Muslim Fortresses in the Levant: Between Crusaders and Mongols (3 page)
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Authors: Kate Raphael
Tags: #Arts & Photography, #Architecture, #Buildings, #History, #Middle East, #Egypt, #Politics & Social Sciences, #Social Sciences, #Human Geography, #Building Types & Styles, #World, #Medieval, #Humanities
1.11
, machicolations above the main entrance belonging to the last building phase (1214–15)
1.12 Masonry along Ayyubid curtain walls and the Crusader curtain wall at Vadum Iacob
1.13 Core and stone facing of the curtain wall at Vadum Iacob
1.14 Chart showing the increase in width of Crusader curtain walls
1.15 Towers at
. Adapted from Barthoux, “Forteresse de Saladin,” 49
1.16, tower 13 – the solid wall. Adapted from Johns, “,” pl. 21
1.17, tower 13 looking from the northeast and the plan of its three floors. Plan adapted from C. Yovitchitch, “The Tower o Aybak in ‘Ajlun Castle: an example of the spread of an architectural concept in early thirteenth centaury Ayyubid fortifications” in
Military Architecture in Greater Syria
, ed. H. Kennedy, Leiden and Boston, 2006, fig. 6. Courtesy of Dr Cyril Yovitchitch
1.18, reconstruction of a funnel-shaped arrow slit. Illustration by S. Rotem
1.19 The age of spacious arrow slits. Illustration by S. Rotem
1.20
, solid towers belonging to the first Ayyubid phase (1228
1.21, archer’ galleries along the southwestern corner. General plan adapted from Deschamps,
Chateaux
, fig. 1. Plan of tower 9 after Hartal,
, fig. 3
1.22 Mount Tabor, the tower at the southeast corner
4.2, the monumental inscription from the reign of Baybars. M. Hartal,
The(Nimrod) Fortress, Towers 11 and 9,
Jerusalem, 2001, fig. 187. Courtesy of the photographic archives, Israel Antiquities Authority