Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China (165 page)

39.
DXPCR
, p. 190;
YJYZ
, pp. 605–606.

40.
YJYZ
, p. 608.

41.
This section on Yu Qiuli draws from Lei Li,
Lishi fengyunzhong de Yu Qiuli
(Yu Qiuli in the Winds of History) (Beijing: Zhongyang wenxian chubanshe, 2005); interview with Yu Qiuli's daughter, Yu Xiaoxia, December 2008; ibid.; Teiwes and Sun,
The End of the Maoist Era; LZQ.

42.
Kenneth Lieberthal and Michael Oksenberg,
Policy Making in China
(Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1988), pp. 175–181. National publicity distorted
the story of Daqing, calling attention to heroic, ordinary workers finding and digging the site and neglecting the expertise of Kang Shi'en and others. But the basic story of Yu Qiuli going down to the front lines and overseeing the development was confirmed by later scholars who debunked much of the later success of the Dazhai Brigade.

43.
Lei Li,
Lishi fengyunzhong de Yu Qiuli
, p. 15.

44.
In addition to the works cited earlier, I have relied on interviews with Zhao's daughter, Wang Yannan, who lived with her parents during the sixteen years that Zhao was under house arrest, October 2006 and July 2007. I have also drawn from my August 2006 interviews with Du Daozheng, who knew Zhao since Guangdong days and helped bring the tapes to Hong Kong, and my December 2006 interview with Zong Fengming, a friend from Zhao's youth who wrote
Zhao Ziyang: Ruanjinzhong de tanhua
(Zhao Ziyang: Captive Conversations) (Hong Kong: Kaifang chubanshe, 2007) and who visited Zhao more often than anyone else during his years of house arrest.

45.
Ezra F. Vogel,
Canton under Communism: Programs and Politics in a Provincial Capital, 1949–1968
(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1969) (the Wade-Giles transliteration is used; see index entries under Chao Tzu-yang). See also David L. Shambaugh,
The Making of a Premier: Zhao Ziyang's Provincial Career
(Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1984).

46.
Interview with Woodcock's aide, William McCahill, U.S. embassy official who accompanied Woodcock at the meeting, October 2003. Zhao is reported to have worked in a machine shop in Xiangzhong Mechanics Factory in Hunan for several years during the Cultural Revolution.

Abdul Razak, Tun,
286

Abramowitz, Morton,
320

Afghanistan,
340
,
533
,
536
,
538
,
539
,
545
,
610
,
822n51

Agriculture,
95
,
370
,
540
; and Central Party Work Conference (1978),
232
–
233
,
237
,
238
–
239
; collectivization in,
7
,
38
,
39
,
41
,
161
,
190
,
239
,
350
,
365
,
435
–
437
,
440
,
441
,
442
–
443
,
444
,
513
,
547
,
721
; cotton,
224
,
442
,
444
,
446
; Dazhai model,
94
,
141
,
190
,
237
,
421
,
437
,
438
,
439
,
441
,
733
; flax,
444
,
446
; grain,
1
,
442
,
443
–
444
,
450
,
464
,
466
; irrigation,
190
,
435
,
444
; production contracted down to household,
239
,
363
,
365
,
386
,
435
–
445
,
436
,
452
,
453
,
454
–
455
,
475
,
683
,
721
,
807n66
; public ownership of land,
442
,
568
; rice,
443
–
444
; tobacco,
444
,
446

Ah Jin.
See
Jin Weiying

Akio Morita,
410

Alienation,
564
,
565

Angang steel plant,
111
,
112

Anhui province,
105
,
110
,
390
; Agricultural Policy Research Office,
438
; economic conditions in,
435
–
442
,
806n45
; Hefei,
576
–
577
; Wan Li in,
239
,
435
–
440
,
577
,
738
,
805n46
; Yellow Mountain (Huang Shan),
350
–
351
,
795n3

Annual Plan (1976),
125
,
128
,
156
,
208

Anti-rightist campaign (1957): Deng Xiaoping during,
9
,
40
,
204
; intellectuals attacked during,
40
–
41
,
204
,
258
,
259
–
260
,
261
,
264
,
555
; Mao Zedong during,
40
–
41
,
261
,
264
–
265
,
555
; Ye Jianying on,
356

April 5, 1976, demonstrations,
166
–
170
,
187
,
191
,
192
,
194
,
196
,
199
,
231
–
232
,
234
,
235
–
236
,
252
,
253
,
256
,
363
,
371
,
576
,
598
–
599
; and Gang of Four,
165
–
167
,
195
,
235
,
251
,
598
; and Wu De,
167
,
168
–
169
,
172
,
235
,
770n42

ARCO,
537

Asian Development Bank,
609

Asian Games (1990),
422

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN),
282
,
283
,
286
,
287
,
289
,
534
,
535

Atkins, Humphrey,
494

Atkinson, Richard,
322

August 17 Communiqué (1982),
486
,
649
,
813n23

Australia,
434
,
808n10

Ba Jin,
566

Babaoshan,
158
,
159
,
167
,
234
,
237
,
603

Bai Dongcai,
69

Bai Hua,
558

Baixing.
See
Masses, The

Baker, James,
643

Bank of China,
220
,
405
,
472
,
490
,
745

Bao Tong,
455
,
573
,
574
,
586
,
609
,
617
,
618
,
620
,
632

Bao, Y. K.
See
Pao, Y. K.

Bao'an county,
219
,
394
,
397

Baogang,
111
,
112

Baoshan steel plant,
305
,
307
–
308
,
419
,
433
,
434
,
464
,
788n35

Bashanlun
conference (1985),
461
,
571
–
572

BBC,
254
,
636

Beijing,
687
; Chang'an Boulevard,
630
,
631
; Muxidi Bridge,
629
–
630
; Olympics in,
422
,
662
–
663
.
See also
Beijing Garrison Command; Peking University; Yenching University

Beijing Daily
,
235

Beijing Garrison Command,
386

Beijing Military Region,
81
,
739

Beijing Party Committee,
167
,
179
,
235

Beijing Revolutionary Committee,
167

Belgium: Chinese study tour to (1978),
221
,
222

Bergland, Bob,
346

Birenda, King,
277
,
278

Birth control,
434
–
435

Bitter Love (Kulian)
,
557
–
558

Biya, Paul,
575

Bo Yibo,
588
; and Central Committee Small Group on Political System Reform/Political Reform Office,
573
,
575
; during Cultural Revolution,
234
; on Deng Xiaoping,
149
; as finance minister,
38
; relationship with Deng Xiaoping,
382
,
471
,
557
,
578
,
579
–
580
,
583

Bohai Gulf,
545

Brezhnev, Leonid,
55
,
76
,
84
,
233
,
317
–
321
,
333
,
531
,
537
,
539

Brokaw, Tom,
588

Brook, Timothy,
631
,
835n17

Brown, Harold,
258
,
325
,
538
–
539

Brus, Włodzimierz,
459
,
461

Brzezinski, Zbigniew,
270
,
787n6
; on Deng,
226
–
227
,
318
–
319
; and Deng's 1979 visit to U.S.,
336
,
337
–
338
,
339
,
340
; and normalization of Sino-U.S. relations,
315
,
318
–
319
,
323
,
324
,
326
,
328
,
330
–
331
,
332
,
337
,
338
,
480
,
791n21

Buddhism,
277
,
284
,
299

Burma/Myanmar, Deng Xiaoping in (1978),
266
,
276
–
277

Busbee, George,
336

Bush, George H. W.: on Deng,
267
–
268
,
648
,
649
; relationship with Deng Xiaoping,
87
,
155
,
267
–
268
,
315
,
481
–
482
,
485
–
486
,
514
,
613
,
648
–
651
,
652
,
653
; relationship with Wan Li,
738

Byrd, Robert,
342

Cai Hesen,
19

Cambodia: relations with Burma,
277
; relations with China,
270
,
273
,
277
,
280
–
282
,
283
,
286
,
526
–
527
,
534
; relations with North Korea,
279
; relations with Thailand,
283
; relations with Vietnam,
241
,
270
,
275
,
277
,
280
–
282
,
284
,
288
,
289
,
293
,
297
,
339
,
527
–
528
,
529
,
534
–
535
,
536
,
539
,
610
,
613
,
821n51