The Animal Manifesto (33 page)

bears

human coexistence with,
50–51

human environmental impact on,
47
,
210

impact of captivity on,
155–56

killing of,
35–37

mistreatment of, in zoos,
162

rescues of,
88

trapping of,
173

Beau (dog),
94

beavers,
139

Beck, Benjamin,
202–3

bees, sentient behavior of,
60–61

Begley, Sharon,
129–30

Belloni, Francis,
154

Bennison, Rod,
107

Berlin Zoo,
132–33

Berry, Joyce,
197

Berry, Thomas,
23
,
24
,
104
,
196
,
206

Best Friends Animal Society,
3

Beston, Harry,
99–100

Bexell, Sarah,
114
,
169
,
170–71
,
204

Bhavnager University (Gujyrat, India),
154

Binti Jua (gorilla),
91–93

birds

compassionate behavior of,
85–86
,
87–88

human environmental impact on,
44–45
,
47
,
210

legal protection of,
49

migratory patterns of,
47

numbers of, as pets,
32

sentient behavior of,
56
,
57
,
64–65
,
95–97

Black Beauty
(Sewell),
77

Blumenauer, Earl,
185

Boo, Jasmijn de,
179

Born Free USA,
184–85

Born to Be Good
(Keltner),
104
,
195–96

Bossley, Mike,
60

Boulder
(CO),
5
,
34

Boulder County Jail,
36

Boyle, Paul,
169–70

Bradshaw, Gay,
43–44

Brakes, Philippa,
86
,
140–41

Bronx Zoo,
165

Brusher, John,
156

Bubbles (crayfish),
110

bullfighting,
179–80

bull riding,
159

Burns, James,
69

Butch (dog),
108

butterflies,
203–4

C

calf roping,
159

California,
180
,
183

CAM (Chorioallantoic Membrane) Test,
144

Cameroon,
185–86

Caminiti, Roberto,
147

cancer, war on,
146

Candy (elephant),
166–67

Captive Primate Safety Act,
184–85

captivity, effects of

on bears,
155–56

in circuses,
158–59

on elephants,
73–74
,
165–68

research results and,
152–53

in zoos/aquariums,
160–62

capture myopathy,
155

carbon footprint, of industrial agriculture,
119–20
,
124

Carnegie Mellon Institute,
121

Carson, Rachel,
9

Cashew (dog),
90

cats

compassionate behavior of,
90

laboratory mistreatment of,
172

numbers of, as pets,
32

veterinary bills for,
32

Cattet, Marc,
155–56

Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing,
181

Center for Consumer Freedom,
8

Charles River Laboratories, Inc.,
134–35

Chengdu Zoo (China),
187–88

chickens,
115
,
143–44
,
173

chimpanzees

cage sizes for,
107

as laboratory animals,
149
,
173

as pets,
38–40

sentient behavior of,
62
,
64
,
70–71

zoo exhibits for,
188

China,
108–9
,
179
,
l87–88

Churchill Downs (Louisville, KY),
5

circuses

animal mistreatment in,
128–29
,
136
141–42
,
157–59
,
173

as entertainment,
157

climate change.
See
global warming clothing,
122
,
123

CNN,
66
,
131–32

Coalition to Abolish the Draize Test,
181

Coetzee, J. M.,
1

coexistence with animals,
47–48

awe and,
23–25

companion animals,
30–33

defined,
34

ethical choices involved in,
48–49

human environmental impact and,
44–47
,
210–11

human responsibilities in,
37–38
,
211–12

law and,
29–30

speciesism as impediment to,
25–29

wild animals,
33–44

cognitive ethology,
57

Colgate-Palmolive,
144

Colorado,
182–83

Colorado Division of Wildlife (CDOW),
35–36
,
40–41
,
190–92

Colorado State University,
191

Community Markets for Conservation (COMACO),
195

companion animals

animal researchers as owners of,
110

compassion of,
93–95

euthanizing decisions,
98–100

human relationship with,
30–33

primates as,
38–40
,
184–85

compassion

animal capacity for,
2
,
5–6
,
80–81
,
91–93

in animal rights activism,
187–92
,
199

animals as deserving of,
80–81

animals’ need for,
1–6

gender gap in,
197

human obligation of,
97–100

jen
ratio and,
196

measurement of, in eyes,
95–97

survival and,
104

See also
cross-species compassion

compassion footprint,
3
,
81

coexistence with animals and,
49

community and,
195–96

cultural sensitivity and,
192–95

everyday choices and,
197–98

interdependence and,
104–5

meat diet and,
122–25

reasons for expanding,
9
,
204–6

“Compassion in World Farming” press release,
182–83

consciousness,
60–61

conservation,
194–95

consumer economy,
26

Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal
Science
(journal),
152–53

cooperation,
65–66

cosmetics, and animal testing,
181

cosmic justice,
207–8

Costello, Elizabeth,
1

cows

downer cows,
117
,
173
,
180

meat diet and,
114

sentient behavior of,
114
,
116
,
177–78

slaughtering of,
116
,
177–78

coyotes,
24
,
34–35
,
42
,
173
,
195–96

crabs, sentient behavior of,
57
,
58

Crain, William,
31
,
113
,
114

crayfish,
110

Created from Animals
(Rachels),
27

Creatures Like Us
(Sharpe),
80

Croke, Vicki,
127

Cross River National Park (Nigeria),
186

cross-species compassion

animal eyes and,
95–97

companion animals,
93–95
,
98–100

differences among species and,
79–80

euthanasia and,
98–100

need for,
1–6

scientific support for,
81–88

cross-species relationships,
1–6

Crum, Bill,
147–48

culling,
43–44

cultural sensitivity, and animal rights activism,
192–95

D

Dagg, Anne Innis,
110

Daily Mail,
60
,
63–64
,
82–83
,
83–84
,
87–88

Daily News,
66–67

Dallas Observer,
183

Dallas Zoo,
183

Darwin, Charles,
28
,
195

David Graybeard (chimpanzee),
9

David Sheldrick Wildlife Trust (Nairobi, Kenya),
73

Davis, Karen,
143–44

Davis, Mark,
146

deer,
47–48

deforestation,
120

DeGrazia, David,
112

degus,
59

Denver Zoo,
161
,
162
,
165–67

depression,
75–76

deprivation studies,
150–51

Derbyshire, Stuart,
147

Deschenes, Leanne,
189

Diabetes Research Institute,
151

Dimas, Stavros,
186

disconnection,
105–8
,
112–14
,
125

Discovery Cove marine park (Orlando, FL),
132

disease,
117–18

dissection,
153–54
,
188–89

dogs

compassionate behavior of,
82–83
,
84–85
,
87
,
90–91
,
94

euthanasia decisions,
97–99

mistreatment of,
138
,
172

naming of,
108–10

numbers of, as pets,
32

as persons,
111–12

puppy mills,
138

sentient behavior of,
54

therapy dogs,
94
,
106

veterinary bills for,
31–32

Dog Years
(Doty),
94

Dokkoon (elephant),
133–34

Dolly (elephant),
166–67

dolphins

compassionate behavior of,
86

human environmental impact on,
45

mistreatment of,
132

sentient behavior of,
58
,
59–60
,
65

domestication,
38–39

Dominion
(Scully),
130

Doty, Mark,
94

doubt,
74

Douglas-Hamilton, Iain,
71
,
72–73
,
156

downer cows,
117
,
173
,
180

Draize test,
181

dreams,
31

Dr. Hadwen Trust for Humane Research, ducks,
143–44

dung collection,
156

E

Earthlings
(film; 2005),
130

ecological inclusion,
107

ecosystems, balance in,
103–4

Edinburgh (Scotland) Zoo,
170

egalitarianism,
206

Ehrlich, Paul,
200

Eight Belles (racehorse),
5

Einstein, Albert,
112

elephants

as endangered species,
43–44

field research on,
156

as food in poor countries,
193

mistreatment of,
133–34
,
141–42
,
158
,
173

sentient behavior of,
71–74
,
89
,
166–67

zoo exhibit costs,
183

zoo exhibits phased out,
142
,
165–68

Elwood (professor),
58

Emerson, Ralph Waldo,
103

Emotional Lives of Animals, The
(Bekoff),
6

empathy,
74–75

emus,
144

Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior
(Bekoff),
139

Encyclopedia of Animal Rights and Animal
Welfare
(Bekoff),
43–44
,
197

endangered species

gender and,
197

human responsibility for,
78

poaching and,
194–95

public opinion on,
4

wildlife management and,
41

Endangered Species Act,
197

environmental issues

animals affected by,
44–47
,
210

global warming,
26
,
46–47
,
119
,
210

industrial agriculture and,
118–21

public opinion on,
3–4

Environmental Protection Agency (US),
149

environmental vegetarianism,
124

ethology

cognitive,
57

deep,
207

narrative,
7

Ethology
(journal),
69

Etosha National Park (Namibia),
71

EU Observer,
186–87

European Union,
179
,
186

euthanasia,
36–37
,
98–100
,
138
,
167
,
183–84

evolutionary theory,
28

exotic animals, as pets,
38–40
,
184–85

extinction of species,
26
,
43–44

eyes, as measurement of compassion,
95–97
,
163

F

factory farming.
See
industrial agriculture Farm Sanctuary,
180