The Paleo Diet for Athletes (42 page)

Read The Paleo Diet for Athletes Online

Authors: Loren Cordain,Joe Friel

BOOK: The Paleo Diet for Athletes
11.42Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub

Layman, D. K. Role of leucine in protein metabolism during exercise and recovery.
Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology
27 (2002): 646-62.

Layman, D. K., R. A. Boileau, D. J. Erickson, J. E. Painter, H. Shiue, C. Sather, and D. D. Christou. A reduced ratio of dietary carbohydrate to protein improves body composition and blood lipid profiles during weight loss in adult women.
Journal of Nutrition
133, no. 2 (February 2003): 411-17.

Lejeune, M. P., E. M. Kovacs, and M. S. Westerterp-Plantenga. Additional protein intake limits weight regain after weight loss in humans.
British Journal of Nutrition
93, no. 2 (February 2005): 281-89.

Lemon, P. W., J. M. Berardi, and E. E. Noreen. The role of protein and amino acid supplements in the athlete’s diet: Does type or timing of ingestion matter?
Current Sports Medicine Reports
1 (2002): 214-21.

Levenhagen, D. K., J. D. Gresham, M. G. Carlson, D. J. Maron, M. J. Borel, and P. J. Flakoll. Postexercise nutrient intake timing in humans is critical to recovery of leg glucose and protein homeostasis.
American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
280 (2001): E982-93.

Ludwig, D. S. The glycemic index: Physiological mechanisms relating to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
JAMA
287 (2002): 2414-23.

Luscombe-Marsh, N. D., M. Noakes, G. A. Wittert, J. B. Keogh, P. Foster, and P. M. Clifton. Carbohydrate-restricted diets high in either monounsaturated fat or protein are equally effective at promoting fat loss and improving blood lipids.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
81, no. 4 (April 2005): 762-72.

May, R. C., J. L. Bailey, W. E. Mitch, T. Masud, and B. K. England. Glucocorticoids and acidosis stimulate protein and amino acid catabolism in vivo.
Kidney International
49 (1996): 679-83.

McAuley, K. A., C. M. Hopkins, K. J. Smith, R. T. McLay, S. M. Williams, R. W. Taylor, and J. I. Mann. Comparison of high-fat and high-protein diets with a high-carbohydrate diet in insulin-resistant obese women.
Diabetologia
48, no. 1 (January 2005): 8-16.

Noakes, M., J. B. Keogh, P. R. Foster, and P. M. Clifton. Effect of an energy-restricted, high-protein, low-fat diet relative to a conventional high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet on weight loss, body composition, nutritional status, and markers of cardiovascular health in obese women.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
81, no. 6 (June 2005): 1298-306.

Nuttall, F. Q., and M. C. Gannon. The metabolic response to a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Metabolism
55, no. 2 (February 2006): 243-51.

Rasmussen, B. B., K. D. Tipton, S. L. Miller, S. E. Wolf, and R. R. Wolfe. An oral essential amino acid-carbohydrate supplement enhances muscle protein anabolism after resistance exercise.
Journal of Applied Physiology
88, no. 2 (February 2000): 386-92.

Remer, T. Influence of nutrition on acid-base balance: Metabolic aspects.
European Journal of Nutrition
40 (2001): 214-20.

Remer, T., and F. Manz. Potential renal acid load of foods and its influence on urine pH.
Journal of the American Dietetic Association
95 (1995): 791-97.

Rowlands, D. S., K. Rössler, R. M. Thorp, D. F. Graham, B. W. Timmons, S. R. Stannard, and M. A. Tarnopolsky. Effect of dietary protein content during recovery from high-intensity cycling on subsequent performance and markers of stress, inflammation, and muscle damage in well-trained men.
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism
33, no. 1 (February 2008): 39-51.

Samaha, F. F., N. Iqbal, P. Seshadri, K. L. Chicano, D. A. Daily, J. McGrory, T. Williams, M. Williams, E. J. Gracely, and L. Stern. A low-carbohydrate as compared with a low-fat diet in severe obesity.
New England Journal of Medicine
348 (2003): 2074-81.

Saunders, M. J. Coingestion of carbohydrate-protein during endurance exercise: Influence on performance and recovery.
International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
17 (August 2007): S87-103.

Sears, B.
The Zone.
New York: Harper Trade, 1995.

Sebastian, A., L. A. Frassetto, D. E. Sellmeyer, R. L. Merriam, and R. C. Morris Jr. Estimation of the net acid load of the diet of ancestral preagricultural
Homo sapiens
and their hominid ancestors.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
76, no. 6 (December 2002): 1308-16.

Sebastian, A., S. T. Harris, J. H. Ottaway, K. M. Todd, and R. C. Morris Jr. Improved mineral balance and skeletal metabolism in postmenopausal women treated with potassium bicarbonate.
New England Journal of Medicine
330, no. 25 (June 1994): 1776-81.

Shaw, A., L. Fulton, C. Davis, and M. Hogbin. Using the food guide pyramid: A resource for nutrition educators. US Department of Agriculture. Food, Nutrition, and Consumer Services, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion. Washington, DC.
http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/Fpyr/guide.pdf
.

Steward, H. L., M. C. Bethea, S. S. Andrews, and L. A. Balart.
Sugar Busters: Cut Sugar to Trim Fat.
New York: Ballantine Books, 1998.

Taubes, G. What if it’s all been a big fat lie?
New York Times Magazine,
July 7, 2002.

Thomson, J. S., A. Ali, and D. S. Rowlands. Leucine-protein supplemented recovery feeding enhances subsequent cycling performance in well-trained men.
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism
36, no. 2 (April 2011): 242-53.

Tipton, K. D., B. B. Rasmussen, S. L. Miller, S. E. Wolf, S. K. Owens-Stovall, B. E. Petrini, and R. R. Wolfe. Timing of amino acid-carbohydrate ingestion alters anabolic response of muscle to resistance exercise.
American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
281, no. 2 (August 2001): E197-206.

Trinchieri, A., G. Zanetti, A. Curro, and R. Lizzano. Effect of potential renal acid load of foods on calcium metabolism of renal calcium stone formers.
European Urology
39, suppl. no. 2 (2001): 33-36.

Valentine, R. J., M. J. Saunders, M. K. Todd, and T. G. St. Laurent. Influence of carbohydrate-protein beverage on cycling endurance and indices of muscle disruption.
International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
18, no. 4 (August 2008): 363-78.

Weigle, D. S., P. A. Breen, C. C. Matthys, H. S. Callahan, K. E. Meeuws, V. R. Burden, and J. Q. Purnell. A high-protein diet induces sustained reductions in appetite, ad libitum caloric intake, and body weight despite compensatory changes in diurnal plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations.
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
82, no. 1 (July 2005): 41-48.

Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S., M. P. Lejeune, I. Nijs, M. van Ooijen, and E. M. Kovacs. High protein intake sustains weight maintenance after body weight loss in humans.
International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders
28, no. 1 (January 2004): 57-64.

CHAPTER 2

Achten, J., and A. E. Jeukendrup. The effect of pre-exercise carbohydrate feedings on the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation.
Journal of Sports Science
21, no. 12 (2003): 1017-24.

Alghannam, A. F. Carbohydrate-protein ingestion improves subsequent running capacity towards the end of a football-specific intermittent exercise.
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism
36, no. 5 (2011): 748-57.

Anderson, M. E., C. R. Bruce, S. F. Fraser, N. K. Stepto, R. Klein, W. G. Hopkins, and J. A. Hawley. Improved 2000-meter rowing performance in competitive oarswomen after caffeine ingestion.
International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
10, no. 4 (2000): 464-75.

Armstrong, L. E., A. C. Pumerantz, M. W. Roti, D. A. Judelson, G. Watson, J. C. Dias, B. Sokmen, D. J. Casa, C. M. Maresh, H. Lieberman, and M. Kellogg. Fluid, electrolyte, and renal indices of hydration during 11 days of controlled caffeine consumption.
International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
15, no. 3 (2005): 252-65.

Berneis, K., R. Ninnis, D. Haussinger, and U. Keller. Effects of hyper- and hypo-osmolality on whole body protein and glucose kinetics in humans.
American Journal of Physiology
276 (1999): E188-95.

Berning, J. R., M. M. Leeuders, K. Ratliff, et al. The effects of a high-carbohydrate preexercise meal in the consumption of confectionaries of different glycemic indices.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
25, no. 5 (1993): S125.

Cox, G. R., B. Desbrow, P. G. Montgomery, M. E. Anderson, C. R. Bruce, T. A. Macrides, D. T. Martin, A. Moquin, A. Roberts, J. A. Hawley, and L. M. Burke. Effect of different protocols of caffeine intake on metabolism and endurance performance.
Journal of Applied Physiology
93, no. 3 (2002): 990-99.

Graham, T. E. Caffeine and exercise: Metabolism, endurance, and performance.
Sports Medicine
31, no. 11 (2001): 785-807.

Hargreaves, M., J. A. Hawley, and A. E. Jeukendrup. Pre-exercise carbohydrate and fat ingestion: Effects on metabolism and performance.
Journal of Sports Science
22, no. 1 (2004): 31-38.

Jenkinson, D. M., and A. J. Harbert. Supplements and sports.
American Family Physician
78, no. 9 (2008): 1039-46.

Jentjens, R. L., C. Cale, C. Gutch, and A. E. Jeukendrup. Effects of pre-exercise ingestion of differing amounts of carbohydrate on subsequent metabolism and cycling performance.
European Journal of Applied Physiology
88 (January 2003): 444-52.

Kirwan, J. P., D. O’Gorman, D. Campbell, et al. A low glycemic meal 45 minutes before exercise improves performance.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
28, no. 5 (1996): S768.

Kovacs, E. M. R., J. H. C. H. Stegen, and F. Brouns. Effect of caffeinated drinks on substrate metabolism, caffeine excretion, and performance.
Journal of Applied Physiology
85, no. 2 (1998): 709-15.

Lemon, P. W., and E. E. Noreen. Unpublished paper, 2003.

McArdle, W. D., F. I. Katch, and V. L. Katch.
Exercise Physiology.
Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1996.

Moore, L. J., A. W. Midgley, S. Thurlow, G. Thomas, L. R. McNaughton. Effect of the glycaemic index of a pre-exercise meal on metabolism and cycling time trial performance.
Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
13, no. 1 (2010): 182-88.

Moseley, L., G. I. Lancaster, and A. E. Jeukendrup. Effects of timing of pre-exercise ingestion of carbohydrate on subsequent metabolism and cycling performance.
European Journal of Applied Physiology
88 (January 2003): 453-58.

Paluska, S. A. Caffeine and exercise.
Current Sports Medicine Report
2, no. 4 (2003): 213-19.

Thomas, D. E., J. R. Brotherhood, and J. C. Brand. Carbohydrate feeding before exercise: Effect of glycemic index.
International Journal of Sports Medicine
12 (1991): 180-86.

Van Proeyen, K., K. Szlufoik, H. Nielens, M. Ramaekers, and P. Hespel. Beneficial metabolic adaptations due to endurance exercise training in the fasted state.
Journal of Applied Physiology
110, no. 1 (2010): 236-45.

Van Thuyne, W., and F. T. Delbeke. Distribution of caffeine levels in urine in different sports in relation to doping control before and after the removal of caffeine from the WADA doping list.
International Journal of Sports Medicine
27, no. 9 (September 2006): 745-50.

White, J. P., J. M. Wilson, K. G. Austin, B. K. Greer, N. St. John, and L. B. Panton. Effect of carbohydrate-protein supplement timing on acute exercise-induced muscle damage.
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
19, no. 5 (2008): 5.

Wilmore, J. H., and D. L. Costill.
Physiology of Sport and Exercise.
Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1994.

Wolfe, R. R. Effects of amino acid intake on anabolic processes.
Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology
26 (December 2001): S220-27.

Wu, C. L., and C. Williams. A low glycemic index meal before exercise improves endurance running capacity in men.
International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
16, no. 5 (2006): 510-27.

CHAPTER 3

Almond, C. S., E. B. Fortescue, A. Y. Shin, R. Mannix, and D. S. Greenes. Risk factors for hyponatremia among runners in the Boston Marathon.
Academy of Emergency Medicine
10, no. 5 (2003): 534-35.

Barr, S. I., D. L. Costill, and W. J. Fink. Fluid replacement during prolonged exercise: Effects of water, saline, or no fluid.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
23, no. 7 (1991): 811-17.

Below, O., and E. F. Coyle. Fluid and carbohydrate ingestion individually benefit exercise lasting one hour.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
27 (1995): 200-210.

Blomstrand, E., F. Celsing, and E. A. Newsholme. Changes in plasma concentrations of aromatic and branched-chain amino acids during sustained exercise in man and their possible role in fatigue.
Acta Physiologica Scandinavica
133, no. 1 (1988): 115-21.

Blomstrand, E., P. Hassmen, S. Ek, B. Ekblom, and E. A. Newsholme. Influence of ingesting a solution of branched-chain amino acids on perceived exertion during exercise.
Acta Physiologica Scandinavica
159, no. 1 (1997): 41-49.

Blomstrand, E., P. Hassmen, B. Ekblom, and E. A. Newsholme. Administration of branched-chain amino acids during sustained exercise: Effects on performance and on plasma concentration of some amino acids.
European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology
63, no. 2 (1991): 83-88.

Blomstrand, E., and E. A. Newsholme. Effect of branched-chain amino acid supplementation on the exercise-induced change in aromatic amino acid concentration in human muscle.
Acta Physiologica Scandinavica
146, no. 3 (1992): 293-98.

Other books

Down & Dirty by Madison, Reese
The Mum-Minder by Jacqueline Wilson
The Lisa Series by Charles Arnold
A Perfect Fit by Lynne Gentry
Before the Dawn by Kristal Lim
Family Ties by Danielle Steel
Cheetah by Wendy Lewis