The War Against Boys (42 page)

zero-tolerance policies and,
2
,
8
,
40
,
45
–49,
60
–62,
174
,
186
,
190
,
198

divorce rates,
86

dodgeball,
40
,
44

dolls,
64
,
65
,
66
,
68
–70,
72
,
90

domestic violence,
54
,
220
n

Dowd, Maureen,
204

Downes, Peter,
152

Drexler, Melissa,
135

drop out rates,
14
,
160
,
161
,
211
n

DSM-IV,
131
,
231
n
,
232
n

Duncan, Arne,
10
,
163

Economist,
152

Edelman, Marian Wright,
191

education,
126
,
148
–71

anti-competition movement in,
2
,
40
–41,
44
,
45
,
149
,
150

antiharassment measures in,
55
–56,
60
–62,
203

British and Australian “boy-friendly” initiatives in,
2
,
150
–56,
158
,
159
,
170
–71

“call-out” gap in,
102
,
210
n
,
227
n

cooperative learning in,
41
,
55
–56,
150
,
152
,
157
,
159

discipline and structure as beneficial in,
148
–49,
150
,
152
,
153
,
154
,
155
,
171
,
173
–74,
181
,
182
,
191
,
193
,
194
–95,
197

gender-bias studies on,
11
,
12
,
100
,
101
–3,
210
n
,
227
n

gender gap in,
see
gender gap

gifted-and-talented programs in,
167
,
168
,
169
–70

girl-crisis movement in,
11
–12,
16
,
17
–18,
29
,
35
,
37
,
76
,
78
,
92
,
101
–3,
155
,
157
,
231
n
–32
n

male teachers in,
85
,
153
,
155
,
223
n

male underachievement as ignored in,
2
,
3
,
16
,
28
–29,
34
–35,
38
,
126
,
151
,
155
,
157
,
159
,
165
–66

moral,
see
morality, moral reasoning

professional schools in,
19
–20

pro-girl legislative reforms in,
11
,
29
,
60
,
92
,
102
–3,
106
,
163
–66,
170
,
171

progressive approaches in,
see
progressive education

racial and social class inequities in,
21
,
23
–24

resocialization of play behavior in,
44
,
55
–56,
63
,
65
–70,
201
–2

self-esteem movement in,
11
,
12
,
40
–41,
76
,
139
–40,
145
–46,
181
,
184
,
194
,
231
n
,
232
n

single-sex schooling in,
1
,
2
,
4
–5,
19
,
81
–88,
152
–54,
171

teachers' assessments in,
36
–38,
37

testing gap in,
15
–16,
17
–18,
35
–36

vocational schools in,
1
,
7
–11,
27
,
33
,
38
,
159
,
160
–67,
170
,
171

“women-centered” pedagogy in,
76
–79,
156
,
199

zero-tolerance policies in,
2
,
40
,
45
–49,
50
,
51
,
60
–62,
63
,
174
,
186
,
190
,
198

see also
specific subjects and levels of schooling

Educational Experience of Young Men of Color, The
(College Board report),
24

Education Department, Minnesota,
54
–55

Education Department, New York City,
8
,
45
,
46

Education Department, US (DOE),
8
,
14
–15,
17
,
17
,
19
,
24
–25,
36
,
56
,
57
,
65
,
66
,
67
,
70
,
85
,
90
,
156
,
163
,
165
,
166
,
167
,
171
,
192
,
193
,
213
n
,
222
n

Gender Equity in Education
report of,
34
–35,
38

National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) of,
12
,
13
,
14
,
17
,
47

Office for Civil Rights at,
34

Office of Educational Research and Improvement at,
67

Trends in Educational Equity
report of,
11
–14,
17
–18,
20
,
35
,
105

Education Week,
84
,
101
,
113
,
121
,
189

elementary schools,
36
,
100
,
102
,
156
,
176

antiharassment measures in,
55
–56,
60
–61

character education in,
191
,
194

competitive and aggressive games discouraged in,
40
–41,
44
,
45
,
55
–56,
63

decline of recess in,
2
,
43
–45

resocialization of play behavior in,
66
–70

teachers' assessments in,
36
–38,
37

Eliot, Lise,
72

Embry Riddle Aeronautical,
167

Emma Willard School,
92
,
93

emotional disengagement,
116
,
139
–44,
145

Gilligan's theory on,
117
–20,
121
,
122
–23,
126
,
139
,
140

potential benefits of,
142
,
143

“reconnection” efforts to reverse trend of,
139
–40,
141
–42,
143
–44,
145
,
146

in religious teachings,
143
–44

England,
see
Great Britain

Epictetus,
194

Ethical Choices: Individual Voices
(TV program),
180
–81

Eton,
84

Everett Middle School,
77
–79

Explorer Scouts,
64

expulsions,
42
,
46
,
61
,
198

extracurricular activities,
13
,
14
,
105

Failing at Fairness
(Sadker and Sadker),
68
–69,
97

Fallon Park Elementary School,
191

Faludi, Susan,
137
–38,
139
,
175
,
179

Family Violence Prevention Fund,
54

Fashion Industry High School,
27

Fatherless America
(Blankenhorn),
120
–21

fathers, absence of,
120
–21,
122

FBI,
58
,
59
,
220
n

Feiner, Susan,
27
–28

Feminine Mystique, The
(Friedan),
28

feminism, feminists,
3
,
9
,
33
–34,
61
,
75
,
77
,
86
,
106
–7,
113
,
179

as critical of research on sex differences,
80
,
81

“difference,”
108
,
112

distortion of facts by,
57
–60,
86
–87

mothering sons as offering insights to,
201
–3

see also
women's lobbying groups

First Amendment,
185

Fisk University,
24
,
213
n

Fogelman, Stephen,
60

Fonda, Jane,
107
,
228
n

Ford, Jack,
134
–35

Fortas, Abe,
185
,
186

Franklin Elementary School,
40

Fraser, Alison,
162
–63,
164

Freud, Sigmund,
144
,
232
n
–33
n

Friedan, Betty,
28
,
175
,
176
,
178
,
179

Froebel, Friedrich,
158

Galston, William,
120

Galyan, Deborah,
201
–2

Galyan, Dylan,
201
–2

Geary, David,
74

Gender, Race, and Student Achievement conference,
103
–4

gender-equity activists,
56
–60,
199

gender identity formation as viewed by,
65
–68,
70
–73

legal action and lawsuits filed by,
9
–11,
64
,
82
,
88
,
90
,
164

questionable research methodologies and findings of,
86
–87,
92
,
93
,
94
,
95
,
98
,
101
–2,
104
,
105
,
106
–7,
108
–13,
114
,
115
,
119
,
123

resocialization movement of,
see
resocialization movement

traditional masculinity viewed as predatory by,
40
,
53
–54,
56
–57,
58
,
59
,
60
,
73
,
175
,
176
,
203
,
238
n

see also
women's lobbying groups

Gender Equity for Educators, Parents,
and Community
(WEEA guide),
66
–67

Gender Equity for Girls and Boys: A Conference for K-12 Teachers and Administrators,
65
–66

Gender Equity in Education
(DOE report),
34
–35,
38

Gender Equity in Education Act (1993),
11
,
29
,
103
,
106

gender gap,
1
–2,
12
–24,
35
,
92
,
102
,
126
,
156
,
197
,
211
n

in academic engagement,
14
,
16
,
34
,
35
,
105
,
154
,
159
,
160

in Advanced Placement courses,
13
,
24
,
35

“boy-friendly” pedagogy in addressing of,
1
,
4
,
19
,
33
,
38
,
81
,
88
,
150
–56,
157
,
159
,
170
–71

as crossing racial and class lines,
24
–25,
27
,
36
,
154

in developmental assets,
104
–5

in extracurricular activities,
13
,
14
,
105

in gifted-and-talented programs,
167
,
168
,
169
–70

in grade performance,
12
,
13
,
14
,
36
,
37
–38,
105
,
210
n
–11
n

in higher education,
13
,
14
,
16
–17,
17
,
18
,
19
–20,
22
–23,
23
,
24
,
27
–28,
29
–30,
30
,
31
,
34
,
35
,
38
,
104
,
165
,
213
n