Authors: James A. Michener
“In Germany he wouldn’t last a week.”
“In England he’ll last forever.”
“You speak as if you love the old fool.”
“I do,” the young man confessed. “He’s a doddering ass, and I love him. Because most of the people at home I love are just like him, and somehow they always do the right thing. You watch, when the decisive battle of this war is fought, Buller will be there, pushing his way ahead, just as he did with the Egyptians.”
“I wish to God he were forty years younger,” the German said.
“Why?”
“Because when our war against England comes, and it will, I would like him to be in command.”
“He will be,” the young man said. “Under a different name. And beware of him.”
As he spoke, he tacked onto the bulletin board a notice from Lord Roberts on the other front; it referred to some of his associate officers in the South African war: Douglas Haig, John French, Julian Byng, Edmund Allenby, Ian Hamilton. They would be the General Bullers whom the Germans would have to face.
With these confused judgments rattling in his head, Major Saltwood watched with pride as General Buller finally figured a way to cross the Tugela, and that night he wrote to Maud, who was busy organizing charities for the wives of Cape men serving with the English forces:
It was damned brilliant, really. Old Buller moved his heavy guns, we get them from the navy, you know, put them on his flank and laid down a hellish barrage, right ahead of our advancing troops. Like a fiery broom he swept away the Boers
.
So at least we’re across this damned river, but I cannot bring my pen to say, “We’ll lift the siege of Ladysmith in five days.” We’ve said that too many times before. But soon we shall be there
.
On 28 February 1900, ninety-five days after he assigned himself the task of relieving Ladysmith, the siege was lifted. Three memorable incidents marked the stirring occasion.
Lord Dundonald, always eager for acclaim, dispatched a unit of his cavalry to be first into town. He followed, and in his company was Winston Churchill, almost a full day ahead of General Buller.
Later, when the general’s more pompous entrance was made, he got his maps mixed up and marched to the wrong gate; the heroic defenders, military and civil, were waiting on the opposite side of town, and when it was pointed out to him that since he and his men were fresh, and on well-rested horses, it might be gracious if he rode to the other side, he said, “I enter here,” and the multitude had to hurry across town to greet him.
And finally, when the defeated Boers were in retreat, some of the cavalrymen saw a chance to chase and destroy. When they started from the town, some of the men who had withstood the siege wanted to join, but could not: “We have no horses. We ate them.”
“Where are those cavalrymen going?” Buller asked Saltwood.
“Pursuing the enemy.”
“Pursue an enemy who’s been honorably defeated? Good God, call our men back. Give the poor devils decent time to lick their wounds.”
“Sir, we’ve been chasing those damned Boers for months. This is our chance to eliminate them.”
From beneath his tight little hat General Buller stared at his South African aide. “Sir, you have none of the instincts of a gentleman.” When Frank tried to protest, Buller put his heavy arm about his shoulder. “Son, if we lose honor in warfare, we lose everything.” And he canceled the pursuit.
General de Groot was bewildered. For more than four months his commando had been abused and misused, and he could do nothing about it. Instead of riding hard and fast in a strike-and-hide tactic, at which his horsemen would have excelled, he had been held in rein and
used in assault efforts. It occurred to him, as he sat with Sybilla after the defeat at Ladysmith, that almost never in these four months had his pony been at a gallop, and rarely a trot.
“You know, Sybilla, we’re losing men all the time. Our burghers won’t tolerate this sort of thing.”
“They’ll come back, when your kind of fighting begins.”
“You can’t have a commando with nine men.”
Then shocking news from the western front reminded them of the harsh possibilities of this war: General Cronje, an obstinate man who believed that the best defense against English arms was a laager, had surrendered.
“What could he have been thinking of?” De Groot asked Jakob. “With four thousand men, you and I could take Durban.”
“It’s a different war over there. General Roberts is in a hurry. He’s no Buller.”
This doleful news, coinciding with Ladysmith, generated a vast depression among the retreating Boers, so that the Venloo Commando was reduced to one hundred and twenty, and when the time came to hand out assignments, those in charge looked at De Groot with pained tolerance: “What can you do, Paulus, with so few?”
“We can attack the cavalry installation,” he replied with that bitter animosity he held for the English lancers.
“They’d slaughter you!”
“We wouldn’t take them head-on.” He was so persuasive that permission was granted for what could only be a suicide attempt, except that he had no intention of allowing it to become so.
He would take his men, including, of course, Van Doorn, and they would move quietly across the Orange Free State to where Generals Roberts and Kitchener held their troops after their big victory over Cronje, and they would ride daringly close to the cavalry cantonment, trusting the natural confusion of a large assembly of horses to mask their approach. They would then dismount, wait till three in the morning, when attention was always at a minimum, sweep in, disrupt the horses, and fight any personnel that might be afoot. In the confusion they would run to their ponies and be off due north, in a direction which the English would not anticipate, because such a move would carry them directly into English lines. De Groot had a plan for what would follow.
“Sounds possible,” Van Doorn said.
“You wouldn’t want a force much bigger than ours,” De Groot said enthusiastically.
“We’ll need expert scouting.”
“I’ve thought of that. We’ve got to know exactly where the English troops are. That’s where Micah comes in.”
Micah proved himself a good scout, always moving with caution. One morning he haltered his pony far beyond English lines while he slipped around sentries, entering boldly the small town upon which the British were centered. Moving freely, he estimated the size and character of the forces, making shrewd guesses as to the length of time they expected to remain in this favorable location.
He stayed in town two days, losing himself within the black population, several of whom guessed his identity; they did not betray him because they were indifferent as to which side won, and if he was to be well rewarded for his mission, they were pleased.
When he regained his pony, satisfied that he knew fairly well the disposition of the army men, he rode south and toward the west to where the cavalry were billeted, and now he faced a much more difficult problem. Again tying his pony at a distant spot, he set out on foot to approach the camp, but this time there was no small town into which he could infiltrate, masking himself among the blacks. He had to move from hillock to hillock, running always the risk that a sortie from the barracks would sweep out across the veld on some practice mission and find him spying upon them.
So he moved with extreme caution until he came within some two hundred yards of the lines where the mounts, big Argentinian horses, were tied. There were more than he had ever seen before, a massive command. The Boers are in trouble, he thought as he studied the fall of the ground, but General de Groot knows what he’s doing.
He had doubts about his own wisdom when a contingent of young men left their tents, sauntered over to their horses, and casually mounted. After tightening straps, they waited for the arrival of their officer, who came at last on a striking red horse much larger than the others. What a fine animal, Micah thought as he watched what had to be a development of considerable danger.
“Heh!” he heard the young officer cry, and the forty-six troops lined up behind him. Using his bare right hand instead of the saber which he kept at his side, he indicated the direction his sortie was to make, and Micah saw with dismay that it would be headed in his
general direction. He flattened himself between two rocks that provided some cover.
A bugle sounded and the men came forth. They rode to within thirty yards of where he hid, not one of them looking right or left; since this was a practice session, they felt no need to stay alert, but suddenly they stopped, looked in his direction, and burst into laughter. For one awful moment he thought they were preparing to lance him as a fixed target, but then he heard at some distance a slight scratching sound. Three little meerkats had come out of their burrows to look at the horsemen, and when one of the men made a lunge at them, they scampered. One of the men shouted, “Bravo, Simmons. Stick three little Boers like that and there’ll be a medal in it for you.”
When they continued their canter they headed right into the area where Micah had left his pony, and he expected at any moment to hear a “Halloo!” There was no cry, and after a long while they galloped back to their camp. He breathed deeply when he saw that they had no pony with them.
Because of his careful scouting he was able to inform General de Groot precisely as to the nature of the two bodies of men: “The soldiers will be there for many days. The cavalry horses stand at the edge of the veld, the men’s tents behind them. They expect an attack from the other side, where the Boers are supposed to be.”
The Venloo Commando did not form a line as they set out on their mission; they straggled over the veld in positions from which each man could dash forward or retreat according to his own judgment. They were engaged in a perilous effort and knew that maximum mobility would be essential. Slowly they covered the neutral ground, then tensed as they approached the land that held the two English contingents. Finally they reached a spot some six hundred yards from the cavalry camp, and here they dismounted.
“Guard the horses,” General de Groot told his blacks, and they were left behind; that is, all stayed with the horses except Micah Nxumalo, who crept forward with the commando to guide his general to where the enemy horses rested.
It was now dusk. Keeping low, they stooped and scurried from rock to rock across the veld, zigzagging their way till they were close upon the English encampment. They would hold these positions for at least six hours during this fine summer night, during which they must not talk or smoke. Insects attacked and there was a good deal of scratching, but in general the men remained silent.
Stars appeared, and the moon, and in the distance a hyena grumbled, then laughed. Familiar constellations climbed to their apex and began their leisurely descent, and over the camp silence reigned. At midnight some cavalrymen came out of a mess tent, stood talking for a while, and bade each other a good rest as they separated.
“Sssst,” De Groot signaled, and his six followers crept forward. They were on a mission which disturbed some of them, for the butchery they contemplated went against the grain of farmers, but a chain of recent defeats had impressed upon them that they were engaged in a struggle which would not end in truce; one side or the other was going to be totally defeated, and it had better not be the Boers, for the penalties they would pay in lost freedom and even the loss of their republics would be terrifying. They must do what had to be done.
So as they approached the encampment, De Groot touched those nearest him, saying nothing but indicating that he expected them to perform their tasks. Some of the men brushed his hand with theirs; others simply nodded in the darkness. When they were within ten yards of the horse corral, he leaped forward boldly and his men followed.
Three of them knocked down barriers and turned hundreds of horses loose. Others grabbed the bridles of seven big horses saddled for emergencies and led them outside. General de Groot and Jakob moved methodically to the line where the officers’ choice mounts were kept and shot them methodically, one after another, killing them in most cases, immobilizing them permanently in others.
There was no panic, no hurry when bugles began to sound, only the piling of inflammables and the striking of matches. Before any English cavalryman could get to the stores, they were ablaze and dark figures were riding away. What infuriated the Englishmen as they rushed onto the scene, powerless to retaliate, for their horses were gone, was that in the light from leaping flames they could see Boers on horseback, galloping among the free horses and shooting them down.
“M’ God!” one young officer cried. “They’re shooting the horses!” In rage he began firing at the retreating Boers, and although everyone knew that the invaders could not be reached, the entire cavalry contingent blazed away at them, firing and cursing as they watched their great steeds go down. When dawn came, both the Englishmen and the Boers realized that the remainder of this war was going to be excessively ugly.
“An inhuman act,” General Kitchener cried when he saw the dead horses. “No civilized man would do such a thing.”
He had no right to be sensitive about what civilized men would do or not do; in the fiery battle that had led to the surrender of General Cronje and his four thousand Boers, a critical moment had come when the English line seemed to be wavering. It could be stabilized only by some drastic action which would command the attention and respect of all. Kitchener had seen the solution.
“Cavalry, charge up the center, and even if you do not reach the Boer laager, blaze away at them.”
“Sir,” the Scottish commander of the horsemen protested, “that would be suicidal.”
Kitchener stiffened. He knew that by ordinary standards the order was insane, but this vast battle was not ordinary. “I command you to charge the laager.”
The Scotsman saluted briskly. “Very well, sir.” He realized that if he disobeyed, he would be court-martialed and perhaps shot, but he also knew that if he obeyed, two hundred of his best men would be slain. He solved the problem in a heroic way. Turning to the brigade, he said, “Retire twenty paces and regroup.” To his four officers he said, “Return to camp and fetch us more ammunition.” When all were safely behind him, he turned to face the distant enemy and started riding slowly toward the laager, as ordered.