The King's Cardinal: The Rise and Fall of Thomas Wolsey (Pimlico) (75 page)

¹⁸²
St. P
, ii, p.101 (
LP
, 111, 3049).

¹⁸³
St. P
, ii, pp.69-70 (
LP
, iii, 1252).

¹⁸⁴
St. P
, ii, p.140, n.1 (
LP
, iv, 4502).

¹⁸⁵
This was Surrey’s own view of his task; see
St. P
, ii, p.73 (
LP
, iii, 1377); also
St. P
, ii, p.37
LP
, iii, 924.

¹⁸⁶
St. P
, ii, pp.72-5 (
LP
, iii, 1377) Surrey to Henry, 30 June 1521.

¹⁸⁷
This is Bradshaw’s view; see Bradshaw, p.64. But since most people shared Surrey’s pessimism, I am not convinced.

¹⁸⁸
St. P
, ii, pp.66-8 (
LP
, iii, 1252).

¹⁸⁹
St. P
, ii pp.77-82 (
LP
iii, 1447).

¹⁹⁰
Surrey first asked for his recall in June 1521; see
St. P
, ii, p.74 (
LP
, iii, 1377). For the events leading up to his final recall see
St. P
, ii, pp.84-93.

¹⁹¹
St. P
, i, pp.72-3 (
LP
, iii, 1675).

¹⁹²
St. P
, iii, pp.66-68 (
LP
, iii, 1252).

¹⁹³
There is no direct evidence for this, but the circumstantial evidence seems convincing: Ireland was included amongst a number of other matters that the king intended to tackle in an undated memorandum placed at the end of 1519, that has the appearance of a programme for the new era of peace; see
LP
, iii, 576.

¹⁹⁴
St. P
, ii, p.34 (
LP
, iii, 860).

¹⁹⁵
St. P
, ii, p.52 (
LP
, iii, 1004).

¹⁹⁶
St. P
, ii, pp.52 ff. (
LP
, iii, 1004).

¹⁹⁷
St. P
, ii, p.54 (
LP
, iii, 1004).

¹⁹⁸
Bradshaw, pp.78-9; Quinn, p.329.

¹⁹⁹
LP
, iii, 670 [2].

²⁰⁰
LP
, iv, 4277.

²⁰¹
St. P
, i, pp.69-70 (
LP
, iii, 1646).

²⁰²
St. P
, i, pp.72-3, 76-7; ii, pp.88-91 (
LP
, iii, 1675, 1709, 1718).

²⁰³
Inter alia St. P
, ii, p.58 (
LP
, iii, 1037).

²⁰⁴
This was well understood by all those involved; see
inter alia St. P
, ii, pp.129, 136 (
LP
, iv, 4265, 4541);
LP
, iv, 8193.

²⁰⁵
St. P
, ii, pp.104-8 (
LP
, iv, 537).

²⁰⁶
LP
, iv, 81 [2].

²⁰⁷
LP
,, iv, 4556, 4562, 4609.

²⁰⁸
LP
, iv, 4459, 4540-1.

²⁰⁹
St. P
, ii, pp.135-6 (
LP
, iv, 4459).

²¹⁰
St. P
,i, pp.91-2 (
LP
, iii, 1762).

²¹¹
LP
, iv, 2405 (3).

²¹²
LP
, iv, 4878, 4911, 4919, 5002, 5322, 5501, 5620, 5756, 5938;
Carew MSS
, i, 126. Most of the evidence derives from 1528-9, but the historian of seventeenth-century Ireland, Sir James Ware, says that Desmond began his plotting in 1524; see Ware, p.77.

²¹³
Carew MSS
, 126; Holinshed, vi, pp.281; Quinn,
IHS
, xii, pp.333-4.

²¹⁴
LP
, v, 398; Quinn,
IHS
, xxi, pp.336-7.

²¹⁵
St. P
, ii, pp.147-50 (
LP
, iv, 5903).

²¹⁶
Ormond Deeds
, iv, 149.

²¹⁷
St. P
, ii, p.137 (
LP
, iv, 4541).

²¹⁸
Quinn, pp.330-6.

²¹⁹
St. P
, i, pp.72-3 (
LP
, iii, 1675).

²²⁰
St. P
, ii, pp.136-40 (
LP
, iv, 4541).

²²¹
LP
, iii,670.

²²²
St. P
, ii, pp.102-4 a letter to Wolsey 1 June [1524] by an unknown John, sometimes thought to be John Allen, but more likely to be John Rawson, prior of Kilmain.

²²³
St. P
, ii, 102-4.

²²⁴
LP
, iv, 80; Taunton, pp.123-4;
LP
, iv, p.1077.

²²⁵
The rebellion, led in the 9th earl’s son, ‘Silken Thomas’, broke out in autumn 1534 on the death of his father in the Tower, and took almost a year to put down.

²²⁶
LP
, xii [2], 1237.

²²⁷
By the Welsh chronicler Ellis Griffith; see HMC,
Wales
, i, pp.ix-x. For Griffith see Thomas Jones.

²²⁸
R.R. Davies, p.3.

²²⁹
Ibid, pp.67 ff.

²³⁰
Owen Glendower’s rebellion had broken out in 1400 and was to last for about ten years. The exceptional circumstances arose from Henry
IV
’s usurpation.

²³¹
Griffiths,
Principality of Wales
, pp.27 ff.

²³²
Glamorgan County History
, p.275; Owen, p.27-8.

²³³
Wales and Monmouthshire
, app.3 for Holt’s memorandum.

²³⁴
Glamorgan County History
, p.308.

²³⁵
Though not formally abolished; see J.B. Smith, pp.157 ff.

²³⁶
Griffiths,
Principality of Wales
, p.xix.

²³⁷
Ibid, pp.162ff.; LLoyd, passim.

²³⁸
Ross, pp.76-8.

²³⁹
B.L. Vitellius C i, fo.14; Theophilus Jones, p.363; Pugh,
EHR
, lxxi, pp.436 ff.

²⁴⁰
Pugh,
EHR
, lxxi, pp.436 ff.; Pugh,
Marcher Lordships
, pp.245 ff.

²⁴¹
BL Add. MS.32091, fos.107-9, printed in Skeel, pp.35-6; this to Buckingham as lord of Brecon and Hay.

²⁴²
Pugh,
Marcher Lordships
, pp.45-6;
Registrum Caroli Bothe
, pp.35-6, a letter to the bishop of Hereford of the same date as that to Buckingham.

²⁴³
Pugh,
Marcher Lordships
, pp.271ff.

²⁴⁴
Ibid, p.46.

²⁴⁵
LP
, iv, 5098-9; Theophilus Jones, i, pp.353-64 (though he gives 1533 or 1584 as the date); Pugh,
Marcher Lordships
, p.46; Skeel, pp.54-5.

²⁴⁶
BL Vitellius C i, fos.7v ff; quoted in Madden, pp.4 ff.; also Skeel, pp.49 ff.

²⁴⁷
Inter alia
Skeel, p.49. For the preamble itself see BL Vitellius C i, fo.7v (Madden, p.2).

²⁴⁸
B.L. Vitellius C i, fo.16.

²⁴⁹
Ibid, fo.14.

²⁵⁰
Griffiths,
Principality of Wales
, pp.162 ff.; D. Jones, pp.81 ff; LLoyd, pp.54 ff.

²⁵¹
LLoyd, pp.62-4.

²⁵²
St. P
, i, p.72 (
LP
, iii, 1675).

²⁵³
For its membership see Madden, p.xxxiv.

²⁵⁴
Elton,
Reform and Reformation
, p.203;
Glamorgan County History
, pp.562-3; P. Williams,
Council in the Marches
, pp.13-5.

²⁵⁵
LP
, vi, 210.

²⁵⁶
Glamorgan County History
, p.565; P. Williams, pp.15ff.

²⁵⁷
Glamorgan County History
, p.563.

²⁵⁸
W.R.B. Robinson, p.350.

²⁵⁹
LP
, iv, 2448.

²⁶⁰
LP
, iv, 4079.

²⁶¹
LP
, iv, 4470.

²⁶²
LP
, iv, 5345.

²⁶³
For Ferrers’ bill of indictment against ap Griffith see PRO STAC 18/234, printed in D. Jones, pp.192-5; see also LLoyd, pp.75ff.; Rees, pp.45 ff; W.L. Williams, pp.1 ff.

²⁶⁴
David Jones, p.194.

²⁶⁵
HMC,
Wales
, i, p.x.

²⁶⁶
Thomas Jones, p.11.

²⁶⁷
HMC,
Wales
, i, pp.ix-x.

²⁶⁸
Suggested by Williams (W.L. Williams, p.23), but rejected by Lloyd (Lloyd, p.98).

²⁶⁹
Ives,
Bulletin of the John Rylands Library
, 52, pp.364 ff.

²⁷⁰
Roberts, pp.49-70, but see also Rees, pp.27-100.

²⁷¹
LP
, x, 453.