Near a Thousand Tables (53 page)

palace storehouses, 103-4

Palmer, George, 197

Papago, 87

Papin, Denis, 211

pasta, 96, 126-27, 137

patent foods, 189

Peacock, Thomas Love, 43

peanuts, 165, 167, 180

Pearce, Alexander, 25

pellagra, 35, 48, 94

pepper, 152-53, 155, 158, 159, 160-162, 181

Peru, 73, 74, 81, 94, 99, 100, 129, 136, 161-62

Peter III of Aragon, 124

Peterson, T. Sarah, 121

Peter the Cruel of Castile, 120

Petrus Alfonsi, 118

Philip II, King of Spain, 151

Philippines, cuisine of, 142-43

Philip the Good of Burgundy, 114

Picatrix,
119-20

pigeon peas, 144

Pinto, Andres Lopes, 152

Pisanelli, Baldassare, 124

Piutes, 65

Pizarro, Gonzalo, 161-62

Plain Cookery Book for the Working Classes, A
(Francatelli), 187-89

Pliny, 22, 89, 122, 126, 155

Plutarch, 41

poi, 98

poisonous foods, 10-11, 82, 99, 100, 124, 179

Polo, Marco, 155

Portugal, 151, 152, 157-59, 160-61, 162, 166-67, 168, 180, 181, 183, 211

Postgate, J.R., 218-19

potatoes, 88, 98, 99-100, 127, 155, 191, 211

ecological exchange of, 100, 165, 167, 168, 169, 176, 178-80, 184, 185

potato famines, 204-5

potlatch, 109

preserved foods, 4, 12, 210-15

alterations in, 213, 214-15

canning of, 190, 212-14, 217, 219, 223

chemical preservation of, 214

freeze-drying of, 155, 211

freezing of, 214, 215, 218, 219, 222, 223

irradiation of, 214, 223

potting of, 211, 215

processed foods, 20, 48, 132, 164, 183, 190, 193, 196-224

alterations in, 217-18, 221

biscuits, 196-97

chocolate, 183, 196, 197-99

processed foods,
(continued)

enriched, 50-51

ersatz foods, 218-19

fast food, 19, 20, 96, 146, 190, 219, 220-23

health hazards of, 219

hygienic preparation of, 48, 189, 216-17, 219

livestock as, 193, 216, 219, 224

margarine, 190, 196, 201-2, 204, 218

meat extracts as, 196, 199-201

natural forms of, 4
see also
preserved foods

proscribed foods, 31-32, 34, 35, 41-43, 45, 47, 123, 132, 135

Punt, land of, 153-54

pygmies, 49-50, 54

Pythagoras, 33, 41-42, 112

qazan, 16

Quran, 112

Raft of the Medusa, The
(Géricault), 25

Raleigh, Sir Walter, 24, 169

raw foods, 1-3, 4, 5, 6-7, 18-19, 223

reindeer management, 66-68

Relation of Alimentation and Disease, The
(Salisbury), 47

Ribero, Nicolás María, 195

rice, 5, 35, 71, 81, 88, 90, 91, 92-93, 96, 98, 99, 126, 139-40, 143, 149, 179

ecological exchange of, 165, 168, 169, 174

hybridized “miracle,” 206-8

Richard II, King of England, 121

rijstafel, 145-46

Rindos, David, 87

Ritson, Joseph, 42-43

ritual meals, 3, 11, 17, 22-23, 27, 30, 98, 129, 176

Rivera, General Primo de, 220

Rochester, John Wilmot, Earl of, 133

Romans, ancient, 9, 34, 56, 88, 149, 175

cuisine of, 113-14, 116-17, 119, 121-22, 123-24, 125, 155

ecological exchanges of, 165

fresh food delivery of, 210-11

ready-prepared meals of, 220

silphium and, 148, 165

spice trade of, 154, 155

roots and tubers, 87, 95, 97-100
see also specific roots and tubers

Rorer, Sallie, 44-45

Rowntree, R. Seebohm, 202-3

Ruse, James, 185

Russia, 141-42, 147-48, 179, 180

rye, 88-89, 93, 96, 179, 185

sacred foods, 29-31, 86, 99, 100, 176

Sagawa, Isse, 24

Sahagún, Bernardino de, 128-29

Sahlins, Marshall, 82

Salisbury, James, H., 47-48

salmon, 127

salmon farming, 74, 75

salt, dietary, 204, 218

salt trade, 150-52, 153

Sami, 68

sardines, canned, 213

Satterthwaite, Walter, 132-33

sauerkraut, 40, 215

Sayers, Dorothy L., 115

Schama, Simon, 161

Scotland, 57, 60, 195-96

seamen, 163-65, 197, 211

scurvy among, 35-40, 53

survival cannibalism of, 25, 26

Sei Shonagon, 110, 111

selective breeding, 2, 79, 87, 97, 191-92

in herding, 56, 57, 58, 60, 69, 70, 77, 206

hybridization in, 79, 85, 93, 191, 192, 206-7, 209-10

Seneca, 210-11

Serra, Junipero, 169

service à la russe,
147-48

Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 43

shell middens, 56-58

Shih Ching,
90

Shoshone, 64

Silent Spring
(Carson), 209

silphium, 148, 165

Sinbad the Sailor, 29

Sinclair, Upton, 216

Sioux, 172, 174

slave foods, 144, 167, 177

Smith, Adam, 42

Smith, Sir Andrew, 145

snail farming, 55-58

Somalia, 153, 166

Soubise, Prince de, 117

Spain, 96, 158, 166-67, 174, 183, 191, 198

conquistadores of, 26, 127-28, 136, 149, 168, 171, 172

markets of, 195

mealtimes changed in, 220

Moorish, 117, 119, 120, 139, 175

Philippines colonized by, 142-43

salt supplies controlled by, 151-52

Spallanzani, Lazaro, 212, 214

spam, 138

spice trade, 151, 152-62

in antiquity, 153-55, 156

balance of power shifted by, 153, 156-62

control of production in, 156, 159-62, 167

routes of, 153-54, 156, 157-60

sugar in, 156-57, 166-67, 180-81, 182

squash, 94, 176

Staden, Hans, 22-23

Stefani, Bartolomeo, 114

Steingarten, Jeffrey, 109, 118, 203-4

Stone Age Economics
(Sahlins), 82

sugar, 120, 121-22, 132

dietary, 204, 218

ecological exchange of, 166-67, 169, 180-81, 182, 183

in preservation, 211, 212, 214

sugar substitutes, 218

Sumer, 56, 84, 154

supermarkets, 196

sweet potatoes, 98, 99, 100, 138

ecological exchange of, 166, 169, 178-79, 184

Syracuse, 135-36, 148

Syria, 89, 156

Tad's restaurant, 222

Tahiti, 164, 181-82

Taiwan, 91-92

tandoori ovens, 15

taro, 97-98, 99, 100, 164

Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre, 8

Tench, Watkin, 186

Tex-Mex food, 141-42

Thailand, 98, 115, 146, 167

Theophrastus, 175

Thevenot, Jean de, 181

Thompson, Flora, 188

Thrifty Food Plan, 203-4

Tibet, 89-90, 96

Tocqueville, Alexis de, 173-74

Topkapi palace, 109, 140-41

Torquemada, Juan de, 37

totemic foods, 32

trade, 148-62, 175, 181

in antiquity, 148-49

enforced exchanges in, 149-50

gold, 150-51, 158

salt, 150-52, 153

stranger effect in, 148
see also
spice trade

Trobriand Islanders, 5, 104

truffles, 33, 52

Tsuji, Shizuo, 109

Turkish cuisine, 109, 137, 140-41

turtle-shell divination, 90-91

Twain, Mark, 25-26

Vancouver, George, 24, 40, 184

Vanderbilt, Consuelo, 103

van der Post, Laurens, 7, 64-65, 130

van Houten, Conrad, 198

vegetarianism, 6, 41-44, 47, 200

Vieira, Francisco, 160

Vietnamese cuisine, 144, 146, 147

vitamins, 35-40, 48, 50, 51, 62, 77, 94, 164

Vitellius, Emperor of Rome, 114

Vizcaíno, Sebastián, 37-38

Voyages
(Vespucci), 22

Wallace, Alfred Russel, 163

Wallace, Henry A., 50

water preservation, 211

Werner der Gartenaere, 126

West, Gordon, 146-47

wheat, 79, 88, 89, 92, 93, 94-97, 98, 99, 185, 194, 206

ecological exchange of, 95, 165, 168, 169-74, 177

gluten of, 96

hybridized “miracle,” 206-8

wild parents of, 81, 95, 96

yields of, 207

Wilder, Russell, 50

wild rice, 79

Wiley, Harvey, 48

wind drying, 4, 77, 211

Wiseman, James, 169

Wolberg, Lewis, 49

World War II, 50-52, 55, 138, 179, 199, 204, 221

Yoruba, 129

zebras, 70

Zimbabwe, 208

Felipe Fernández-Armesto is a Professorial Fellow of Queen Mary, University of London, and a member of the Modern History Faculty at Oxford University. He is the author of thirteen books, including
Millennium: A History of the Last Thousand Years
and
Civilizations: Culture, Ambition, and the Transformation of Nature.

Felipe Fernández-Armesto
is a Professorial Fellow of Queen Mary, University of London, and a member of the Modern History Faculty at Oxford University. He is the author of thirteen books, including
Millenium: A History of the Last Thousand Years
and
Civilizations: Culture, Ambition, and the Transformation of Nature.