John Quincy Adams (53 page)

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Kirkland, John
Knox, Henry
Lafayette, Adrienne
Lafayette, George Washington
Lafayette, Marquis de (photo)
as guest at White House
Latin America, and independence from Spain
Lavasseur, Auguste
Lectures on Rhetoric and Oratory
(John Quincy Adams)
Lee, Arthur
Lee, Richard Henry
Letters from Silesia
(John Quincy Adams)
Letters of Publicola
(John Quincy Adams)
Lincoln, Abraham (photo)
Livingston, Robert
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth
Loring, Ellis Gray
Louis XVI
Louis XVIII
Louisiana Purchase(map)
Lovell, James
Luzac, Jean
Luzerne, Chevalier de la
Macon, Nathaniel
Madison, Dolley
Madison, James
and Adams, John Quincy, chess games with
and Anglo-American conflict
and Anglo-French War
and Great Britain, military alliance with
and Louisiana Purchase
and nomination for presidency
and nullification
as president
as secretary of state
and Treaty of Ghent
and War of
and War of 1812, commission to negotiate end to
Marshall, John
as chief justice of Supreme Court
as secretary of state
Marshall, Thomas
Maurepas, Comte de
Merry, Anthony
Mesmer, Franz
Mexico, war with
Missouri Compromise(map)
Monroe, Elizabeth
Monroe, James and abolition/slavery and Anglo-American conflict and cabinet members as presidential aspirants
cabinet of
death of
eulogy for
and Floridas, acquisition of
and New Orleans, Battle of
as president
reelection of
as secretary of state
as secretary of war and state
and War of 1812
Monroe Doctrine
Montgolfier, Étienne
Montgolfier, Joseph de
Morison, Samuel Eliot
Morris, Gouverneur
Mullins, Priscilla
Murray, William Vans
Napoléon I (photo)
defeat of
as emperor
and escape from Elbe
and exile to Elbe
and Louisiana Purchase
and Quasi-War
and Russia
and Russia, invasion of
surrender of
and Waterloo
See also
Napoleonic Wars
Napoleonic Wars.
See also
French Revolution; Napoléon I
National scientific institution
Nelson, Horatio
Neutrality Proclamation
New Orleans, Battle of
New York (federal capital)
Ney, Marshal Michel
Noailles, Duc de
Noël, Nicholas
Non-Importation Act
Nullification
Onis y Gonzales, Luis de
Oregon coast, Russian claim to
Paine, Thomas
Common Sense
The Crisis
The Rights of Man
Palais de Versailles(photo)
Parsons, Theophilus
Paul I
Peck, John
Pennsylvania Quakers, petitions from
Percy, Hugh Lord
Perry, Oliver Hazard
Petition, right of
and abolition/slavery
and Pennsylvania Quakers
and women
Philadelphia (federal capital)
Pichegru, Charles
Pickering, Timothy
and Louisiana Purchase
and presidential election (1800)
and Quasi-War
as secretary of state
as secretary of state, dismissal of
Pinckney, Charles Cotesworth
and France, threat of war with
and presidential election (1800), defeat in
Pinckney, Thomas
and Jay Treaty
and petition, right of
Pius VII
Plumbe, John, Jr.
Political dissent, right to
Polk, James K.
and Adams, John Quincy, death of
Prentiss-Adams Law
Presidential election (1800)
Presidential election (1824)
and Clay, Henry, and shift of votes to Adams, John Quincy
and “corrupt bargain” charges
and inconclusive electoral votes
Presidential election (1828)
Presidential election (1832)
Presidential election (1836)
Quasi-War
end of
Quincy, John
Quincy, Josiah
Quincy, Massachusetts(photo)
Quincy, Saer de (earl of Winchester)
Quincy Bay(map)
Quincy family
forebears
origins of
Randolph, Edmund
Randolph, John
Report on Weights and Measures
(John Quincy Adams)
Richardson, Rev. Joseph
The Rights of Man
(Paine)
Robespierre, Maximilian
Rush, Richard
Russell, Jonathan
Russia
and Anglo-French War
and Napoléon I, invasion of
and Oregon coast
Scott, Winfield
Seaton, Sarah
Second Continental Congress.
See
Continental Congress
Seminole War
Shaw, Rev. John
Shays, Daniel
Shays's Rebellion
Sherman, Roger
Slavery.
See
Abolition/slavery
Smith, Abigail Quincy.
See
Adams, Abigail
Smith, Billy
Smith, Robert
Smith, Samuel
Smith, Mrs. Samuel Harrison
Smith, Rev. William
Smith, William, Jr.
Smith, William “Billy,”
Smithson, James
Smithsonian Institution
South America, and independence from Spain
Southard, Samuel L.
Spain
and Floridas, U.S. acquisition of
and French Revolution
and Latin American independence
St. Petersburg, Russia(photo)
State Department Library
Stevens, Joseph
Stewart, Robert
Stiles, Ezra
Story, Joseph
Supreme Court, U.S.
and Jefferson, Thomas, and attempt to alter Federalist bias on
slaveholders in
See also Amistad Case
Talleyrand-Perigord, Charles-Maurice de
and France, threat of war with
and Quasi-War
Taney, Roger B.
Tecumseh (Shawnee chief)
Texas
annexation of
independence of
Thaxter, John
Thoughts on Government
(John Adams)
Tillotson, John
Transcontinental Treaty.
See
Adams-Onis Treaty
Treaty of Ghent(photo)
Truxton, Thomas
Turner, Nat
Tyler, John(photo)
and abolition/slavery
Union, dissolution of
Van Buren, Martin
and
Amistad
case
and presidential election (1836), victory in
and Texas, annexation of
as vice president
Vattel, Emmerich von
Vergennes, Comte de
Vernon, William
Versailles, Palais de(photo)
War of 1812
commission to negotiate end to
and New Orleans, Battle of
and rockets, use of
and Treaty of Ghent
and Washington, burning of
Warren, Joseph
Washington, George(photo)
as commander in chief
and Continental Army
and Continental Congress
death of
and French Revolution
as general and commander-in-chief
and George Washington University
and Neutrality Proclamation
and nomination of Adams, John Quincy, as minister in The Hague
as president
as president, retirement of
and whiskey rebellion
Washington, Martha
Washington (capital city) (photo)
burning of, in War of 1812
Waterloo
Watson, Egbert R.
Wayne, “Mad” Anthony
Webster, Daniel
and presidential election (1836)
Weights and measures, system of
Wellington, Duke of
West, Benjamin
Wheate, Jacob
Wheate, Lady
Whiskey rebellion
Whittier, John Greenleaf
Willard, Rev. Joseph
Wirt, William
as attorney general
Wise, Henry
Witherspoon, John
Women, and petition, right of
XYZ dispatches
Yale College
a
Although there is no etymographic or etymological basis for it, the Adams and Quincy families and natives of Massachusetts have, for generations, pronounced “Quincy” as “Quin-zee.” In fact, the origins of the Quincy family lie in Cuincy (now pronounced “Kahn-see” but probably “Ku-whan-see” in old French) in northwestern Normandy, France, where a knight named “de Cuincy” (literally: “from Cuincy”) joined the 1066 invasion of Britain. Some of the “Quincys” evidently intermarried with Scots, whose burr may have corrupted the spelling of “Cuincy” to “Quincy” and its pronunciation to “Quin-zee.” By 1203, nine years before he appears at the signing of the Magna Carta at Runnymede, Saer de Quincy (tr.: “sieur” or “sire”—i.e., master—of Quincy/Cuincy) appeared as co-commander of a fortress in Normandy with his Scottish cousin Robert Fitzwalter.
b
Harvard graduates included more state governors, state legislators, state and federal judges, congressmen, Supreme Court justices, and Presidents than any other American institution of higher learning.
c
Today, Passy is a largely residential area adjacent to the heights of the Chaillot neighborhood overlooking the Seine on the Paris Right Bank opposite the Eiffel Tower.
d
Bonhomme Richard
was the French form of Benjamin Franklin's pseudonym. Later that summer, Jones would have to abandon the
Bonhomme Richard
in a sea of flames off the English coast after attacking the British
Serapis,
which was escorting a fleet of thirty-nine merchant ships. In the ensuing battle, the British commander struck his flag to surrender, and as flames consumed the
Bonhomme Richard,
Jones transferred his men to the
Serapis
and sailed it back to Lorient.
e
Deane returned to France later in 1780 and lived the rest of his life in exile, taking his son Jesse with him to Ghent, then London. Jesse Deane sailed home to America to stay in 1783, and Silas Deane died under mysterious circumstances aboard a Boston-bound ship in Deal, England, in 1789.
f
American Revolutionary War hero Nathan Hale is said to have paraphrased Cato as he was about to be hung by the British as a spy: Hale's last words were said to have been, “I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.”
g
This large, rectangular stretch of open parkland reaches today from the front of the École Militaire to the Eiffel Tower but ran to the Left Bank of the Seine at the time John Quincy Adams describes.
h
“Dear God, your sister is beautiful. I've seen few women as beautiful as she.”
i
A two-wheel, one-horse carriage with a folding top for two people.
j
About $1,200 in today's money.
k
Scottish-born president of the College of New Jersey (now Princeton) and the only clergyman and only foreign-born delegate to sign the Declaration of Independence, Witherspoon was the most influential educator of his time. His students included one president (James Madison), one vice president (Aaron Burr Jr.), sixty members of Congress, and three Supreme Court justices.
l
“Altogether a fraternal visit.”
m
By 1899, John Quincy Adams had gained recognition as “father of German studies in America,” and as late as 1940, the Adams translation of
Oberon
continued to appear and draw praise for its “unusually scholarly and literary merit, remarkable for its . . . genuine artistry.”
n
To ensure the validity of the purchase, John Quincy later proposed a constitutional amendment, but Congress deemed it unnecessary.
o
John Quincy's annual salary was second only to that of the President of the United States, who was paid $25,000 a year. The vice president and cabinet officers were paid only $5,000 a year each; the chief justice of the Supreme Court, $4,000; and associate justices, $3,500 each.
p
The British first used rockets against France in 1805 and again in 1807 and 1813. Their first use in America came at the Battle of Bladensburg. Invented in China in the early thirteenth century, they were largely used for setting fire to ships in close-range naval warfare until British ordinance officer William Congreve (1772–1822) added such improvements as sheet-iron casings and elongated tail sticks that converted them into incendiary bombs. The Congreve rocket carried seven pounds of incendiary materials as far as 3,000 yards.
q
Oliver Goldsmith's “The Hermit.”

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