Kepler's Witch (49 page)

Kepler, Katharina (daughter of Johannes Kepler): birth/death of, 254; death of, 319–320, 328

Kepler, Katharina (grandmother of Johannes Kepler), 25

Kepler, Katharina (mother of Johannes Kepler): accusations against/court action, 13–18; arrest of, 265; arrest of/jailing of, 290–292; articles of accusation against, 281–290; assets of, 266–267; attachment to Leonberg, 242; Benedict Beutelsbacher's testimony about, 20–21; birth of Johannes Kepler, 23; comet of 1577 and, 25, 26; death of, 306; description of, 27–28; Donatus Gültlinger's testimony, 19–20; Haller girl case, 261–265; husband's absence and, 26–27; jailed in Güglingen Tower, 298–301; Kepler receives news of situation, 326; Kepler's letter to Senate of Leonberg about, 7–10;
Kepler v. Reinbold
suppression, 259–260; letter from Kepler to duke of Württemberg on, 271–272; letter from Luther Einhorn to duke of Württemberg, 255–257; move to Heumaden, 266; return to Leonberg, 280; summoned by Einhorn, 237–238; torturer and, 15; torture sentence of, 302, 304–305; trial of, 301–302; trouble with Ursula Reinbold, 231–232; Ursula Reinbold's accusations against, 236–237; visit to Prague, 204; witchcraft accusations and Johannes Kepler, 320

Kepler, Ludwig: birth of, 202–203; godparents of, 203; smallpox of, 223; at Tübingen University, 343

Kepler, Margareta Regina, 254, 326

Kepler, Margaretha, 39, 204

Kepler, Regina: death of, 268; Kepler and, 115; Kepler's care of, 121–122; move to Prague, 147–149

Kepler, Sebald (grandfather of Johannes Kepler): death of, 93–94; description of, 25; as mayor of Weil der Stadt, 28–29

Kepler, Sebald (son of Johannes Kepler), 254

Kepler, Susanna (daughter of Johannes Kepler): birth/death of, 116, 202; death of, 125; godparents of, 203; marriage to Jakob Bartsch, 360; with Philip Ehem, 326; smallpox of, 223

Kepler, Susanna (wife of Johannes Kepler).
See also
Reuttinger, Susanna: birth of Anna Maria Kepler, 360–361; marriage to Johannes Kepler, 251, 254

Kepler v. Reinbold
: disappearance of, 290; Einhorn and, 267, 268–269; stopped by Einhorn, 265; suppression of, 259–260

Kern, Jakob, 269

Khlesl, Cardinal, 278, 294

kings: executioners and, 316; limited power of, 276–277

Klebling, Dorothea Hanns, 289

Koch, Jacob, 286–287

Koestler, Arthur, 4

Kräutlin, Urban: accusations against Katharina Kepler and, 237, 238; duke's barber, 232, 235; Katharina Kepler's arrest and, 265;
Kepler v. Reinbold
suppression and, 259

Kunstadt (Moravia), 204

Kunstkammer
(museum): knowledge as part of, 180; of Rudolf II, 159, 162–163, 164

 

Lamotte, Colonel, 314

Landesexamen
(test), 38–39

Landgrave Georg, 346

Laski, Olbrecht, 182–183

The Last Judgment
(Michelangelo), 111, 112

Latin school: Johannes Kepler at, 38–39; Kepler's graduation from, 44; Kepler's intellectual personality at, 39–43

latitudes, 176

law of ellipses, 172–173

law of equal areas, 172–173

law of gravity, 94

laws of optics, 220–221

laws of planetary motion, 172–173

lawsuit.
See Kepler v. Reinbold

Leibbrandt, Endriss, 261, 262

Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, 324

Leonberg (Germany): Katharina banned from, 305–306; Katharina Kepler's attachment to, 242; Katharina Kepler's return to, 280; Kepler family in, 39–40; picture
Leonberg (Germany), of,
105
; witchcraft accusations against Katharina Kepler, 281–290; witchcraft and, 17

Leonberg, Senate of, 7–10

Leopold, Archduke of Austria, 223, 224

Leopold, bishop of Passau, 210–211

Leo X, Pope, 107

letters: Kepler to Herwart von Hohenberg, 102–104; Kepler to Herzog Johann Friedrich von Württemberg, 271–272; Kepler to Johann Georg Brengger, 167; Kepler to Johann Matthias Bernegger, 339; Kepler to Michael Mästlin, 85, 101; Kepler to Senate of Leonberg, 7–10; Kepler to theology faculty at Tübingen, 69; Kepler to Tobias Scultetus, 189–190; Kepler to unknown nobleman, 227–229; Luther Einhorn to duke of Württemberg, 255–257

library, 164

Libu[scaron]e, 145–147, 193–194

Liechtenstein, Maximilian von, 240

Linz (Austria): Bavarian troops in, 333–334; at Christmas season, 319; Johannes Kepler's move to, 239–240; Katharina Kepler and, 268; Kepler in, 148; Kepler's problems with Lutheran church and, 242–251; Kepler's travel to collect money in, 362; peasant revolt in, 337–338

Linz school: described, 241; Kepler's troubles with Lutheran church and, 250–251

liquid gold (
aurum potabile
), 178, 184

List, Martha, 6

Little Ice Age, 233

Lobelius, Johannes, 276

Longberg, Christen Sörensen.
See
Longomontanus

longitudes, 176

Longomontanus: Kepler and Tycho Brahe and, 129–130; Kepler's memorandum and, 132; leaves Prague, 152; orbit of Mars and, 131, 176; sent to fetch instruments, 148

Longueval, Charles Bonaventure de.
See
Bucquoy, Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Count of

Lorenz, Wolf, 90

Löw, Judah, 166

Ludwig, Father, 139–140

Ludwig, Philip, 203

lunar eclipse, 136–138

Lutheran church: banned, 127–128; Catholic church and, 37–38; Counter-Reformation and, 100; excommunication of Kepler, 5, 18, 287–288, 320–322; for Kepler at Tübingen, 53–56; Kepler's beliefs, 39–46; Kepler's boyhood and, 36–37; Kepler's faith in, 3; Kepler's family and, 24–25; Kepler's “heretical” beliefs and, 242–251; Kepler's new ideas and, 58; Kepler's prophecy about, 325–326; Lutherans banished, 102–103; pressure for Kepler to convert to Catholicism and, 354; rejection of Kepler, 335–336

Lutheran consistory: Kepler's prophecy about, 325–326; view of Kepler, 320–322

Lutheran high school, Graz (Austria): banishment of Lutherans, 117–118; Graz history and, 75–77; Kepler as mathematics teacher at, 77–84; Kepler kept on after Lutheran banishment, 121; Kepler's appointment to, 71–75; Kepler's request and, 135–136; Kepler's tenuous position at, 128; Kepler's wish to work with Tycho Brahe and, 131; letter of reference for Kepler, 139

Lutheranism: Counter-Reformation spirit and, 112; in Graz, 76–77; of Tycho Brahe, 129

Lutherans: attack on Rome, 108–112; banishment from Graz, 117–118, 127–128; at deathbed of Johannes Kepler, 363; Ferdinand's Catholicization program and, 334; Ferdinand's mission and, 113–114; forced to convert to Catholicism, 138–140; Kepler and Formula of Accord, 212–213; Kepler's exemption and, 120; Kepler's ideas about Calvinists and, 225–226; Kepler's reputation among, 201–202; persecution in Graz, 116–117; planned execution of, 107; suspicions about Kepler, 120–121; welcoming of Kepler in Graz, 152

Luther, Martin, 246–247

Luther's Morning Prayer, 54

 

madness: of Don Carlos, 161; in Habsburg line, 159–160; Prague's history of, 172

Magini, Giovanni Antonio: death of, 251; Galileo's telescope and, 215, 217

magnetism, 187

Malleus Malificarum
, 235

Mansfield, Ernst von, 334, 347

maps, 80

Margretta (Bastian Meyer's housewife), 21

Maria of Spain, 159–160, 162

marriage: by Catholic priest, 127; Kepler's letter about, 85; Kepler's marriage to Barbara Müller, 85, 99–100, 114–116; Kepler's marriage to Susanna Reuttinger, 254; of Margaretha Kepler and Georg Binder, 204; marriage portraits of Johannes and Barbara Kepler,
86
; problems of Keplers, 196–202

Mars: astrology and, 57; Kepler on, 185–186; Kepler's polyhedral hypothesis and, 81; Kepler's work on orbit of, 130–131, 152, 177; moons of, 222; motion of, 174, 175–176

Mästlin, Michael: advice about Kepler's predictions, 57; calendar and, 96–97, 98–99; Copernican universe and, 59–60, 63;
Epitome Astronomiae
by, 323, 325; Galileo and Kepler and, 218; Kepler and Formula of Concord, 250; Kepler assigned to study with, 56; Kepler's astronomy and, 91; Kepler's letter seeking position at Tübingen, 140; Kepler's polyhedral hypothesis and, 82; Kepler's request for job, 128; letter from Kepler to, 85, 101, 114; letter to Kepler, 118, 151–152; portrait of,
70
; publication of Kepler's book and, 93–94, 95; refusal to work with others, 154; Tübingen University and Kepler, 212, 213; Tycho Brahe and Kepler and, 122–123

mathematics: harmony and, 327–328, 331–333; importance of, 41; John Dee's interest in, 182; Kepler as imperial mathematician, 156; Kepler as mathematics teacher at Graz, 71–84; Kepler discharged from district mathematician, 139; Kepler's work on planetary motions and, 177; wine cask measurement, 323–324

Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor: ambitions of, 159; attack on Prague and, 224; death of, 293; described, 165; Kepler as imperial mathematician, 240–241; portrait of,
192
; Rudolf II's fears about, 164; Second Defenestration of Prague and, 275–276, 277, 278; summoning of Kepler to Prague, 267; takes power from Rudolf II, 208–211

Maulbronn, Cistercian abbey at, 44, 50

Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor: death of, 161–162; as Renaissance man, 158; Rudolf II's childhood and, 160

mechanical devices, 163–164

Medician Stars: Galileo's discovery of, 214; viewing of, 217

Medici, Julian de': Galileo and, 219; Kepler and Galileo and, 216, 221; Kepler's need for telescope and, 218

medicine, 135–136

Melanchthon, Philipp: astrology and, 42–43; beliefs of, 41–42; grammar book of, 38

Melvill, James, 25–26

memorandum, 132

men, 193–196

Mercury: motions of, 174; in seventh house, 32

Meteorologica
(Aristotle), 57

Milky Way, 214

Minckwicz, Councilor, 155

mind: human mind/God's mind, 92, 93; Kepler's beliefs about, 331, 332

money: Barbara Kepler's complaints about, 153; Katharina Kepler's trial and, 299, 300; Kepler's concerns about, 89; Kepler's relationship to, 32; for Kepler's self-publishing, 324–325; for marriage to Barbara Müller, 99; for printing
Astronomia Nova
, 206–207; printing of
Rudolphine Tables
and, 342–343; problems of Kepler in Prague, 150, 197–198;
Rudolphine Tables
and, 345

moon: Kepler's book about, 360; Kepler's ideas about motion of, 136–138; Kepler's work on, 125; orbit of, 131; rough body of, 217; tides and, 187

moons, of Jupiter, 214, 219–220

More, Thomas, 353

Most Fortunate Spanish Armada, 49

Müller, Barbara.
See also
Kepler, Barbara: cancellation of marriage, 96; Kepler's courtship of, 89–90; marriage/children of, 114–116; marriage portrait of,
86
; marriage to Johannes Kepler, 85, 99–100; political situation in Graz, 103

Müller, Jobst: Barbara and Regina and, 121–122; cancellation of marriage, 96; control over Barbara, 199; conversion to
Müller, Jobst, Catholicism, 138; death of, 152; Kepler's courtship of Barbara and, 89, 90

Müller, Marx, 90

Müller, Vitus: Kepler's dissertation and, 67; Kepler's moon story and, 360; philosophy professor to Kepler, 58

museum (
Kunstkammer
): knowledge as part of, 180; of Rudolf II, 159, 162–163, 164

music, 126–127, 330

Mydlár, Jan, 317–319

Mysterium Cosmographicum
(Kepler).
See Prodomus Dissertationum Cosmographicarum, Continens Mysterium Cosmographicum,
the
Forerunner of the Cosmological Essays, Which Contains the Secret of the Universe
(Kepler)

 

Narratio de Jovis Satellitibus, The Story of the Satellites of Jupiter
(Kepler), 220

natural law, 40–42

natural philosophers, 177–181

Nestler, Hanns, 286–287

A New Stereometry of Wine Casks, Nova Stereometrica Doliorum Vinariorum
(Kepler), 323–325

Newton, Sir Isaac: alchemy and, 203; astrology and, 43; calculus and, 324; failure to credit Kepler, 5; Kepler's motion of moon theories and, 137; Kepler's polyhedral hypothesis and, 82; law of gravity, 187; mythology of, 4

New Town (Prague), 169

Nicea, Council of, 97

Nicholas of Cusa: geometrical mysticism of, 58; geometry and, 83; infinite cosmos of, 60

Nova Stereometrica Doliorum Vinariorum, A New Stereometry of Wine Casks
(Kepler), 323–325

Nov' y Svet, 169

numerology, 83

 

Oberdorfer, Johannes, 89

observational data: astronomers protectiveness of, 153–154; of Tycho Brahe, 130, 205–206

occult: Edward Kelley and John Dee, 181–184; Kepler's view of, 203

octahedron, 81

odometer, 163–164

Old Town (Prague): emperors and, 171; execution of Protestants in, 317–319; Kepler's residence in, 170

On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres, De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium
(Copernicus), 14, 66

optics: of Galileo's telescope, 217; Keplers laws of, 220–221; Kepler's rules of refraction, 172

orthodoxy, 112–113

Osiander, Andreas, 66

Osiander, Lukas, 320–321

Osius, Heinrich, 89

 

Pädagodium
, 44

pagans, 234

Palatinate, 297, 298.
See also
Friedrich V, King of Bohemia

Papius, Johann, 77, 96

Pascal, Blaise, 329

Paul III, Pope, 111–112

Paul IV, Pope, 112

Peace of Augsburg, 24, 76

peasant revolts, 79–80, 337–338

Peppenheim, Count, 338

Peregrinatio Contra Nuncium Sydereum, The Sojourn Against the Starry Messenger
(Horky), 215