDACTED] 33962 (211724Z FEB 03); ████████ 34031 (231242Z FEB 03); ██████████ 34575 ███████; ██████████ 34354 █████ MAR 03); DIRECTOR ████ █████ MAR 03). Email to: ███████; from: [REDACTED]; subject: Medical Evaluation/Update ███ (047); date: March █, 2004. Email to ███████; from: [REDACTED]; subject: Medical Evaluation/Update ███ (047); date: March 8, 2004. Email to: ██████; from: [REDACTED]; subject: Medical Evaluation/Update ███ (047); date: March 9, 2004. █████ 2347 (300624Z MAY 05); █████ 1797 (021612Z DEC 05).

2368.
See, for example, █████ 10909 (201918Z MAR 03); █████ 2622 (230851Z AUG 07).

2369.
According to a CIA cable, cells at DETENTION SITE COBALT were “blacked out at all times using curtains plus painted exterior windows. And double doors. The lights are never turned on.” (
See
██████████ 28246 ████████.) Upon finding Ramzi bin al-Shibh “cowering in the corner, shivering” when the light in his cell burned out, interrogators decided to use darkness as an interrogation technique. He was then placed in sleep deprivation “standing, shackled feet and hands, with hands over his head, naked, in total darkness.”
See
██████ 10521 (191750Z FEB 03); █████ 10525 (200840Z FEB 03).

2370.
████████ interview of ████████ [CIA OFFICER 1], December 19, 2002. CIA Interrogation Program Draft Course Materials, March 11, 2003, p. 28. CTC/RDG Interrogation Program, December 15, 2003. DIRECTOR ████ (251609Z JUL 02). See
also
“Standard Interrogation Techniques,” attachment to email from: ██████; to: Scott W. Muller, John Rizzo, [REDACTED], ███████; subject: revised interrogation discussion; date: July 19, 2004.

2371.
Letter from █████ CTC Legal ███████ to Acting Assistant Attorney General Levin, December 30, 2004 (DTS #2009-1809).

2372.
Memorandum for John A. Rizzo, Senior Deputy General Counsel, Central Intelligence Agency, from Steven G. Bradbury, Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 10, 2005, Re: Application of 18 U.S.C. Sections 2340-2340A to Certain Techniques That May be Used in the Interrogation of a High Value al Qaeda Detainee (DTS #2009-1810, Tab 9); Memorandum for John A. Rizzo, Senior Deputy General Counsel, Central Intelligence Agency, from Steven G. Bradbury, Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 10, 2005, Re: Application of 18 U.S.C. Sections 2340-2340A to the Combined Use of Certain Techniques in the Interrogation of High Value al Qaeda Detainees (DTS #2009-1810, Tab 10); Memorandum for John A. Rizzo, Senior Deputy General Counsel, Central Intelligence Agency, from Steven G. Bradbury, Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 30, 2005, Re: Application of United States Obligations Under Article 16 of the Convention Against Torture to Certain Techniques that May be Used in the Interrogation of High Value Al Qaeda Detainees (DTS #2009-1810, Tab 11).

2373.
██████ 10643 █████ AUG 02); ██████ 10644 (201235Z AUG 02).

2374.
See
email from: ████████; to: █████████; cc: ███████████; subject: More; date: April 10, 2003, at 5:59: 27 PM.

2375.
█████████ 10644 (201235Z AUG 02); email from: [REDACTED]; to: █████████████ and [REDACTED]; subject: Re: So it begins; date: August 4, 2002, at 09:45:09 AM; ███████ 10803 (131929Z MAR 03).

2376.
See
Abu Zubaydah and KSM detainee reviews in Volume III, including ███████████ 10803 (131929Z MAR 03).
See
email from: █████████████, OMS; to: ██████ and [REDACTED]; subject: Re: Departure; date: March 6, 2003, at 7:11:59 PM; email from: █████████████, OMS; to [REDACTED] and [REDACTED]; subject: Re: Acceptable lower ambient temperatures; date: March 7, 2003, at 8:22 PM; email from ███████████, OMS: to: [REDACTED] and [REDACTED]; subject: Re: Talking Points for review and comment; date: August 13, 2004, at 10:22 AM; email from: ███████████ to: [REDACTED], [REDACTED], [REDACTED], [REDACTED], and [REDACTED]; subject: Re: Discussion with Dan Levin- AZ; date: October 26, 2004, at 6:09 PM.

2377.
Letter from ████████ CTC Legal ███████████ to Acting Assistant Attorney General Dan Levin, August 19, 2004 (DTS# 2009-1809). The OLC, having been informed by the CIA that 40 seconds was the maximum length of a single waterboard application, noted that “you have informed us that this maximum has rarely been reached.” This is inaccurate. KSM was subjected to 40-second exposure at least 19 times.

2378.
Memorandum for John A. Rizzo, Senior Deputy General Counsel, Central Intelligence Agency, from Steven G. Bradbury, Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Counsel, May 10, 2005, Re: Application of 18 U.S.C. Sections 2340-2340A to Certain Techniques That May be Used in the Integration of a High Value al Qaeda Detainee (DTS #2009-1810, Tab 9). As described in this summary, when ███████ CTC Legal, █████████████ insisted that CTC Legal vet and review the background of CIA personnel involved in the CIA’s interrogations, he directly linked this review to the legality of the CIA’s enhanced interrogation techniques. ████████ wrote: “we will be forced to DISapprove [sic] the participation of specific personnel in the use of enhanced techniques unless we have ourselves vetted them and are satisfied with their qualifications and suitability for what are clearly unusual measures that are lawful only when practiced correctly by personnel whose records clearly demonstrate their suitability for that role.” The chief of CTC, Jose Rodriguez, objected to this proposal.
See
email from: ██████████, ██CTC/LGL; to: [REDACTED]; cc: Jose Rodriguez, [REDACTED], [REDACTED], ██████████; subject: EYES ONLY; date: November ██, 2002, at 03:13:01 PM; email from: Jose Rodriguez, to ██████████, ██CTC/LGL; cc: [REDACTED],[REDACTED], [REDACTED], [REDACTED], ██████████; subject: EYES ONLY; date: November ██, 2002, at 04:27 PM.

2379.
The training to conduct the CIA’s enhanced interrogation techniques required only approximately 65 hours of classroom and operational instruction. December 4, 2002, Training Report, High Value Target Interrogation and Exploitation (HVTIE) Training Seminar 12-18 Nov 02 (pilot running).

2380.
Among other abuses. ████████ “Russian Roulette” with a detainee. (
See
Memorandum for Chief, Staff and Operations Branch from [REDACTED], ████████████ April 3, 1980, subject: ████████; ████████ 1984, Memorandum for Inspector General from [REDACTED], Inspector, via Deputy Inspector General, re ████████, IG-██84.) [CIA OFFICER 2], who threatened ‘Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri with a gun and power drill, ███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████. He was sent home short of tour twice—once for ███████████████ and again, a few months before interrogating al-Nashiri, for engaging in █████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████[REDACTED]███████████████████████████████████████████████ 91638 ███████████████████████, from [REDACTED], ██████████████████████████████████████60500████████████; DIRECTOR ██████ ██████████; █████████████ 59478 ██████████████: ███████████████ 59479 █████████████████████████████████████ [REDACTED] ██████████████████████ [REDACTED] ███████████████████████████.)
See also
Report to CIA Headquarters, ██████████ [REDACTED] █████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████[REDACTED], ██████████████████████████████████████████████████████████, by [REDACTED] ████████████████████████████[REDACTED], ██████████████████████████████████████
See
email from: [REDACTED]; to [REDACTED], [REDACTED], [REDACTED], and [REDACTED]; subject: ███████████████████████[REDACTED] ████████████████████████████████████████[REDACTED] ██████████████████████████████. For more information,
See
Volume III.