France and the Nazi Threat: The Collapse of French Diplomacy 1932-1939 (89 page)

  
60
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 125, 1 February 1936.

  
61
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 169, 12 February 1936.

  
62
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 1936 (summary from the navy archives).

  
63
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 170, Maurin to Flandin, 12 February 1936.

  
64
.
    
Michalon and Vernet, quoted article, p. 12.

  
65
.
    
Defrasne, quoted article, p. 262, and DDF, 2, I, Maurin to Flandin, 17 February 1936.

  
66
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 186, 14 February 1936.

  
67
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 196, Maurin to Flandin, 27 February 1936. See also a note from the Army High Command, drafted by General Colson and approved by General Georges, regarding Franco-British cooperation, ibid., no. 202, 16 February 1936.

  
68
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 223, Note from the Department, 24 February 1936.

  
69
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 241, Note from the Minister’s Cabinet, 27 February 1936.

  
70
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 203, Transcript from the navy archives, written by Admiral Abrial.

  
71
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 325, note by General Gamelin, 28 March 1936.

  
72
.
    
Quoted article, p. 9.

  
73
.
    
JODP, Chambre, 1936, p. 140.

  
74
.
    
Quoted by Defrasne, quoted article, p. 259.

  
75
.
    
Ibid., p. 258.

  
76
.
    
Defrasne, op. cit., p. 259.

  
77
.
    
Michalon and Vernet, op. cit., p. 24.

  
78
.
    
Private recollections by General Jacques Humbert and Colonel Defrasne.

  
79
.
    
Withdrawal Hitler had planned according to interpreter P. Schmidt. Discussed by *Watt, Donald.
Journal of Contemporary History
., October 1966

  
80
.
    
Servir
, Vol. II, p. 215.

  
81
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 296, 7 March 1936.

  
82
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 298, 7 March 1936.

  
83
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 300, 7 March 1936.

  
84
.
    
Article quoted, p. 7.

  
85
.
    
Humanité
, 8 March 1936.

  
86
.
    
Populaire
, 8 March 1936.

  
87
.
    
Populaire
, 12 March 1936.

  
88
.
    
Œuvre
, 8 March 1936.

  
89
.
    
Matin
, 8 March 1936.

  
90
.
    
Jour
, 8 March 1936.

  
91
.
    
Jour
, 9 March 1936.

  
92
.
    
See
Jour
, 9 March 1936.

  
93
.
    
See
Jour
, 12 March.

  
94
.
    
Action française
, 10 March 1936.

  
95
.
    
See
Jour
, 10 March 1936.

  
96
.
    
Humanité
, 11 March 1936.

  
97
.
    
Flandin, op. cit., p. 201, states that he had drawn Sarraut’s attention to that sentence.

  
98
.
    
Letter from Prime Minister Van Zeeland to Ambassador Laroche. Texte in *
Les relations militaires franco-belges, March 1936–10 May 1940
, 1968, pp. 46–47.

  
99
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 32, Corbin to Laval, 10 January 1933.

100
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 301, Corbin to Flandin, 7 March 1936 (received at 6:25 p.m.).

101
.
    
Flandin, op. cit., p. 199.

102
.
    
CEP, IV, p. 907 sq., V, pp. 1262–1268. See above all Maurin, Philippe
Figaro
, 8 March 1984.

103
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 303, Noël, 7 March 1936.

104
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 366, Corbin, 10 March 1936.

105
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 327, Noël, 8 March 1936, and ibid., no. 408, Noël, 12 March 1936.

106
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 394, François-Poncet, 11 March 1936.

107
.
    
Eden A.,
Facing the Dictators
, pp. 343–378.

108
.
    
Eden, op. cit., p. 404.

109
.
    
Eden, op. cit., p. 359.

110
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 390, Instructions to Mr. Flandin before leaving for London, 11 March 1936.

111
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 391. Vice-Admiral Durand-Viel to Vice-Admiral Robert, 11 March 1936 (from the navy archives).

112
.
    
Masson, quoted article, p. 6, and DDF, 2, I, no. 406, Piétri to Sarraut, 12 March 1936.

113
.
    
Christienne and Buffotot, quoted article, p. 15.

114
.
    
Op. cit., II, pp. 197–198.

115
.
    
Le Goyet, op. cit., p. 119.

116
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 392, Note from Army High Command, 11 March 1936.

117
.
    
At the end of March, Gamelin buried the project. See DDF, 2, I, Note from General Gamelin, 28 March 1936.

118
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 407, Note for the Minister, 12 March 1936.

119
.
    
Eden, op. cit., p. 355.

120
.
    
Nicolson,
Journal des années tragiques
, pp. 25–26.

121
.
    
Conditions that were discussed on 13 March during a meeting with General Georges, held at Flandin’s request while in London. DDF, 2, I, no. 425, 23 March 1936.

122
.
    
Eden, op. cit., pp. 357–358. DDF, 2, I, Massigli to MAE, 17 March 1936.

123
.
    
Eden, op. cit., p. 360 sq.

124
.
    
Politique française
, pp. 208–209.

125
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 496, Corbin, 19 March 1936.

126
.
    
DDF, 2, II, no. 2, German government peace plan dated 31 March 1936, that von Ribbentrop handed to the British government, 1 April 1936.

127
.
    
DDF, 2, II, no. 6, Corbin, 2 April 1936.

128
.
    
DDF, 2, II, no. 17, Transcript of 3 April 1936.

129
.
    
With Belgium only, conferences of 15 May. Texts in
Les relations militaires franco-belges, mars 1936-10 mai 1940
, pp. 52–58, and DDF, 2, II, no. 217.

130
.
    
DDF, 2, II, no. 97. General Schweisguth to General Maurin, 20 April 1936 (with exhibits).

131
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 332, Puaux to Flandin, 8 March (conversation between Puaux and Schweisguth).

132
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 373, Monicault, chargé d’affaires, 10 March 1936.
Id
., no. 424, 13 March 1936.

133
.
    
DDF, 2, II, no. 168, Dampierre, 6 May 1936.

134
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 494, D’Ormesson to Flandin, 23 March 1936.

135
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 457, 18 March 1936.

136
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 503, 25 March 1936.

137
.
    
CEP, passim.

138
.
    
Our emphasis.

139
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 270, Laroche, Bruxelles, 2 March 1936.

140
.
    
DDF, 2, II, no. 23, Transcript (from the navy archives, handwritten by Abrial), 5 April 1936.

141
.
    
DDF, 2, I, no. 447, Charles-Roux, 17 March 1936.

Chapter VI

T
HE
A
TMOSPHERE

    
1
.
    
For 1936 and 1939 there is a need for dissertations comparable to the excellent doctorate by *Becker, Jean-Jacques,
L’opinion française en 1914
, 1975. As a starting point one may use the “Barodet” publications for 1932 and 1936 (
Programmes, professions de foi et engagements électoraux des députés élus
) and after 1938 the public opinion polls, see within Chapter XI and following.

    
2
.
    
The is a whole range of published material on this subject. See the play by Donnay, Maurice,
La chasse à l’homme
, given in 1919; in Hamp, Pierre,
Une nouvelle fortune
(1926), chapter entitled: “Trop de femmes.”

    
3
.
    
*Bodin, L. and Touchard, Jean,
Front populaire 1936
, 1961, pp. 24–26.

    
4
.
    
*Sanson, Rosemonde,
Les 14 juillet, fête et conscience nationale, 1789–1975
, 1976.

    
5
.
    
See on the issue a master’s thesis which I supervised, by *Azria, Sylvain,
Le tour de France cycliste dans les années 1930
, 1974.

    
6
.
    
*Paoli, Colonel François-André,
L’Armée française de 1919 a 1939
, s. d., II, pp. 59–60. There were 117,000 career military men in 1935, 30 000 of them being officers.

    
7
.
    
Missiones catholicae
, 1930.

    
8
.
    
*Cotte, Jules,
Un ingénieur français en URSS
, 1946, p. 271.

    
9
.
    
Ibid., p. 273. Cotte gave lectures in France with Barthou’s support; only
L’Humanité
made mention of them.

  
10
.
    
Ibid., p. 275.

  
11
.
    
This information come from the master’s dissertation which I directed by *Madame Laverrière, maiden name Boutet, Marie-Françoise,
Les relations culturelles franco-américaines de 1919 à 1939
. She used the reports written by the director of the national office of universities, Charles Petit-Dutaillis.

  
12
.
    
See the description by Bérard, Armand, op. cit., pp. 67–71.

  
13
.
    
Coulondre deplored this and wanted 10,000 Germans to come to France every year to “cement the links of a true rapprochement.” See MAE, T. 4532, 20 December 1938. There is no important example of this “trip around the world” that some rich young people such as André Siegfried took at the end of their studies at the close of the nineteenth century.

  
14
.
    
*Combe, Paul,
Niveau de vie et progrès technique en France depuis 1860
, 1955, p. 58. *Bloch-Lainé, François,
Profession: Fonctionnaire
, Paris, 1976, p. 26, notes that he traveled at the ages of 16 to 18 as a “little pilot” to Africa and America but that this was exceptional.

  
15
.
    
Ginier, op. cit., p. 143. To be compared to 12 million arrivals in 1967 (ibid., p. 166).