Former People: The Final Days of the Russian Aristocracy (62 page)

29
. Heretz,
Russia on the Eve
, especially chap. 6.

30
. “Memoirs of Princess Barbara Dolgoruky,” HIA, 61. See also Obolensky,
Bread
, 68.

31
.
Russian Sketches
, 177–79.

32
. Rogger,
Russia
, 109–11.

33
. Fitzpatrick and Slezkine, eds.,
In the Shadow
, 169, 243–51.

34
. See Lincoln,
War’s Dark Shadow
, 103–34.

35
.
Speak
, 30.

36
. Ibid., 155.

37
. Ibid., 30–31, 45–46.

38
. See Shtrange,
Russkoe obshchestvo
.

39
. Madariaga,
Russia
, 241–55; Alexander,
Emperor
.

40
. McConnell,
Russian
Philosophe; Lang,
First Russian Radical
.

41
. Raeff,
Origins
; Barinova,
Vlast’
, 129.

42
. Rappaport,
Conspirator
, 35.

43
. Pomper,
Russian Revolutionary Intelligentsia
, 31–58.

44
. Sablin,
Sabliny
, 28–38, 152–53.

45
. Pipes,
Unknown Lenin
, 19; Rappaport,
Conspirator
, 11–15, 111, 198, 212, 247; Pomper,
Lenin’s Brother
.

46
.
Bagázh
, 84, 85–87.

2:
THE SHEREMETEVS

1
.
Entsiklopedicheskii slovar’ Brokgauz-Efron
, vol. 78, “Sheremetev, Fedor Ivanovich”;
SH
, 1:7–8, 25–26, 37–38.

2
. Smith,
The Pearl
.

3
. Shchepetov,
Krepostnoe pravo
, 20–21, 26; Krasko,
Tri veka
, 50, 413.

4
. Fedorchenko,
Svita
, 2:418–19;
SH
, 2:140; Krasko,
Tri veka
, 415–16; Obolensky, “Semeinye zapiski,” 174 (1989): 238–39; ABM.

5
. Fedorchenko,
Svita
, 2:418–19; Krasko,
Tri veka
, 416–17; ABM.

6
. YPS/V, 3; Grabbe,
Windows
, 60–61; Obolensky, “Semeinye zapiski,” 174 (1989): 238–39; Krasko,
Tri veka
, 422; ABM; Iusupov,
Memuary
(1998), 90.

7
.
SVS
, 200–01; ABM; Fedorchenko,
Svita
, 2:426–27; Krasko,
Tri veka
, 193;
SH
, 2:134–35, 138–39.

8
. Kovaleva,
Staraia Moskva
, 76, 179–96; ABM; Fedorchenko,
Svita
, 2:426–27;
SVS
, 279.

9
. Kovaleva,
Staraia Moskva
, 102, 109–14, 129–30; YPS/V, 36; “V. P. Sheremetev v Ostaf’eve,” 1990 art exhibition brochure.

10
.
SVS
, 204, 311n.; ABM.

11
. “Sheremetev, gr. Sergei Dmitrievich,” in
Chernaia sotnia
;
SVS
, 200; Kovaleva,
Staraia Moskva
, 4, 168–73.

12
. Witte,
Memoirs
, 338, 499n., 679.

13
. Kovaleva,
Staraia Moskva
, 70–75, 130–33; Krasko,
Tri veka
, 221; TAS, 65–66;
SVS
, 209, 227–42.

14
. Wassiltschikow,
Verschwundenes Russland
, 203–05.

15
.
SVS
, 324; Zhuravina,
Dvorianskoe gnezdo
, 141, 152, 173–76; Krasko,
Tri veka
, 344–47;
SH
, 2:144; Nicholas II,
Dnevnik
, 12–23.

16
. Krasko,
Tri veka
, 349;
SH
, 2:144–45.

17
.
SH
, 2:148–49; ABM; “Nekrolog,”
Moskovskie vedomosti
, June 5, 1914; YPS/V, 34–35.

18
. YPS/V, 36.

19
. Ibid., 15.

20
. Skipworth,
Sofka
, 28.

21
. Krasko, “Graf”; ABM;
KhiG
1, pt. 1 (1997): 116; Kovaleva,
Staraia Moskva
, 98–100; Karnishina, “Zhizn’.”

22
. Krasko,
Tri veka
, 365.

23
. RGIA, 1088.2.312, 74ob–76; Krasko,
Tri veka
, 364–65.

24
. P. Sheremetev,
Zametki
, 9, 37, 40, 53–53, 55, 57, 60–67, 99–100, 109.

25
. Iu. B. Solov’ev,
Samoderzhavie
, 18.

26
. Ibid., 19; Solov’ev,
Kruzhok
, 31, 40–41, 89, 137–38, 178–79, 210–11, 226–31; V. Obolenskii,
Moia zhizn’
, 177–81, 237, 261–62; Emmons, “Beseda Circle”; Polunov,
Russia
, 208–09; MVG/MV, 262–63, 272–74, 288.

27
. Pares,
Memoirs
, 86.

28
. ABM.

29
. Ibid.

30
. TAS, 78–80.

31
. Ibid., 78–80; ABM; NIOR RGB, 340.6a.32;
SVS
, 279; Krasko,
Tri veka
, 384.

32
.
SVS
, 300–01.

33
. Ibid., 302–05; RGIA, 1088.2.627, 8ob.

34
.
SVS,
287; ABM.

35
.
SVS
, 279–80; Krasko,
Tri veka
, 384; TAS, 78–80; Lieven,
Russia’s Rulers
, 9, 14–15, 118–19.

36
. ABM;
SH
, 2:151.

37
. ABM.

38
. Krasko,
Tri veka
, 404–405; ABM;
SH
, 2:151–52.

3:
THE GOLITSYNS

1
.
PG
, viii–x; KNG, 7–8.

2
.
PG
, 31–56; MVG/M, 43.

3
. “Moskva i ee zhiteli,” 10 (1991): 23, and 11:25–28; ZVG, 4:78; Prishvin,
Dnevniki, 1930–31
, 23–24.

4
. “Moskva i ee zhiteli,” 10 (1991): 18–23;
PG
, 393.

5
.
PG
, 393.

6
.
KhiG
4, pt. 1 (1997): 70.

7
.
KhiG
8, pt. 2 (2002): 171.

8
.
KhiG
4, pt. 1 (1997): 67–69;
KhiG
5 (1998): 113–14.

9
.
KhiG
5 (1998): 116.

10
.
KhiG
4, pt. 1 (1997): 57–67;
PG
, 393–94.

11
.
ZU
, 23–27; S. N. Golitsyna, “Iz vospominaniia,” 4:26–29;
KhiG
6 (1999): 198.

12
.
PG
, 422–31; KNG, 25–28.

13
. MVG/MV, 31, 90–93;
KhiG
6 (1999): 191–99.

14
. MVG/MV, 196, 199, 262–63, 272–74, 288.

15
. MVG/MV, 5–7, 86, 292–94, 321, 329, 338, 340–44;
ZU
, 63–64, 89; Raevskii,
Piat’ vekov
, 53.

16
.
ZU
, 15;
KhiG
9 (2002): 109–10;
KhiG
11, pt. 1 (2004): 134–35;
PG
, 431; V. V. Golitsyn, “Letter.”

17
. S. N. Golitsyna, “Iz vospominaniia,” 35.

18
.
PG
, 402, 428;
ZU
, 14–15.

19
. See A. E. Trubetskoi,
Rossiia vosprianet
; Schmemann,
Echoes
, 151–52, 156–57.

20
. V. S. Trubetskoi, “Zapiski kirasira,” in
Rossiia vosprianet
, 482, 487.

21
. Trubetskoi, “Zapiski kirasira,” 498.

22
.
ZU
, 91, 95–96, 102–103.

23
. Ibid., 75–76.

24
. Ibid., 66–74, 87–88; Raevskii,
Piat’ vekov
, 120.

25
.
ZU
, 115–16; MVG/MV, 39.

26
.
KhiG
6 (1999): 191–99.

4:
THE LAST DANCE

1
. King,
Court
, 414–18; Vyrubova,
Memories
, 8.

2
.
SH
, 2:141; Alexander Mikhailovich,
Once
, 211.

3
. Rogger,
Russia
, 33, 94–95, 107, 114; Lincoln,
War’s Dark Shadow
, 224; Riasanovsky and Steinberg,
History
, 378–79.

4
. Rogger,
Russia
, 177–80.

5
. Ibid., 208–15; Lincoln,
War’s Dark Shadow
, 270–303.

6
.
Once
, 189, 223. See also
Moia russkaia zhizn’
, 144–45; Elizaveta Isaakova, “A Testimony,” BA, 58–59; Wassiltschikow,
Verschwundenes Russland
, 120.

7
.
Seed
, 163–74. On anti-Jewish violence, see Klier and Lambroza, eds.,
Pogroms
.

8
. MVG/MV, 357–71.

9
. Krasko,
Tri veka
, 203.

10
.
SVS
, 201–202, 216–17.

11
. P. S. Sheremetev,
Zametki
, 111; Nicholas II,
Dnevnik
, 205; Kovaleva,
Staraia Moskva
, 98–100; Iu. B. Solov’ev,
Samoderzhavie
, 162, 171; G. A. Hosking and R. T. Manning, “What Was the United Nobility?,” in
Politics
, ed. Haimson 144–47; V. Levitskii, “Pravyia partii,” in
Obshchestvennoe dvizhenie
, ed. Martov, 366–69; s.v. “Soiuz russkikh liudei,” in
Chernaia sotnia
comp. Stepanov; Gurko,
Features
, 386; Rawson, “Union”; “Soiuz russkikh liudei,” at www.hrono.info/organ/rossiya/soyuz_ru_ludey.html, accessed April 1, 2009; Kireev,
Dnevnik
, 66–67.

12
. Rogger,
Russia
, 23–24, 95; Emmons, “Russian Nobility,” 177–78, 210–11; on the noble reaction, see Haimson, ed.,
Politics
.

13
. Marullo,
Russian Requiem
, 1–4.

14
. Ibid., 93–100, 104; Baboreko,
Bunin
, 95–99; Bunin,
Cursed Days
, 5.

15
. Marullo,
Russian Requiem
, 180. Recent scholarship supports Bunin’s assessment. See Lieven,
Aristocracy
, 224–27.

16
. Marullo,
Russian Requiem
, 6–7.

17
. Bunin,
Collected Stories
, 18–73.

18
. Marullo,
Russian Requiem
, 101; and see Woodward, “The Decline of the Peasantry and Landed Gentry,” in
Ivan Bunin
.

19
. Figes,
Peasant Russia
, 18–19; and see Barinova,
Vlast’
.

20
. Rogger,
Russia
, 95.

21
. Anonymous, “An Appreciation,” 6.

22
. Geifman,
Thou Shalt
, 18–21, 112, 138.

23
. Krasko,
Tri veka
, 232–33.

24
. Lincoln,
War’s Dark Shadow
, 205–206, 271.

25
. Geifman,
Thou Shalt
, 50, 55.

26
. Lincoln,
War’s Dark Shadow
, 347–48.

27
. Billington,
Icon
, 500–14; Lincoln,
War’s Dark Shadow
, 385–88.

28
. Zubov,
Stradnye gody
, 7.

29
. Meiendorff,
Through Terror
, 26.

30
. Gagarin,
Reminiscences
, 114–16; see also M. Buchanan,
Dissolution
, 72–73; M. Gagarine,
From Stolnoy
, 32–36.

31
.
Once
, 254.

32
. Rogger,
Russia
, 255–56; Lincoln,
Passage
, 41–50; Lobanov-Rostovsky,
Grinding Mill
, 17.

33
. Rogger,
Russia
, 256.

34
. B. A. Tatishchev, “Na rubezhe dvukh mirov,” Aleksei B. Tatishchev Collection, HIA, 199.

35
.
KhiG
8, pt. 2 (2002): 167–68.

36
. Rappaport,
Conspirator
, 259–60; Rogger,
Russia
, 255–56.

37
. Schapiro,
Communist Party
, 153, 184.

38
. The exact number will never been known. See the discussion in Mawdsley,
Russian Civil War
, 285–87.

39
. Lincoln,
Passage
, 89, 145, 255–56; S. Volkov,
Tragediia
, 8.

40
. Rogger,
Russia
, 257.

41
. V. S. Trubetskoi,
Russian Prince
, xi–xii; idem,
Zapiski kirasira
; Smirnova,
“. . . pod pokrov
,” 250.

42
.
ZU
, 106–107, 126–28; AVG/M, 40–41;
KhiG
4, pt. 3 (1997): 78–85.

43
. RGADA, 1287.1.5955, 174–80;
SH
, 2:139; RGIA, 1088.2.627, 7–10; Karnishina, “Blagotvoritel’naia deiatel’nost.”

44
. YPS/V, 39–41.

45
. Kleinmichel,
Memories
, 217–18; Almedingen,
Tomorrow
, 89; and see M. Gagarin,
From Stolnoy
; M. Gagarin,
Reminiscences
; Carlow, “Memoirs,” 22–23.

46
. Nabokov,
Speak
, 47.

47
. Lincoln,
Passage
, 11, 56, 61, 90–91, 103–104; Riasanovsky and Steinberg,
History
, 392; Rogger,
Russia
, 257–58.