Read You Are Not So Smart: Why You Have Too Many Friends on Facebook, Why Your Memory Is Mostly Fiction, and 46 Other Ways You're Deluding Yourself Online

Authors: David Mcraney

Tags: #Humor & Satire, #Psychological

You Are Not So Smart: Why You Have Too Many Friends on Facebook, Why Your Memory Is Mostly Fiction, and 46 Other Ways You're Deluding Yourself (33 page)

BOOK: You Are Not So Smart: Why You Have Too Many Friends on Facebook, Why Your Memory Is Mostly Fiction, and 46 Other Ways You're Deluding Yourself
12.34Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
ads
Timarr. (2010, May 26). Risk, Stone Age economics and the affect heuristic.
The Psy-Fi Blog.
Retrieved December 2010 from
http://www.psyfitec.com/2010/05/risk-stone-age-economics-and-affect.html
.
Wallis, J. D. (2006). Evaluating apples and oranges.
Nature Neuroscience
9, 596–598.
Weinschenk, S. (2009).
Neuro web design: What makes them click?
Berkeley, CA: New Riders.
Winkielman, P., Zajonc, R. B., & Schwarz, N. (1997). Subliminal affective priming attributional interventions.
Cognition and Emotion
11(4), 433–465.
Dunbar’s Number
Dunbar, R. I. M. (1992, June). Neocortex size as a constraint on group size in primates.
Journal of Human Evolution
22(6), 469–493.
Dunbar, R. (1998).
Grooming, gossip, and the evolution of language.
Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press.
Gladwell, M. (2000).
The tipping point—how little things can make a big difference.
Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
Selling Out
Heath, J., & Potter, A. (2005).
The rebel sell: Why the culture can’t be jammed.
Chichester, Quebec, CA: Capstone.
Self-Serving Bias
Hoorens, V. (1993). Self-enhancement and superiority biases in social comparison.
European Review of Social Psychology
4(1), 113–139.
Kruger, J. (1999, August). Lake Wobegon be gone! The “below-average effect” and the egocentric nature of comparative ability judgments.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
77(2), 221–232.
Meyers, D. G. (2005).
Social Psychology
. New York: McGraw-Hill. Wilson, A. E., & Ross, M. (2001, April). From chump to champ: people’s appraisals of their earlier and present selves.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
80(4), 572–584.
The Spotlight Effect
Gilovich, T., Kruger, J., & Medvec, V. H. (2002). The spotlight effect revisited: Overestimating the manifest variability of our actions and appearance.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
38(1), 93–99.
Gilovich, T., Medvec, V. H., & Savitsky, K. (2000). The spotlight effect in social judgment: An egocentric bias in estimates of the salience of one’s own actions and appearance.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
78(2), 211–222.
The Third Person Effect
Bryant P., Salwen, M. B., & Dupagne M. (2000). The third-person effect: A meta-analysis of the perceptual hypothesis.
Mass Communication and Society
3(1), 57–85.
Johansson, B. (2005). The third-person effect. Only a media perception?
Nordicom Review
26(1), 81–94.
Perloff, R. M. (1993). Third-person effect research 1983–1992: A review and synthesis.
International Journal of Public Opinion Research
5(2), 167–184.
Catharsis
Baumeister, R. F., Bushman, B. J., & Feenstra, J. S. (2008).
Social psychology and human nature.
Belmont, CA: Thomson Higher Education.
Berkowitz, L. (1977).
Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 10.
New York: Academic Press.
Bushman, B. J. (2002, June). Does venting anger feed or extinguish the flame? Catharsis, rumination, distraction, anger, and aggressive responding.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
28(6), 724–731.
Bushman, B. J., Stack, A. D., & Baumeister, R. F. (1999). Catharsis, aggression, and persuasive influence: Self-fulfilling or self-defeating prophecies?
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
76(3), 367–376.
Carey, B. (2009, February 3). The muddled track of all those tears.
New York Times,
p. D1.
Landers, R. N. (2010, May 19). Playing violent video games for a release that never comes.
Thoughts of a Neo-Academic.
Retrieved December 2010 from
http://neoacademic.com/2010/05/19/playing-violent-video-games-for-a-release-that-never-comes/
.
The Misinformation Effect
Bartlett, Sir F. C. (1967).
Remembering: a study in experimental and social psychology
. London: Cambridge University Press.
Berkowitz, S. R., Laney, C., Morris, E. K., Garry, M., & Loftus, E. F. (2008). Pluto behaving badly: False beliefs and their consequences.
American Journal of Psychology
121(4), 643–660.
Bernstein, D. M., Laney, C., Morris, E. K., & Loftus, E. F. (2005). False memories about food can lead to food avoidance.
Social Cognition
23(1), 11–34.
Heaps, C. H., & Nash, M. (2001). Comparing recollective experience in true and false autobiographical memories.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition
27(4), 920–930.
Loftus, E. F. (2003, November). Make-believe memories.
American Psychologist
58(11), 867–873.
Loftus, E. F. (2001, September). The advertisers are coming for your childhood.
Independent
. Retrieved December 2010 from
http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/elizabeth-loftus
—the-advertisers-are-coming-for-your-childhood-668019 .html.
Loftus, E. F., & Ketcham, K. (1996).
The myth of repressed memory: False memories and allegations of sexual abuse.
New York: St. Martin’s Griffin.
Loftus, E. F., & Palmer, J. C. (1974). Reconstruction of automobile destruction: An example of the interaction between language and memory.
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior
13, 585–589.
Roediger, H. L. III, Meade, M. L., & Bergman, E. T. (2001). Social contagion of memory.
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
8(2), 365–371.
Saletan, W. (2010, June 4). The Memory Doctor: The future of false memories.
Slate.
Retrieved December 2010 from
http://www.slate.com/id/2256089/
.
Conformity
Asch, S. E. (1956). Studies of independence and conformity: A minority of one against a unanimous majority.
Psychological Monographs
70(416).
Latane, B., & Darley, J. (1969). Bystander “apathy.”
American Scientist
57, 244–268.
Milgram, S. (1963). Behavioral study of obedience.
Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology
67, 371–378.
Wolfson, A. (2005, October 9). A hoax most cruel.
Courier-Journal
(Louisville, KY)
.
You are a conformist (that is, you are human). Recognize that conformity is inevitable and avoid its pitfalls. (2010, December 5).
Psychology Today
. Retrieved December 2010 from
http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/insight-therapy/201012/you-are-conformist-is-you-are-human
.
Extinction Burst
Behavior: Skinner’s Utopia: Panacea, or Path to Hell? (1971, September 20).
Time
. Retrieved December 2010 from
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,909994,00.html
.
Social Loafing
Ingham, A.G., Levinger, G., Graves, J., & Peckham, V. (1974). The Ringelmann Effect: Studies of group size and group performance.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
10, 371–384.
Karau, S. J., & Williams, K. D. (1993). Social loafing: A meta-analytic review and theoretical integration.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
65, 681–706.
Latane, B., Williams, K., & Harkins, S. (1979, June). Many hands make light the work: The causes and consequences of social loafing.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
37, 822–832.
Myers, D. G. (2005).
Social psychology
. New York: McGraw-Hill.
The Illusion of Transparency
Gilovich, T., Medvec, V. H., & Savitsky, K. (1998). The illusion of transparency: Biased assessments of others’ ability to read one’s emotional states.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
75(2), 332–346.
Savitsky, K., & Gilovich, T. (2003, March 25). The illusion of transparency and the alleviation of speech anxiety.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
39, 618–625.
Learned Helplessness
Abramson, L. Y., Seligman, M. E., & Teasdale, J. D. (1978, February). Learned helplessness in humans: Critique and reformulation.
Journal of Abnormal Psychology
87(1), 49–74.
Langer, E. & Rodin, J. (1976). The effects of choice and enhanced personal responsibility for the aged: A field experiment in an institutional setting.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
34, 191–198.
Magnusson, D., & Ohman, A. (1987).
Psychopathology: An interactional perspective.
New York: Academic Press.
Myers, D. G. (2005).
Social psychology
. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Seligman, M. E. P. & Maier, S. F. (1967). Failure to escape traumatic shock.
Journal of Experimental Psychology
74, 1–9.
Servan-Schreiber, D. (2008).
Anticancer: a new way of life.
New York: Viking.
Embodied Cognition
Ackerman, J. M., Nocera, C. C., & Bargh, J. A. (2010, June 25). Incidental haptic sensations influence social judgments and decisions.
Science
328(5986), 1712–1715.
Lawrence, E. W., & Bargh, J. A. (2008, October). Experiencing physical warmth promotes interpersonal warmth.
Science
322(5901), 606–607.
The Anchoring Effect
African nations in the U.N. Retrieved December 2010 from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:UN_Member_Countries_World.svg
.
Ariely, D., Loewenstein, G., & Prelec, D. (2006). Tom Sawyer and the construction of value.
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization
60, 1–10.
Cialdini, R. B., Vincent, J. E., Lewis, S. K., Catalan, J., Wheeler, D., & Darby, B. L. (1975). Reciprocal concessions procedure for inducing compliance: The door-in the face technique.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
31(2), 206–215.
Kahneman, D., Slovic, P., & Tversky, A. (1982).
Judgment under uncertainty: heuristics and biases.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Attention
Chabris, C., & Simons, D. (2010).
The invisible gorilla: and other ways our intuitions deceive us
. New York: Crown.
Chua, H. F., Boland, J. E., & Nisbett, R. E. (2005). Cultural variation in eye movements during scene perception.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
35, 12629–12633.
Levin, D. T., & Simons, D. J. (1997). Failure to detect changes to attended objects in motion pictures.
Psychonomic Bulletin and Review
4, 501–506.
Masuda, T., Akase, M., & Radford, M. H. B. (2008). Cultural differences in patterns of eye-movement: Comparing context sensitivity between the Japanese and Westerners.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
94(3), 365–381.
Simons, D. J., & Chabris, C. F. (1999). Gorillas in our midst: sustained inattentional blindness for dynamic events.
Perception
28(9), 1059–1074.
Simons, D. J., & Levin, D. T. (1998). Failure to detect changes to people during a real-world interaction.
Psychonomic Bulletin and Review
5, 644–649.
Self-Handicapping
Alter, A. L., & Forgas, J. P. (2007). On being happy but fearing failure: The effects of mood on self-handicapping strategies.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
43, 947–954.
Berglas, S., & Jones, E.E. (1978). Drug choice as a self-handicapping strategy in response to noncontingent success.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
36 (4), 405–417.
Carey, B. (2009). Some protect the ego by working on their excuses early.
New York Times.
Goleman, D. (1984). Excuses: New theory defines their role in life.
New York Times
.
Kay, A. C., Jimenez, M.C., & Jost, J. T. (2002). Sour Grapes, Sweet Lemons, and the Anticipatory Rationalization of the Status Quo.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
28(9), 1300–1312.
Kolditz, T. A., & Arkin, R. M. (1982). An impression management interpretation of the self-handicapping strategy.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
43, 492–502.
Smith, T. W., Snyder, C. R., & Perkins, S. C. (1983). The self-serving function of hypochondriacal complaints: Physical symptoms as self-handicapping strategies.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
44(4), 787–797.
Self-Fulfilling Prophecies
Burger, J. M. (1999). The foot-in-the-door compliance procedure: A multiple-process analysis and review.
Personality and Social Psychology Review
3(4), 303–325.
Crano, W. D., & Mellon, P. M. (1978, February). Causal influence of teachers’ expectations on children’s academic performance: A cross-lagged panel analysis.
Journal of Educational Psychology
70(1), 39–49.
Spencer, S. J., Steele, C. M., & Quinn, D. M. (1999). Stereotype threat and women’s math performance.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
35, 4–28.
Steele C. M., & Aronson, J. (1995, November). Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
69(5), 797–811.
The Moment
Kahneman, D. (2010, March). The riddle of experience vs. memory. Retrieved December 2010 from
http://blog.ted.com/2010/03/01/the_riddle_of_e/
.
Consistency Bias
Ariely, D. (2008).
Predictably irrational: The hidden forces that shape our decisions
. New York: HarperCollins.
Burger, J. M., & Petty, R. E. (1981). The low-ball compliance technique: Task or person commitment.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
40(3), 492–500.
BOOK: You Are Not So Smart: Why You Have Too Many Friends on Facebook, Why Your Memory Is Mostly Fiction, and 46 Other Ways You're Deluding Yourself
12.34Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
ads

Other books

Big Spankable Asses by Lisa G Riley
Sueño del Fevre by George R.R. Martin
The Rendering by Joel Naftali
Army Ranger Redemption by Carol Ericson
Smilla's Sense of Snow by Peter Høeg
Lady Sativa by Frank Lauria
The Bigness of the World by Lori Ostlund
Kissed by Fire by Shéa MacLeod
Adam's Woods by Walker, Greg