Washington: A Life (181 page)
Read Washington: A Life Online
Authors: Ron Chernow
Ketchum, Richard M.
Victory at Yorktown: The Campaign That Won the Revolution
. New York: Henry Holt, 2004.
Victory at Yorktown: The Campaign That Won the Revolution
. New York: Henry Holt, 2004.
Kohn, Richard H.
Eagle and Sword: The Federalists and the Creation of the Military Establishment in America, 1783-1802
. New York: Free Press, 1975.
Eagle and Sword: The Federalists and the Creation of the Military Establishment in America, 1783-1802
. New York: Free Press, 1975.
Lee, Jean B.
Experiencing Mount Vernon: Eyewitness Accounts, 1784-1865
. Charlottesville and London: University of Virginia Press, 2006.
Experiencing Mount Vernon: Eyewitness Accounts, 1784-1865
. Charlottesville and London: University of Virginia Press, 2006.
Leibiger, Stuart.
Founding Friendship: George Washington, James Madison, and the Creation of the American Republic.
Reprint, Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2001.
Founding Friendship: George Washington, James Madison, and the Creation of the American Republic.
Reprint, Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2001.
Lengel, Edward G.
General George Washington: A Military Life
. New York: Random House, 2005.
General George Washington: A Military Life
. New York: Random House, 2005.
Longmore, Paul K.
The Invention of George Washington
. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.
The Invention of George Washington
. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.
Lossing, Benson J.
Martha Washington
. New York: J. C. Buttre, 1861.
Martha Washington
. New York: J. C. Buttre, 1861.
McCammant, Wallace.
George Washington the Mason.
N.p.: Kessinger Publishing, n.d.
George Washington the Mason.
N.p.: Kessinger Publishing, n.d.
McCullough, David.
John Adams.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001.
John Adams.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001.
———.
1776.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005.
1776.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 2005.
McDonald, Forrest.
The Presidency of George Washington
. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1974.
The Presidency of George Washington
. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1974.
Maclay, William.
The Diary of William Maclay and Other Notes on Senate Debates.
Edited by Kenneth R. Bowling and Helen E. Veit. Reprint, Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988.
The Diary of William Maclay and Other Notes on Senate Debates.
Edited by Kenneth R. Bowling and Helen E. Veit. Reprint, Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988.
McVickar, John.
A Domestic Narrative of the Life of Samuel Bard, M.D.
New York: A. Paul, 1822.
A Domestic Narrative of the Life of Samuel Bard, M.D.
New York: A. Paul, 1822.
Malone, Dumas.
Jefferson and His Time.
Vol. 3,
Jefferson and the Ordeal of Liberty
. Boston: Little, Brown, 1962.
Jefferson and His Time.
Vol. 3,
Jefferson and the Ordeal of Liberty
. Boston: Little, Brown, 1962.
Marshall, John.
The Life of George Washington
. Reprint, Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2000.
The Life of George Washington
. Reprint, Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2000.
Martin, Joseph Plumb.
Private Yankee Doodle: Being a Narrative of Some of the Adventures, Dangers and Sufferings of a Revolutionary Soldier
. Edited by George E. Scheer. Reprint, N.p.: Eastern National, 2006.
Private Yankee Doodle: Being a Narrative of Some of the Adventures, Dangers and Sufferings of a Revolutionary Soldier
. Edited by George E. Scheer. Reprint, N.p.: Eastern National, 2006.
Maxey, David W.
A Portrait of Elizabeth Willing Powel
. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 2006.
A Portrait of Elizabeth Willing Powel
. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 2006.
Middlekauff, Robert.
The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763-1789
. Reprint, New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763-1789
. Reprint, New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.
Miles, Ellen G.
George and Martha Washington: Portraits from the Presidential Years.
Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, National Portrait Gallery, in association with the University Press of Virginia, 1999.
George and Martha Washington: Portraits from the Presidential Years.
Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, National Portrait Gallery, in association with the University Press of Virginia, 1999.
Monroe, James.
A View of the Conduct of the Executive in the Foreign Affairs of the United States, Connected with the Mission to the French Republic During the Years 1794, 5, & 6.
Philadelphia: Benjamin Franklin Bache, 1797. (George Washington’s personal copy in the Houghton Library, Harvard University.)
A View of the Conduct of the Executive in the Foreign Affairs of the United States, Connected with the Mission to the French Republic During the Years 1794, 5, & 6.
Philadelphia: Benjamin Franklin Bache, 1797. (George Washington’s personal copy in the Houghton Library, Harvard University.)
Morgan, Edmund S.
The Genius of George Washington
. New York: W. W. Norton, 1980.
The Genius of George Washington
. New York: W. W. Norton, 1980.
———. American Heroes: Profiles of Men and Women Who Shaped Early America
. New York: W. W. Norton, 2009.
. New York: W. W. Norton, 2009.
Nelson, Craig.
Thomas Paine: Enlightenment, Revolution, and the Birth of Modern Nations
. New York: Viking, 2006.
Thomas Paine: Enlightenment, Revolution, and the Birth of Modern Nations
. New York: Viking, 2006.
Paine, Thomas.
The Complete Writings of Thomas Paine.
Vol. 2. Edited by Phillip S. Foner. New York: Citadel Press, 1945.
The Complete Writings of Thomas Paine.
Vol. 2. Edited by Phillip S. Foner. New York: Citadel Press, 1945.
Palmer, Dave R.
George Washington and Benedict Arnold: A Tale of Two Patriots
. Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 2006.
George Washington and Benedict Arnold: A Tale of Two Patriots
. Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 2006.
Puls, Mark.
Samuel Adams: Father of the American Revolution
. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
Samuel Adams: Father of the American Revolution
. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
Rakove, Jack N.
Original Meanings: Politics and Ideas in the Making of the Constitution.
New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1996.
Original Meanings: Politics and Ideas in the Making of the Constitution.
New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1996.
Ramsay, David.
The Life of George Washington
. London: T. Cadell & W. Davies, 1807.
The Life of George Washington
. London: T. Cadell & W. Davies, 1807.
Randolph, Edmund.
A Vindication of Edmund Randolph
. Richmond: Charles H. Wynne, 1855.
A Vindication of Edmund Randolph
. Richmond: Charles H. Wynne, 1855.
Randolph, John [Supposed author of forgeries].
Epistles domestic, confidential, and official from General Washington
. New York: G. Robinson & J. Pull, 1796.
Epistles domestic, confidential, and official from General Washington
. New York: G. Robinson & J. Pull, 1796.
Reardon, John J.
Edmund Randolph: A Biography.
New York: Macmillan, 1974.
Edmund Randolph: A Biography.
New York: Macmillan, 1974.
Rosenfeld, Richard N.
American Aurora: A Democratic Republican Returns
. New York: St. Martin’s / Griffin, 1997.
American Aurora: A Democratic Republican Returns
. New York: St. Martin’s / Griffin, 1997.
Schama, Simon.
Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1989.
Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1989.
Schecter, Barnet.
The Battle for New York: The City at the Heart of the American Revolution
. New York: Walker, 2002.
The Battle for New York: The City at the Heart of the American Revolution
. New York: Walker, 2002.
Schiff, Stacy.
A Great Improvisation: Franklin, France, and the Birth of America
. New York: Henry Holt, 2005.
A Great Improvisation: Franklin, France, and the Birth of America
. New York: Henry Holt, 2005.
Schutz, John A., and Douglass Adair, eds.
The Spur of Fame: Dialogues of John Adams and Benjamin Rush, 1805-1813
. San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1966.
The Spur of Fame: Dialogues of John Adams and Benjamin Rush, 1805-1813
. San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1966.
Schwarz, Philip J., ed.
Slavery at the Home of George Washington
. Mount Vernon, Va.: Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association, 2002.
Slavery at the Home of George Washington
. Mount Vernon, Va.: Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association, 2002.
Smith, Jean Edward.
John Marshall: Definer of a Nation
. Reprint, New York: Henry Holt, 1996.
John Marshall: Definer of a Nation
. Reprint, New York: Henry Holt, 1996.
Smith, John Cotton.
The Correspondence and Miscellanies of the Hon. John Cotton Smith, LLD.
New York: Harper & Brothers, 1847.
The Correspondence and Miscellanies of the Hon. John Cotton Smith, LLD.
New York: Harper & Brothers, 1847.
Smith, Richard Norton.
Patriarch: George Washington and the New American Nation
. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1993.
Patriarch: George Washington and the New American Nation
. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1993.
Stahr, Walter.
John Jay: Founding Father
. New York and London: Hambledon & London, 2005.
John Jay: Founding Father
. New York and London: Hambledon & London, 2005.
Stephenson, Michael.
Patriot Battles: How the War of Independence Was Fought.
New York: HarperCollins, 2007.
Patriot Battles: How the War of Independence Was Fought.
New York: HarperCollins, 2007.
Stoll, Ira.
Samuel Adams: A Life
. New York: Free Press, 2008.
Samuel Adams: A Life
. New York: Free Press, 2008.
Sullivan, William.
The Public Men of the Revolution
. Philadelphia: Carey & Hart, 1847.
The Public Men of the Revolution
. Philadelphia: Carey & Hart, 1847.
Thompson, Mary V.
“In the Hands of a Good Providence”: Religion in the Life of George Washington
. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2008.
“In the Hands of a Good Providence”: Religion in the Life of George Washington
. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2008.
———, ed.
Memorandum for the Martha Washington Anniversary Committee
. Compiled for Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association between 7/31/2001 and 4/7/2008. Typescript at Mount Vernon Library.
Memorandum for the Martha Washington Anniversary Committee
. Compiled for Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association between 7/31/2001 and 4/7/2008. Typescript at Mount Vernon Library.
———, ed.
Statements Regarding the Physical Appearance, Traits and Personal Characteristics of George Washington (1732-1799).
Compiled for Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association between 1/31/2005 and 2/5/2008. Typescript at Mount Vernon Library.
Statements Regarding the Physical Appearance, Traits and Personal Characteristics of George Washington (1732-1799).
Compiled for Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association between 1/31/2005 and 2/5/2008. Typescript at Mount Vernon Library.
Trumbull, John.
The Autobiography of Colonel John Trumbull
. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1958.
The Autobiography of Colonel John Trumbull
. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1958.
Unger, Harlow Giles.
Lafayette
. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, 2002.
Lafayette
. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, 2002.
———.
The Unexpected George Washington: His Private Life
. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, 2006.
The Unexpected George Washington: His Private Life
. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, 2006.
Van Doren, Carl.
Benjamin Franklin
. New York: Viking Press, 1938.
Benjamin Franklin
. New York: Viking Press, 1938.
Washington, George.
George Washington, Writings
. Edited by John Rhodehamel. New York: Library of America, 1997.
George Washington, Writings
. Edited by John Rhodehamel. New York: Library of America, 1997.
———. George Washington’s Diaries: An Abridgment
. Edited by Dorothy Twohig. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1999.
. Edited by Dorothy Twohig. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 1999.
Weber, Caroline.
Queen of Fashion: What Marie Antoinette Wore to the Revolution
. Reprint: New York: Picador / Henry Holt, 2006.
Queen of Fashion: What Marie Antoinette Wore to the Revolution
. Reprint: New York: Picador / Henry Holt, 2006.
Weems, Mason L.
The Life of Washington
. Reprint, Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1962.
The Life of Washington
. Reprint, Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1962.
Weintraub, Stanley.
General Washington’s Christmas Farewell: A Mount Vernon Homecoming, 1783.
New York: Penguin Group, 2004.
General Washington’s Christmas Farewell: A Mount Vernon Homecoming, 1783.
New York: Penguin Group, 2004.
Wiencek, Henry.
An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America.
New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2003.
An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America.
New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2003.
Wilentz, Sean.
The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln
. New York: W. W. Norton, 2005.
The Rise of American Democracy: Jefferson to Lincoln
. New York: W. W. Norton, 2005.
Wills, Garry.
Cincinnatus: George Washington and the Enlightenment
. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1984.
Cincinnatus: George Washington and the Enlightenment
. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1984.
Winik, Jay.
The Great Upheaval: America and the Birth of the Modern World, 1788-1800.
New York: HarperCollins, 2007.
The Great Upheaval: America and the Birth of the Modern World, 1788-1800.
New York: HarperCollins, 2007.
Wood, Gordon S.
Revolutionary Characters: What Made the Founders Different
. New York: Penguin Press, 2006.
Revolutionary Characters: What Made the Founders Different
. New York: Penguin Press, 2006.
———.
Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789-1815.
New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789-1815.
New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
Zimmerman, Jean.
The Women of the House: How a Colonial She-Merchant Built a Mansion, a Fortune, and a Dynasty
. Orlando, Fla.: Harcourt, 2006.
ARTICLESThe Women of the House: How a Colonial She-Merchant Built a Mansion, a Fortune, and a Dynasty
. Orlando, Fla.: Harcourt, 2006.
Abbot, W. W. “An Uncommon Awareness of Self: The Papers of George Washington.”
Prologue: Quarterly of the National Archives,
Spring 1989.
Prologue: Quarterly of the National Archives,
Spring 1989.
Anderson, Fred W. “The Hinge of the Revolution: George Washington Confronts a People’s Army, July 3, 1775.”
Massachusetts Historical Review
1 (1999).
Massachusetts Historical Review
1 (1999).
———. “The Lost Founders.”
New York Review of Books,
September 21, 2006.
New York Review of Books,
September 21, 2006.
Barratt, Carrie Rebora. “Faces of a New Nation: American Portraits of the 18th and Early 19th Centuries.”
Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin
, Summer 2003.
Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin
, Summer 2003.
Batchelder, Samuel. “Col. Henry Vassall and His Wife Penelope Vassall with Some Account of His Slaves.”
Proceedings of the Cambridge Historical Society
10 (January 26-October 26, 1915).
Proceedings of the Cambridge Historical Society
10 (January 26-October 26, 1915).
Bickham, Troy. “Sympathizing with Sedition? George Washington, the British Press, and British Attitudes during the American War of Independence.”
William and Mary Quarterly
59, no. 1 (January 2002).
William and Mary Quarterly
59, no. 1 (January 2002).
Brookhiser, Richard. “George Washington, Founding CEO.”
American Heritage
, Spring- Summer 2008.
American Heritage
, Spring- Summer 2008.
Brown, Lawrence Parmly. “The Antiquities of Dental Prosthesis: Part III, Section 2, Eighteenth Century.”
Dental Cosmos
76, no. 11 (November 1934).
Dental Cosmos
76, no. 11 (November 1934).
Bryan, Mark Evans. “ ‘Slideing into Monarchical Extravagance’:
Cato
at Valley Forge and the Testimony of William Bradford Jr.”
William and Mary Quarterly,
3rd ser., 67, no. 1 (January 2010).
Cato
at Valley Forge and the Testimony of William Bradford Jr.”
William and Mary Quarterly,
3rd ser., 67, no. 1 (January 2010).
Burrows, Edwin G. “Patriots or Terrorists?”
American Heritage
, Fall 2008.
American Heritage
, Fall 2008.
Conway, Stephen. “The British Army, ‘Military Europe,’ and the American War of Independence.”
William and Mary Quarterly,
3rd ser., 67, no. 1 (January 2010).
William and Mary Quarterly,
3rd ser., 67, no. 1 (January 2010).
Desportes, Ulysse. “Giuseppe Ceracchi in America and His Busts of George Washington.”
Art Quarterly
26, no. 2 (1963).
Art Quarterly
26, no. 2 (1963).
Ferling, John. “Myths of the American Revolution.”
Smithsonian
, January 2010.
Smithsonian
, January 2010.
Fleming, Thomas. “George Washington in Love.”
American Heritage
, Fall 2009.
American Heritage
, Fall 2009.
———. “Wall Street’s First Collapse.”
American Heritage
, Winter 2009.
American Heritage
, Winter 2009.
Fund, John H. “George Washington, Whiskey Entrepreneur.”
Wall Street Journal
, February 21, 2007.
Wall Street Journal
, February 21, 2007.
Henriques, Peter R. “The Final Struggle Between George Washington and the Grim King: Washington’s Attitude Toward Death and an Afterlife.”
Virginia Magazine of History and Biography
107, no. 1 (Winter 1999).
Virginia Magazine of History and Biography
107, no. 1 (Winter 1999).
———. “Another Sally Hemings Case? The Relationship Between George Washington and West Ford.” Unpublished talk, April 26, 2005. Copy in possession of the author.
———. “Saint or Shrew? George Washington’s Controversial Relationship with His Mother, Mary Ball Washington.” Unpublished talk, February 12, 2008. Copy in possession of the author.
Jackman, S. W. “A Young Englishman Reports on the New Nation: Edward Thornton to James Bland Burges, 1791-1793.”
William and Mary Quarterly
, 3rd ser., 18, no. 1 (January 1961).
William and Mary Quarterly
, 3rd ser., 18, no. 1 (January 1961).
Kail, Wendy. “The Correspondence of George and Martha Washington.” Papers of George Washington,
http://gwpapers.virginia.edu/articles
.
http://gwpapers.virginia.edu/articles
.
Kelly, Catherine E. “Face Value: George Washington and Portrait Prints.”
Common-place
7, no. 3 (April 2007).
Common-place
7, no. 3 (April 2007).
Kennicott, Philip. “Plain as Dirt: History Without Gimmickry.”
Washington Post
, July 4, 2007.
Washington Post
, July 4, 2007.
Killian, Tom. “Mount Vernon: Elite & Vernacular.”
Material Culture
, Fall 2005.
Material Culture
, Fall 2005.
Leibiger, Stuart. “ ‘To Judge of Washington’s Conduct’: Illuminating George Washington’s Appearance on the World Stage.”
Virginia Magazine of History and Biography
107, no. 1 (Winter 1999).
Virginia Magazine of History and Biography
107, no. 1 (Winter 1999).
Lepore, Jill. “Back Issues.”
New Yorker
, January 26, 2009.
New Yorker
, January 26, 2009.
———. “I.O.U.”
New Yorker
, April 13, 2009.
New Yorker
, April 13, 2009.
Lipset, Seymour Martin. “George Washington and the Founding of Democracy.”
Journal of Democracy
9, no. 4 (October 1988).
Journal of Democracy
9, no. 4 (October 1988).
Lombardi, Michael J. “Taking the Measure of Washington … Once More.”
Colonial Williamsburg
, Summer 2005.
Colonial Williamsburg
, Summer 2005.
Magnet, Myron. “Alexander Hamilton, Modern America’s Founding Father.”
City Journal
, Winter 2009.
City Journal
, Winter 2009.
Meade, Robert Douthat. “Gov. Fauquier—Friend of Jefferson.”
Richmond Times-Dispatch
, July 7, 1935.
Richmond Times-Dispatch
, July 7, 1935.
Morgan, Edmund S. “Jefferson & Betrayal.”
New York Review of Books
, June 26, 2008.
New York Review of Books
, June 26, 2008.
Morgan, Kenneth. “George Washington and the Problem of Slavery.”
Journal of American Studies
34 (2000).
Journal of American Studies
34 (2000).
Morgan, Marie, and Edmund S. Morgan. “Jefferson’s Concubine.”
New York Review of Books
, October 9, 2008.
New York Review of Books
, October 9, 2008.
Morgan, Philip D. “ ‘To Get Quit of Negroes’: George Washington and Slavery.”
Journal of American Studies
39, no. 3 (2005).
Journal of American Studies
39, no. 3 (2005).
Neely, Sylvia. “Mason Locke Weems’s
Life of George Washington
and the Myth of Braddock’s Defeat.”
Virginia Magazine of History and Biography
107, no. 1 (Winter 1999).
Life of George Washington
and the Myth of Braddock’s Defeat.”
Virginia Magazine of History and Biography
107, no. 1 (Winter 1999).
Pogue, Dennis J. “Slave Lifeways at Mount Vernon: An Archaeological Perspective.” Presentation to the symposium “Slavery in the Age of George Washington,” Mount Vernon, November 3, 1994. Mount Vernon Web site.
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