The Woodvilles: The Wars of the Roses and England's Most Infamous Family (42 page)

11
   Lander,
Crown and Nobility
, pp. 247–48; Hicks,
False, Fleeting, Perjur’d Clarence
, pp. 137–39; Scofield,
Edward IV
, vol. II, pp. 186–88.

12
   Charles Ross,
Edward IV
, pp. 240–42; Hicks,
Clarence
, 133–37; Scofield,
Edward IV
, vol. II, pp. 188–90.

13
   PROME, January 1478, Appendix, item 1.

14
   Crowland, pp. 145–47.

15
   Ross,
Edward IV
, pp. 242–43; Hicks,
False, Fleeting, Perjur’d Clarence
, 200–04;
CPR
, 1476–85, p. 115.

16
   Mancini, pp. 63–65.

17
   Pollard, ‘Elizabeth Woodville and Her Historians’, p. 156.

18
   Mancini, p. 97.

19
   PROME, January 1484, item 1 [5].

20
   Commynes, vol. II, pp. 63–64.

21
   Kendall, pp. 147, 259–60, 532 n.8, 555–56. Notably, Kendall cites Richard’s letter of instructions regarding the Earl of Desmond, discussed in Chapter 3, to support his claim that the Woodvilles procured Clarence’s death, despite the fact that Richard’s letter regarding Desmond never mentions the Woodvilles, explicitly or implicitly.

22
   Levine,
Tudor Dynastic Problems
, p. 30 & n. 66.

23
   Kendall, p. 259;
Foedora
vol. 12, p. 66;
Stonor Letters and Papers
, vol. II, p. 41–42;
CPR
, 1476–85, p. 102.

24
   
CPR
, 1476–85, pp. 553–54.

25
   Charles Ross,
Edward IV
, pp. 253–54; Scofield,
Edward IV
, vol. II, p. 245 & n. 4.

26
   
CPR
, 1476–85, pp. 553–54, 565–66, 571.

  
1
   For what follows see Scofield,
Edward IV
, vol. II, pp. 251–53.

  
2
   Records of the Parliament of Scotland.

  
3
   
York House Books
, vol. I, p. 196.

  
4
   Scofield,
Edward IV
, vol. II, p. 253.

  
5
   For what follows see Griffiths in Sutton and Visser-Fuchs,
Royal Funerals
, pp. 47–53.

  
6
   Kendall, pp. 197, 254.

  
7
   
Calendar of Papal Registers
, vol. 13, 7 January 1482.

  
8
   John A.F. Thomson, ‘Woodville, Lionel (c. 1454–1484)’,
ODNB
September 2011.

  
9
   
PL
, vol. I, p. 645, no. 403.

10
   Davis,
William Waynflete
, p. 33.

11
   
Calendar of Papal Registers
, vol. 13, 14 July 1479.

12
   
English Historical Documents
, p. 903.

13
   Morant,
History and Antiquities of the County of Essex
, vol. I, p. 252.

14
   Pidgeon, ‘Anthony Wydeville’, part 2, p. 20; Scott, part 2, p. 170

15
   Hicks, ‘Changing Role’, p. 221; Pidgeon,, ‘Anthony Wydeville’, part 2, pp. 21–22.

16
   Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond, had borne the future Henry VII when she was just 13, but such cases were fortunately rare; even among the nobility, where girls often wed at very young ages, consummation was often delayed until the bride was 15 or 16.

17
   
Privy Purse Expenses
, pp. 163–65; Scofield,
Edward IV
, vol. II, p. 284.

18
   Scofield,
Edward IV
, vol. II, p. 295–96.

19
   Hellinga, pp. 29–31, 48

20
   Armstrong, ‘Piety of Cicely, Duchess of York’, p. 85; Sutton and Visser-Fuchs,
Royal Funerals
, p. 4 n.7.

21
   F.M.,
Gentleman’s Magazine
, 1831, p. 25; Routh, ‘Princess Bridget’, pp. 13–14.

22
   Davis,
William Waynflete
, p. 70–71; Wood,
History and Antiquities
, vol. 1, pp. 637–38. For Richard Woodville’s position, see Calto and Evans, p. 736.

23
   Philomena Jones, ‘Anne Mowbray’, in Petre, p. 88.

24
   R.G. Davies, ‘Beauchamp, Richard (d. 1481)’,
ODNB
, online edition, May 2009.

25
   
Calendar of Papal Registers
, 7 January 1481/82.

26
   Muller, Stephen Gardiner, p. 306; C.D.C. Armstrong, ‘Gardiner, Stephen (c.1495x8–1555)’,
ODNB
, online edition, January 2008.

27
   Sutton and Visser-Fuchs,
Royal Funerals
, pp. 58–60.

28
   For what follows see Ross,
Edward IV
, pp. 287–90; Ross,
Richard III
, 45–47; Jones, ‘Richard III as a Soldier’, p. 100; Wilkins, pp. 76–78.

29
   
Coventry Leet Records
, p. 505.

30
   
Crowland
, p. 149.

  
1
   Ives, ‘Andrew Dymmock’, pp. 228–29. The letter bears no year, but Ives makes a strong argument for the proper year being 1483.

  
2
   Orme, ‘Education of Edward V’, pp. 124–29.

  
3
   Ives, pp. 223–25.

  
4
   Carson,
Maligned King
, pp. 35–36

  
5
   PROME, January 1483, Introduction.

  
6
   In the 1450s, the future Edward IV and his brother requested that the delivery of their new bonnets – clearly not an undertaking fraught with secrecy – be by ‘the next sure messenger’. Scofield,
Edward IV
, vol. 1, p. 20.

  
7
   Ross,
Richard III
, p. 187; Ross,
Edward IV
, pp. 336–37; Driver, ‘Sir Thomas St Leger’, pp. 213, 216; PROME, January 1483, Introduction and items 20 and 21.

  
8
   
Crowland
, p. 151; Mancini, pp. 59, 107 n.5; Scofield,
Edward IV
, vol. II, p. 365; Commynes, vol. II, pp. 62, 87.

  
9
   
Crowland
, p. 149.

10
   Mancini, pp. 59–61, 107–08 n. 7;
Crowland
, p. 153.

11
   Palliser, ‘Richard III and York’, p. 56.

12
   Kendall,
Richard the Third
, pp. 193–94.

13
   Mancini, p. 71;
Crowland
, p. 155.

14
   Armstrong, ‘Some Examples of the Distribution and Speed of News’, p. 450.

15
   Kendall, p. 200; Ross,
Richard III
, p. 66; Roskell, ‘The Office and Dignity of Protector’, p. 196.

16
   
The Logge Register of PCC Wills
, no. 105, p. 329.

17
   
Crowland
, p. 155; Mancini, pp. 69–72.

18
   More, pp. 11, 52.

19
   Ives, pp. 221–22; Gairdner,
History of the Life and Reign of Richard the Third
, p. 394.

20
   
Crowland
, p. 153–55.

21
   Mancini, pp. 71–75.

22
   
Crowland
, p. 155.

23
   Pollard,
Richard III and the Princes in the Tower
, p. 97; Charles Ross,
Richard III
, p. 68 & n.18.

24
   Hicks,
Wars of the Roses
, pp. 216–17.

25
   Mancini, p. 75.

26
   
Edward IV’s French Expedition
, p. 14.

27
   Jones, ‘Richard III as a Soldier’, p. 98.

28
   Rawcliffe,
The Staffords
, pp. 30–31.

29
   Harris,
Edward Stafford
, p. 21.

30
   British Library Additional Manuscripts 6113, folio 74d.

31
   Sutton and Visser-Fuchs,
Royal Funeral
, pp. 17–31.

32
   Rous,
Historia Regum Angliae,
p. 212.

33
   For what follows see Mancini, 75–79, 116 n.46;
Crowland
, pp. 155–57; More, 18–21.

34
   Rivers’s stay at Sheriff Hutton can be seen from his will; see Appendix. For Grey, see Pollard,
Worlds of Richard III
.

35
   Mancini, p. 81; Horrox, ‘Financial Memoranda’, p. 211; Wilkins, pp. 87–89.

36
   
Crowland
, p. 157; Mancini, p. 79.

37
   Thomson, ‘Bishop Lionel Woodville’, p. 131;
Stonor Letters
, vol. II, p. 159;
Grants from the Crown
, p. 3;
Harleian Ms
433, vol. III, p. 2.

38
   
Crowland
, p. 161.

39
   Kendall, p. 69.

40
   Hicks,
Richard III
, pp. 96–97.

41
   For further discussion along these lines, see Pollard,
Richard III and the Princes in the Tower
, pp. 101–06.

42
   Mancini, p. 83–85.

43
   
Coronation of Richard III
, p. 17;
Crowland
, p. 157–59.

44
   
Grants From the Crown
, pp. 1–3;
Harleian
433, vol. III, pp. 1–2; Wilkins, p. 75;
CPR
, 1476–1485, p. 180; Horrox,
Study in Service
, pp. 102.

45
   Wilkins, pp. 88 & 205 n. 14.

46
   Horrox, ‘Financial Memoranda’, pp. 211, 216; Horrox,
Study in Service
, pp. 102–03; Wilkins, p. 94–95, 177.

47
   Mancini, pp. 85–87; Horrox,
Study in Service
, p. 103.

48
   Griffiths and Thomas,
Making of the Tudor Dynasty
, p. 106.

49
   Horrox,
Study in Service
, pp. 99–100.

50
   Mancini, p. 81.

51
   Horrox,
Study in Service
, p. 91.

52
   Horrox, ‘Financial Memoranda’, p. 210.