Gallipoli (110 page)

31.
Ibid., p. 13.

32.
Ibid., p. 18.

33.
Ibid., p. 21.

34.
Ibid., p. 4.

35.
Ibid., p. 17.

36.
Ibid., p. 23.

37.
Ibid., p. 17.

38.
Ibid., p. 9.

39.
Ibid., pp. 13–14.

40.
Ibid., p. 19.

41.
Daily Herald
(Adelaide), ‘A Whirlwind of Words', 31 July 1914, p. 5,
http://trove.nla.gov.au
.

42.
The Sun
(Sydney), 23 May 1920, p. 3.

43.
Transcript of Keith Murdoch's Evidence before Dardanelles Commission, 5 February 1917, in Murdoch, Papers of Sir Keith Arthur Murdoch, NLA, MS 2823, Series 2, Folder 3, p. 861.

44.
Ibid. (reported speech changed to direct speech).

45.
Colvin,
The Life of Lord Carson
, p. 85.

46.
Ibid., p. 87.

47.
Roskill,
Hankey
, p. 207.

48.
Situation in Dardanelles: Memorandum by Secretary After Personal Visit, Pt IV, ‘Remarks on Future Policy', 30 August 1915, in Lloyd George, Lloyd George Papers, United Kingdom Parliamentary Archives, LG/D/23/4/8, p. 2.

49.
Copy of Letter from the Dardanelles, in ibid.

50.
Moorehead,
Gallipoli
, p. 253.

51.
James, Robert R.,
Gallipoli
, p. 318.

52.
Dardanelles Committee Meeting, 24 September 1915, NA CAB 42/3/30, p. 7.

53.
Murdoch, Keith to H. H. Asquith, Letter, 25 September 1915, appended to Murdoch, Keith to Andrew Fisher (‘The Gallipoli Letter'), 23 September 1915, in Murdoch, Papers of Sir Keith Arthur Murdoch (1886–1952), NLA, MS 2823, Series 2, Folder 1.

54.
Murdoch, Keith to Andrew Fisher (‘The Gallipoli Letter'), 23 September 1915, in Murdoch, Papers of Sir Keith Arthur Murdoch (1886–1952), NLA, MS 2823, Series 2, Folder 1, pp. 16–18.

55.
Transcript of Keith Murdoch's Evidence before Dardanelles Commission, 5 February 1917, in Murdoch, Papers of Sir Keith Arthur Murdoch, NLA, MS 2823, Series 2, Folder 3, p. 862.

56.
Ibid., p. 863.

57.
Ashmead-Bartlett,
The Uncensored Dardanelles
, p. 252,
https://openlibrary.org/books
.

58.
Murdoch, Keith to Lord Northcliffe, Note, 27 September 1915, in Northcliffe, Northcliffe Papers, Vol. XXVII, British Library, MS 62179.

59.
Lord Northcliffe to Keith Murdoch, 30 September 1915, in ibid.

60.
Ellsworth-Jones,
We Will Not Fight
, p. 57.

61.
Woodward,
Field Marshal Sir William Robertson
, p. 20.

62.
Carter, Diary, 26 September 1915, AWM 3DRL/6418, p. 269.

63.
Ashmead-Bartlett,
The Uncensored Dardanelles
, p. 247,
https://openlibrary.org/books
.

64.
Ibid.

65.
Bean,
Gallipoli Correspondent
, p. 161.

66.
McCarthy,
Gallipoli to the Somme
, p. 187.

67.
Dardanelles Committee Meeting, 6 October 1915, NA CAB 42/4/3, p. 5.

68.
Ibid.

69.
Dardanelles Committee Meeting, 7 October 1915, NA CAB 42/4/4, p. 4.

70.
Situation in Dardanelles: Memorandum by Secretary After Personal Visit, Pt IV Remarks on Future Policy, 30 August 1915, in Lloyd George, Lloyd George Papers, United Kingdom Parliamentary Archives, LG/D/23/4/8, p. 3.

71.
Gilbert,
Winston S. Churchill
, Vol. III, p. 548.

72.
Lloyd George,
War Memoirs
, p. 298,
https://archive.org
.

73.
Dardanelles Committee Meeting, 11 October 1915, NA CAB 42/4/6, p. 5.

74.
Ibid., p. 6.

75.
Ibid., p. 9.

76.
Gilbert,
Winston S. Churchill
, Vol. III, p. 550.

77.
Dardanelles Committee Meeting, 11 October 1915, NA CAB 42/4/6, p. 15.

78.
Ibid.

79.
Gilbert,
Winston S. Churchill
, Vol. III, p. 551.

80.
Ibid.

81.
Hamilton, Ian,
Gallipoli Diary
, Vol. II, p. 249,
https://openlibrary.org/books
.

82.
Ibid.

83.
Ibid., p. 253.

84.
Dardanelles Committee Meeting, 14 October 1915, NA CAB 42/4/9, p. 4.

CHAPTER TWENTY: TO LEAVE, OR NOT TO LEAVE, THAT IS THE QUESTION

1.
King, Jonathan,
Gallipoli Diaries
, 2008, p. 293.

2.
Cozens, Diary, 19 October 1915, AWM 2DRL/0002, p. 10.

3.
Hamilton, Ian,
Gallipoli Diary
, Vol. II, p. 272,
https://openlibrary.org/books
.

4.
Ibid., p. 274.

5.
Ibid.

6.
Ibid., p. 275.

7.
Birdwood to Brudenell White (reported speech changed to direct speech), in Derham,
The Silence Ruse
, p. 19.

8.
Bean,
Gallipoli Correspondent
, p. 169.

9.
Hamilton, Ian,
Gallipoli Diary
, Vol. II, p. 277,
https://openlibrary.org/books
.

10.
Hart, ‘Gallipoli: The War at Sea – An Overview', p. 397,
http://archive.iwm.org.uk
.

11.
Ibid., p. 398.

12.
Aspinall-Oglander,
Military Operations
, Vol. II, p. 402.

13.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 839.

14.
Aspinall-Oglander,
Military Operations
, Vol. II, p. 402.

15.
Churchill, Winston,
The World Crisis
, Vol. II, p. 491.

16.
Ibid.

17.
The Times
, 28 October 1915, p. 7.

18.
Williams,
The Battle of Anzac Ridge
, p. 135.

19.
Hogue,
Trooper Bluegum at the Dardanelles
, p. 267,
https://archive.org
.

20.
Ibid., p. 269.

21.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 849.

22.
Ibid., p. 838.

23.
For further reading, see Stanley, Peter,
Bad Characters: Sex, Crime, Mutiny, Murder and the Australian Imperial Force
.

24.
Wiltshire, Diary, 1 October 1915, ML MSS 3058/Box 1/Item 3, p. 9,
http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au
.

25.
Bingham, Charles, Diary, 5 November 1915, Private Collection of the Bingham Family.

26.
Finlay to Director, Australian War Memorial, 9 December 1929, AWM 1DRL/0284.

27.
Ibid.

28.
Herbert H. Asquith to Lloyd George, 3 November 1915, in Lloyd George, Lloyd George Papers, United Kingdom Parliamentary Archives, LG/D/18/2/12, pp. 1–4.

29.
James, Robert R.,
Gallipoli
, p. 328.

30.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 853.

31.
Gardiner to his Mother, Letter, 20 November 1915, in Gardiner, Extracts of Letters from Reginald Scott Gardiner to his Mother, 1914–1915, AWM 1DRL/0304, p. 10.

32.
Bean,
Frontline Gallipoli
, p. 176.

33.
Birdwood,
Khaki and Gown
, p. 280.

34.
Bingham, Diary, 13 November 1915, Private Collection of the Bingham Family.

35.
Cameron,
Gallipoli
, p. 203.

36.
Ibid., p. 204.

37.
Birdwood,
Khaki and Gown
, p. 280.

38.
Cassar,
Kitchener's War
, p. 252.

39.
Birdwood,
Khaki and Gown
, p. 281.

40.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 853.

41.
Kitchener to Asquith, Telegram, 15 November 1915, War Committee Meeting, 23 November 1915, NA CAB 42/5/20, pp. 14–15.

42.
Gilbert,
Winston S. Churchill
, Vol. III, p. 564.

43.
Ibid., pp. 566–7.

44.
Bingham, Diary, 18 November 1915, Private Collection of the Bingham Family.

45.
Bean,
Bean's Gallipoli
, p. 231.

46.
Bean, War Diary, 18 November 1915, AWM38, 3DRL606/20/1, p. 67.

47.
Debate in the House of Lords,
Hansard
, 18 November 1915, Vol. 20, p. 409,
http://hansard.millbanksystems.com
.

48.
Ross, ‘The Secret Operations',
The Evening Post
(Wellington, New Zealand), 31 December 1915, p. 7,
http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz
.

49.
Kitchener to Asquith, Telegram, 22 November 1915, Mediterranean Expeditionary Force War Diary, AWM4 1/4/8, Pt 2, p. 45.

50.
War Committee Meeting, 23 November 1915, p. 10, NA CAB 42/5/20.

51.
James, Robert R.,
Gallipoli
, p. 336.

52.
Curzon, Memorandum, 25 November 1915, Cabinet Papers, NA CAB 37/138/12, p. 7.

53.
War Committee Meeting, 23 November 1915, NA CAB 42/5/20, p. 10.

54.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 842.

55.
Ibid., p. 861.

56.
Ibid., p. 858 (tenses changed).

57.
Derham, p. 20.

58.
Moorehead,
Gallipoli
, p. 283.

59.
Derham, p. 21.

60.
Brudenell White dubbed this the ‘silence ruse'. The troops called it the ‘silent stunt'. Charles Bean also called it the ‘Silent Battle'.

61.
Carter, Herbert Gordon to Mr and Mrs H. J. Carter, Letter, 26 October 1915, AWM 1DRL/192, p. 28.

62.
Bey,
Çanakkale 1915 Kanlısırt Günlüğü
(
Çanakkale 1915 Lone Pine Diary
), p. 140.

63.
Ibid., p. 141.

64.
Ibid.

65.
Ibid., p. 142.

66.
Ibid.

67.
Ibid.

68.
Ibid., p. 143 (reported speech changed to direct speech).

69.
Bey, pp. 143–4.

70.
Cameron,
Gallipoli
, p. 231.

71.
Ibid. NB: I have added the word ‘bloody', as the most likely word to have actually been said.

72.
Ibid.

73.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, pp. 843–4.

74.
Bey, p. 145.

75.
Ibid.

76.
Ibid.

77.
Ibid.

78.
Kannengiesser, p. 245.

79.
Bean,
Gallipoli Mission
, p. 248.

80.
Kemal, Mustafa to Salih (Bozok), 11 October 1915, in Atatürk,
Atatürk'ün Bütün Eserleri
(
Collected Works of Atatürk
), p. 272.

81.
Mango,
Atatürk
, p. 155.

82.
White, Brudenell, ‘Note on the Withdrawal of Anzac', AWM

3DRL/1400, Series 4, Wallet 3, p. 4.

83.
Carlyon,
Gallipoli
, p. 520.

84.
Kannengiesser, p. 239.

85.
For further reading, see James, Robert R.,
Gallipoli
, p. 335.

86.
Birdwood,
Khaki and Gown
, p. 284.

87.
White, Brudenell, ‘Note on the Withdrawal of Anzac', AWM 3DRL/1400, Series 4, Wallet 3, p. 4.

88.
‘Selected Excerpts of the Original Evacuation', in Derham, p. 272.

89.
Ibid.

90.
Ibid., pp. 273–4.

91.
John Cargill, Track 7, Sailah,
Stories from Gallipoli
, ABC Audio.

92.
Cameron,
Gallipoli
, p. 233.

93.
Birdwood,
Khaki and Gown
, p. 286.

94.
Hart, ‘Gallipoli: The War at Sea – An Overview', p. 412.

95.
Ibid. (reported speech changed to direct speech).

96.
James, Robert R.,
Gallipoli
, p. 336.

97.
Bingham, Diary, 7 December 1915, Private Collection of the Bingham Family.

98.
Ibid., 29 November 1915.

CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE: GO GENTLE IN TO THAT GOOD NIGHT

1.
McCarthy,
Gallipoli to the Somme
, p. 78.

2.
Asquith, Prime Minister to King George V, Letter, undated, R/256, NA CAB 37/139/17, pp. 2–3. I presume this letter was written some time after the Cabinet meeting on 7 December and before orders to evacuate were sent out the following morning.

3.
Bean,
Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918
, Vol. II, p. 863.

4.
Ibid., p. 864.

5.
Bean,
Gallipoli Mission
, p. 244.

6.
Kemal, Mustafa to Hilda Christianus, 6 June 1915, in Atatürk,
Atatürk'ün Bütün Eserleri
(
Collected Works of Atatürk
), p. 225.

7.
Hogue,
Trooper Bluegum at the Dardanelles
, p. 271,
https://archive.org
.