The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Isreal and the Origin of Sacred Texts (64 page)

rosette-shaped,
352

Yehud boundaries inferred from,
355

Sea Peoples,
87
–
89

Second Temple Judaism,
300
,
301

Seti I, pharoah,
60
,
61

Sedentarization,
330
–
31
,
332

Sennacherib, king of Assyria,
250
,
251
–
52
,
259
–
63
,
345

Shallum, king of Israel,
198
,
219

Shalmaneser, “black obelisk” of,
206

Shalmaneser III, king of Assyria,
159
,
178
,
211

Shalmaneser V, king of Assyria,
199
,
217
–
20
,
252

Shamgar,
99

Shaphan,
277

Sheba, queen of,
127
,
143

Sheba people,
41
–
42

Shebna, tomb of,
246

Shechem,
154
,
155

altars at,
44

Shema, commander,
212

Shephelah, the,
232
,
245
,
263
–
64
,
266

Josianic expansionism into,
93

Sheshbazzar, governor of Yehud,
299
,
309
–3
10

Sheshonq I, pharaoh,
18
.
See also
Shishak

Shiloh,
124

Shiloh, Yigal,
132

Shiqalaya (people),
87

Shishak, pharaoh,
18
,
161
–
62
,
231
–
32

Shosu (people),
103
,
239
,
332

Siloam inscription,
256
–
57

Simeon,
98
–
99

tribe of,
121
,
150

Sinai, Mount,
326
–
28

Sinai, wilderness of,
51
,
60
,
62
,
63
,
326
–28

Sisera,
99

Smith, Morton,
248

“Social revolution” hypothesis.
See
Peasant revolt theory of Israelite origins

Sodom, city of,
28

Solomon, King,
11
,
123
,
127
,
131
,
151
,
168
,
191
.
See also
Golden age of Israel

biblical critique of,
242

breakup of Israel’s unity and,
163
–
64

existence of,
128
–
30

as hill country chieftain,
190
,
238

stables, cities, and gates of,
135
–
38
,
139
,
140
,
141
,
152

archaeological evidence of,
342
–
44

Omride dynasty and,
186
–
87
,
189
–
90
,
202
–
3

Solomon’s Temple,
132
–
33

Song of the Sea,
51

Southern kingdom (Judah),
9
–
10
,
24
,
41
–
42

930
–
705
BCE
,
229
–
50

Assyrian empire and,
243
,
245
–46,
250

biblical prominence of,
229
–
30

burial customs,
245
–
46

environmental constraints on,
239

expansion of,
243
–
46

fidelity to YHWH as ideal vs. reality of,
234

Hezekiah’s religious reforms,
249
–
50

idolatry of,
234

inaccurate portrayal by Bible,
235
–
38

Israel’s dominance over,
230

kings of,
231
–
34
,
236
–
37

monotheism in,
246
–
49

polytheism in,
240
–
43

population of,
208

settlement patterns of,
241

statehood for,
245

705
–
639
BCE
,
69
–
70
,
120
–
22
,
251
–
74

Arabian trade and,
267
–
68

assessment of kings of,
270
–
73

Assyrian empire and,
270
–
71

geopolitical factors in religion,
270
–
71

Hezekiah’s rebellion,
251
–
64
,
271

under Josiah.
See
Josiah, king of Judah

under Manasseh.
See
Manasseh, king of Judah

material culture of,
352
–
53

olive oil industry and,
268
–
70
,
273

polytheism in,
264
–
65

territorial ambitions,
46
n

639
–
586
BCE
,
275
–
95

Babylonian conquest of,
292
–
95

book of Law discovery and,
276
,
277
,
280
–
81

Deuteronomistic History and,
275
,
276
,
284

Deuteronomy and,
285

Egypt-Assyria balance of power and,
281
–
83

last Davidic kings of,
292
–
95

literacy in,
284

monotheism in,
276

Pan Israelite ideal of,
283
–
85

puritan reforms in,
277
–
80
,
287
–
89

revolution in countryside,
285
–
87

586
-c.
440
BCE
,
296
–
313
.
See also
Yehud

Babylonian exile,
297
–
301
,
305
–
6

non-exiled population of,
305
–
8

rebuilding of Jerusalem’s walls,
301

rebuilding of Temple of Jerusalem,
299
–
300

restoration of,
297
–
301

Assyrian empire and,
270
–
71

Hezekiah’s rebellion against,
251
–
64

Assyrian kings involved in history of,
201

attitudes toward Egypt,
69
–
70

kingdom of Israel and,
39
–
40
,
223
–
25

kings of (lists),
20
,
131
,
236
–37
,
272

Speiser, Ephraim,
36
,
322

Stables, Solomonic,
135
–
38
,
209
–
12

Stager, Lawrence,
241

Succoth,
59

Taanach, city of,
161
,
203

Tamar,
42

Tammuz (Mesopotamian god),
242

Tayma, oasis of,
41

Tel Dan inscription.
See
“House of David” inscription

Tell el-Amarna letters.
See
Amarna tablets (Tell el-Amarna letters)

Tema,
41

Temple of Jerusalem,
123
,
127
,
241
,
310

as center of YHWH worship,
250

construction of,
56

cultic activities in ruins of,
306
–
7

destruction by Babylonians,
295

Jehoash’s renovation of,
233

rebuilding of,
299
–
300

Ten commandments,
51

Thompson, Thomas,
36
–
37
,
38
,
128

Thutmose III, pharoah,
60

Tiglath-pileser III, king of Assyria,
199

Arabian trade and,
267

conquest of Israel,
215

Judah and,
233
–
34
,
243

resettling of conquered territories by,
216
,
221

Tiryns,
85

Tirzah,
154

Tjkw,
59

Torah.
See
Pentateuch

Trade, Arabian

caravan,
41
,
320

Judah and,
267
–
68

in seventh century
BCE
,
143

Transjordan

Exodus story and,
64

kingdoms of,
67
–
68

Ugarit, city of,
87
,
90

Ulu Burun, shipwreck of,
86

Unified conquest theory of Israelite origins,
332
,
335

Ur, city of,
28
,
312
–
13

Urartu, kingdom of,
211

Urusalim,
238
–
39

Ussishkin, David,
132
,
139
,
187
,
262
,
342

Uzziah (Azariah), king of Judah,
233
,
237

Van Seters, John,
36
–
37

Wapnish, Paula,
267

Ways of Horus,
60

Weinfeld, Moshe,
281

Wellhausen, Julius,
36

Williamson, Hugh,
192
–
93

Woodhead, John,
187
,
342

Yadin, Yigael,
342

on Israelite origins and characteristics,
333
,
334

opposition to peaceful infiltration theory,
332

stratification scheme,
203

Solomonic discoveries of,
137
–
40
,
342

Hazor excavations,
80
–
81
,
137
,
184
,
187
–
88
,
203

Megiddo excavations,
183
–
84
,
185
,
210

Yael,
99

Yehud,
315

boundaries of,
354
–
55