Iron Curtain (106 page)

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Authors: Anne Applebaum

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     and East European communists:
see
“Moscow communists”
;
“Little Stalins”
     on East European ethnic minorities,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
,
6.5
     and “liberation” of Eastern Europe,
1.1
,
3.1
,
4.1
,
5.1
     political violence:
see
“Great Terror”/“Great Purges”
     prisoner and labor camps in,
1.1
,
4.1
,
4.2
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
8.1
     relations with Western Allies,
1.1
,
3.1
,
5.1
,
9.1
,
9.2
     show trials:
see
“Great Terror”/“Great Purges”
     socioeconomic system imported from,
1.1
,
2.1
,
3.1
,
3.2
,
7.1
,
10.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
,
13.1
,
13.2
,
13.3
,
13.4
,
13.5
,
13.6
,
14.1
,
14.2
,
14.3
,
15.1
,
15.2
,
16.1
,
17.1
,
17.2
     Soviet political and economic failures,
11.1
,
18.1
,
18.2
     Soviet-style hierarchy,
3.1
,
4.1
,
12.1
     support of “popular fronts” in Europe (1930s):
see
“popular fronts”
     violence and persecutions in Eastern Europe,
1.1
,
1.2
,
3.1
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
5.3
,
5.4
,
9.1
,
11.1
     war reparations and lootings by,
1.1
,
2.1
,
3.1
,
10.1
     Western perceptions of,
1.1
,
2.1
,
3.1
,
18.1
Spanish Civil War,
3.1
,
12.1
Spychalski, General Marian,
12.1
,
12.2
Stakhanovite movement (
also
“shockworker movement”
or
Heroes of Labour movement),
13.1
,
15.1
Stalin, Iosif
     cult of personality,
3.1
,
13.1
,
13.2
,
13.3
,
16.1
,
18.1
     on Eastern European ethnic minorities,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
,
6.5
,
6.6
     ideology of,
1.1
,
3.1
,
7.1
,
13.1
,
14.1
     and “Moscow communists”,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
     on political and physical violence in Eastern Europe,
2.1
,
5.1
,
12.1
     on religious and cultural institutions,
11.1
,
14.1
     on socialist regimes in Eastern Europe,
3.1
,
5.1
,
5.2
,
9.1
,
11.1
     wartime alliance with Western countries,
1.1
,
5.1
,
9.1
Stalingrad, battle of,
2.1
,
8.1
Stalinstadt (earlier Eisenhôttenstadt),
13.1
,
15.1
,
15.2
,
15.3
,
15.4
,
15.5
Sudetenland,
6.1
,
6.2
,
6.3
,
6.4
,
6.5
,
15.1
Sulyok, Dezső,
9.1
,
9.2
Sviridov, General Vladimir,
7.1
,
7.2
Światło, Józef,
6.1
,
11.1
,
11.2
,
16.1
,
18.1
Switzerland,
9.1
,
12.1
Szabad Nép
(
Free People
, Hungarian communist party’s newspaper),
2.1
,
5.1
,
6.1
,
7.1
,
8.1
,
10.1
,
13.1
,
18.1
,
18.2
     
Mephisto
(film)
Szare Szeregi:
see
Polish scouting movement
Szász, Béla,
12.1
,
12.2
Szczecin,
7.1
,
12.1
Széll, Jenő,
9.1
,
9.2
,
18.1
Szklarska Poręba (Cominform first meeting, 1947),
9.1
,
14.1
Szőts, István,
14.1
,
14.2
,
14.3
     
Song of the Cornfield
(film),
14.1
,
14.2
Szpilman, Władysław,
8.1
,
8.2
Sztálinváros (earlier Dunapentele, later Dunaújváros),
13.1
,
15.1
,
15.2
,
15.3
,
15.4
,
15.5
,
15.6
,
18.1
Sztandar Młodych
:
see
Union of Polish Youth
Tagesspiegel, Der
(West Berlin newspaper),
8.1
,
16.1
Tägliche Rundschau
(Red Army sponsored newspaper in postwar Germany),
8.1
,
14.1
,
14.2
Tehran Conference (November 1943),
1.1
,
2.1
     Poland’s fate,
4.1
,
9.1
Tejchma, Józef,
13.1
,
13.2
,
15.1
,
15.2
Telakowska, Wanda,
14.1
,
14.2
Tevan, Zsófia,
15.1
,
15.2
,
15.3
Thalmann, Ernst,
3.1
,
7.1
,
13.1
,
13.2
Thorez, Maurice,
3.1
,
18.1
Tito, Josip Broz,
3.1
,
11.1
,
12.1
,
18.1
“Titoism” (“right-deviationism” from Stalinist line),
11.1
,
12.1
,
12.2
Today and Tomorrow
:
see
Dziś i Jutro
Togliatti, Palmiro,
3.1
,
3.2
,
18.1
Torun,
2.1
,
17.1
Treblinka,
1.1
,
6.1
,
8.1
,
13.1
Trotsky, Lev,
2.1
,
2.2
Trotskyism (deviationism from Stalinist line),
3.1
,
11.1
,
12.1
“Truman Doctrine”,
9.1
,
11.1
Truman, Harry,
5.1
,
6.1
,
9.1
Trybuna Ludu
(
People’s Tribune
, Poland’s communist party newspaper),
8.1
,
12.1
,
16.1
,
18.1
Trznadel, Jacek,
13.1
,
16.1
Tschiche, Hans-Jochen,
11.1
,
17.1
Tyrmand, Leopold,
7.1
,
16.1
,
17.1
,
17.2
Tyulpanov, Colonel Sergei,
7.1
,
9.1
Ufa (temporary headquarters of Comintern during Second World War),
3.1
,
3.2
,
8.1
U.K.:
see
Britain
Ukraine,
2.1
,
5.1
     conflict over lands of,
2.1
,
3.1
,
4.1
     and mass deportations,
1.1
,
5.1
,
6.1
,
6.2
     mass famine, 1930s,
2.1
,
10.1
,
10.2
     and “Moscow communists”,
4.1
,
4.2
     
see also
Babi Yar
Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA),
6.1
,
6.2
“Ulbricht Group”,
4.1
,
7.1
,
8.1
,
13.1
Ulbricht, Walter,
14.1
,
17.1
,
18.1
,
18.2
     and Berlin riots (June 1953),
18.1
,
18.2
     biography of,
3.1
,
3.2
     on central planning and war reparations,
8.1
,
10.1
     on elections in Eastern Europe,
9.1
,
9.2
,
9.3
     and German communists,
3.1
,
3.2
,
3.3
,
4.1
,
7.1
,
7.2
;
see also
“Ulbricht Group”
     public celebrations and reconstruction of East Germany,
13.1
,
15.1
,
15.2
Ulenspiegel
(magazine, later
Eulenspiegel
),
14.1
,
14.2
,
17.1
Union of Polish Fine Artists,
14.1
,
14.2
Union of Polish Youth (ZMP),
7.1
,
11.1
,
13.1
,
13.2
,
15.1
,
16.1
,
16.2
,
17.1
,
17.2
,
17.3
,
18.1
,
18.2
     
Sztandar Młodych
(Union’s newspaper),
15.1
,
17.1
United Nations (UN),
1.1
,
17.1
,
18.1
United States (USA
or
America),
12.1
,
12.2

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