Vienna, 1814: How the Conquerors of Napoleon Made Love, War, and Peace at the Congress of Vienna (81 page)

4.
French Foreign Minister, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, Prince de Bénévent,
by Tony Goutière, drawing by Leopold Massard, from a painting by François Gérard. Private Collection. (AKG Images)

5.
Emperor Francis I,
by Friedrich von Amerling. (Kunsthistorisches Museum, Wien)

6.
Alexander I, Emperor of Russia,
by Sir Thomas Lawrence. (The Royal Collection © 2006, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II)

7.
Frederick William III, King of Prussia,
by Sir Thomas Lawrence. (The Royal Collection © 2006, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II)

8.
Britain’s Foreign Secretary Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh,
by Sir Thomas Lawrence. (The Royal Collection © 2006, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II)

9.
Chancellor Prince Karl August von Hardenberg,
by Sir Thomas Lawrence. (The Royal Collection © 2006, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II)

10.
Prussian Ambassador and Scholar, Wilhelm von Humboldt,
by Sir Thomas Lawrence. (The Royal Collection © 2006, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II)

11.
Arthur Wellesley, First Duke of Wellington,
by Sir Thomas Lawrence. (The Royal Collection © 2006, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II)

12.
Princess Bagration,
by Jean-Baptiste Isabey. (© Louvre [
Cabinet de dessins
], Paris, France/Giraudon/The Bridgeman Art Library)

13.
Duchess of Sagan
(from
Freiherr von Bourgoing, Vom Wiener Kongress,
1943)

14.
Dorothée, Comtesse de Périgord,
anonymous engraving based on
Prud’hon
(from
Der Wiener Congress: Culturgeschichte die Bildenden Künste und das Kunstgewerbe Theater—Musik in der Zeit von 1800 bis 1825
by Eduard Leisching, 1898)

15.
Vienna in 1814
(Hendes Majestæt Dronningens Håndbibliotek, Copenhagen/Her Majesty The Queen’s Reference Library, Copenhagen)

16.
View of Vienna Skyline
(Hendes Majestæt Dronningens Håndbibliotek, Copenhagen/Her Majesty The Queen’s Reference Library, Copenhagen)

17.
Emperor Francis I of Austria Greets Tsar Alexander I of Russia and Frederick William III of Prussia, on 25 September 1814, Before Their Entrance to the Congress,
by Johann Nepomuk Hoechle. (AKG Images)

18.
The Hofburg Palace in Vienna. (Hendes Majestæt Dronningens Håndbibliotek, Copenhagen/Her Majesty The Queen’s Reference Library, Copenhagen)

19.
Peace Festival at the Prater, Held on 18 October, 1814, the First Anniversary of the Victory at the Battle of Leipzig,
by Balthasar Wigand. (Wienmuseum)

20.
Ball at Prince Metternich’s During the Congress of Vienna,
wood engravingc. 1880 after Joseph Weiser. (AKG Images)

21.
View of the Imperial and Royal Redoutensaal in the Hofburg During a Masked Ball,
colored engraving by Joseph Schütz. (Wienmuseum)

22.
Grand Carousel Held on November 23
,
1814, in the Winter Riding School,
by Carl Beyer. (Archiv, Bibliothek und Sammlungen der Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Wien)

23.
A page from the score of Beethoven’s unfinished celebration of the Vienna Congress, “The Choir of the Allied Princes.” (Archiv, Bibliothek und Sammlungen der Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Wien)

24.
Twelfth Night, or What You Will!
at the Theatre Royal Europe,
by George Cruickshank. (Anne S. K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library)

25.
Klosterneuberg on the Danube. (Hendes Majestæt Dronningens Håndbibliotek, Copenhagen/Her Majesty The Queen’s Reference Library, Copenhagen)

26.
Gardens at Belvedere with a view of Vienna. (Hendes Majestæt Dronningens Håndbibliotek, Copenhagen/Her Majesty The Queen’s Reference Library, Copenhagen)

27.
Razumovsky Palace,
by Maria Geisler 1812. (Archiv, Bibliothek und Sammlungen der Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Wien)

28.
Portrait of Marshal Charles-Joseph (1735–1814), Prince de Ligne (litho) (b/w photo) Grevedon, Henri (1776–1860) (after). (© Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris France/The Bridgeman Art Library)

29.
Sleigh Ride to Schönbrunn, 22 January 1815,
by Friedrich Philipp Reinhold. (Wienmuseum)

30.
Napoleon at Elba,
by W. Morgan. (Anne S. K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library)

31.
Napoleon camps outside Antibes after his arrival in France. (Anne S. K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library)

32.
Napoleon Returning from Elba,
by Vasily Ivanovich Sternberg (Wilhelm) (1818–45). (© Private Collection/Photo © Christie’s Images/The Bridgeman Art Library)

33.
Louis XVIII leaving the Tuileries. (Anne S. K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library)

34.
Duchess of Richmond Ball,
oil on canvas, by Robert Alexander Hilling-ford. (© Goodwood House, West Sussex, UK/The Bridgeman Art Library)

35.
The Aftermath of Waterloo
(Anne S. K. Brown Military Collection, Brown University Library)

36.
Satire on the Congress in session, copperplate engraving by J. Zutz. (Wienmuseum)

37.
Satirical cartoon depicting the key protagonists in a dance at the Congress of Vienna in 1815 (engraving) by French School (19th century). (© Musée de la Ville de Paris, Musée Carnavalet, Paris, France/Lauros/Giraudon/The Bridgeman Art Library)

A
CKNOWLEDGMENTS

It is a pleasure to thank the many people who have helped over the years I spent researching and writing this book. First, I would like to thank my agent, Suzanne Gluck at the William Morris Agency, for being the greatest and most wonderful agent anyone could ever possibly have. My editor, John A. Glusman, an award-winning historian himself, also deserves the highest awards for his editing. He was always supportive and encouraging, and his insightful comments have enormously improved the narrative.

Among many scholars, historians, experts, archivists, and librarians who have helped in the project, I would like to thank the friendly and professional staffs at Vienna’s Haus-, Hof-, und StaatsArchiv; the Hofburg Palace; Schönbrunn Palace; the Schloß Schönbrunn Kultur-und BetriebsgesmbH; and many other museums and sites around town associated with the congress. Thanks to H. E. Raffaele Berlenghi, Ambassador; Patrizia Fusco; and Cristina Morrone for a superb private tour of Metternich’s summer mansion, now the Italian embassy, and then site of many congress festivities and meetings. Dr. Elisabeth Hassmann at the Wagenburg Museum let me know of surviving sleigh harnesses in Vienna built for the congress. I would like to thank John Heath of the University of Vienna—I got to know John during the years we played on the baseball team at Cambridge and he became a great friend (I will never forget how he taught me to play cricket to the sounds of Johnny Cash). John’s intimate knowledge of Vienna and his lively wit made my stay a pure delight. I also want to thank Ilir Ferra, a fellow writer, who also went out of his way to make me feel most welcome. Indeed in writing a book centering on Viennese hospitality, I was fortunate to experience its lavishness firsthand.

I would like to thank the Gaines Center for the Humanities for a fellowship that brought me to Vienna for a summer some seventeen years ago. This, really, instilled my love of the city, and for this I am most indebted to Professor Raymond F. Betts. Dr. Betts was not only one of the foremost European historians of our time, but also an adviser, mentor, and friend who helped in a million ways over the years until his death in 2007. It is Professor Betts who comes to mind when I think of what a historian really can become, and it is also Professor Betts who comes to mind when I think of what a profoundly positive impact someone can have on the lives of other people. I will always be thankful for the opportunity to have known such a wonderful human being.

Thanks to Dr. Christian Gottlieb at the Queen’s Reference Library in Copenhagen for kindly tracking down a number of souvenirs that the king of Denmark, Frederick VI, brought back from the Congress of Vienna, including the very rare poster from the Beethoven concert on November 29, 1814, and the Christmas concert. I would also like to thank Greger Bergvall in the Kart-och bildsamlingen at the Royal Library in Stockholm; Milos Riha and Ladislav Novotny at Castle Kynzvart; Peter Harrington at the Anne S. K. Brown Military Collection at Brown University Library. Special thanks, too, to Kim Kanner Meisner for all her help and warm support of this project. I was fortunate to have my first class in diplomatic history many years ago from Professor George Herring, past Chair of the Patterson School of Diplomacy and Commerce, whose expertise in the field has been inspiring. Special thanks to Professors David Olster, Jane Gentry Vance, and Ulla Järlfors, who have generously given their time and expertise over the course of many years, and to my great benefit. I would also like to thank Professor Jeremy Popkin for magisterially fielding my complicated questions on French history, and Jake Morrissey for sharing his knowledge of sculpture, particularly explaining Canova’s techniques, as well as all his support in the past. Professor Ellen Furlough and Sarah Beth Childers helped me understand spa culture in the early nineteenth century. I would also like to thank a number of old friends and fellow
Diplomacy
enthusiasts at Cambridge who made sure that we almost always had a lively evening in our weekly marathon forays into that masterpiece game of intrigue. Thanks to photographer Danielle Pousette, her husband Gustav, my brother Brent, and Chef Donnie Justice for helping me visualize some popular Viennese pastries served at congress festivities, and of course, any errors remaining in the text are mine alone. Special thanks also goes to the librarians at the Young library, Fine Arts library, and the interlibrary loan team at the University of Kentucky for all their help in obtaining countless rare books, many of them 150 to 175 years old, and coming from dozens of research libraries all over the United States and the world.

My wife, Sara, as always, makes everything so much more enjoyable. Your encouragement, support, and sense of humor are deeply appreciated, and your reading of the narrative was wildly valuable. Thanks, and I love you! A big I-love-you also goes to Julia, almost three years old, and Max, now eleven weeks, for being their adorable selves. I also want to thank my parents, Van and Cheryl King, for all their love and support, not only of this project, but of everything else, and it is a pleasure to dedicate this book to you, with all my love and gratitude.

A
BOUT THE
A
UTHOR

D
AVID
K
ING
is the author of
Finding Atlantis,
which was a Main Selection of the Book-of-the-Month Club and has been translated into several foreign languages. A Fulbright Scholar with a master’s degree from Cambridge University, he taught European history at the University of Kentucky for several years. He lives in Lexington, Kentucky with his wife and their two children.

A
LSO BY
D
AVID
K
ING

Finding Atlantis:
A True Story of Genius, Madness, and an Extraordinary
Quest for a Lost World

Copyright © 2008 by David King

All rights reserved.

Published in the United States by Harmony Books, an imprint of the Crown Publishing Group, a division of Random House, Inc., New York.

www.crownpublishing.com

HARMONY BOOKS
is a registered trademark and the Harmony Books colophon is a trademark of Random House, Inc.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
King, David, 1970–

Vienna, 1814: how the conquerors of Napoleon made love, war, and peace at the Congress of Vienna /David King.—1st ed.

Includes bibliographical references.

1. Congress of Vienna (1814–1815) 2. Napoleonic Wars 1800–1815—Treaties. 3. Europe—Politics and government—1789–1815. 4. Statesmen—Europe—History—19th century. I. Title.

DC249.K46 2008

940.2'714—dc22                2007024680

eISBN: 978-0-307-40736-8

v1.0