The Chinese in America (74 page)

Organization of Chinese Americans

O’Sullivan, John L.

Pacific Mail Steamship company

Pacific Ocean crossing

Page, Horace

Panic of 1873

Paper Daughter
(Mar)

paper sons

“parachute” children

Passage to the Heart, A: Writings from Families with Children from China
(Kukka)

Passaic Steam Laundry

Pearl Harbor attack

peasants and peasant life

Pei. M.

Peng, Ching

People’s Republic of China (PRC) ; American concepts of ; criticism of; cultural exchange program of; economic growth of; as global superpower; Great Leap Forward (1958); nuclear capabilities of -395
n
; one-child policy of ; opening of; orphanages; per capita income ; pro-democracy movement ; Taiwan and; Tiananmen Square massacre (1989); United Nations and; U.S. recognition of

Peterson, William

Piche, Lloyd

Piche, Robert

Pines, David

poetry, Angel Island

Presbyterian Mission Home

Princeton University

Promontory Point (Utah)

prostitution: in China; decline in ; disease and; escapees from ; as lucrative; at mining camps ; rescue efforts; in San Francisco; trafficking in

Protect the Emperor Society Punti-Hakka feud

Puyi, Henry

Qian Long

Qing dynasty. See also Manchus/Manchuria; boycott of American goods and; corruption of ; educational exchange program of ; efforts to save; impoverishment of; overthrow of -b0; rebellions against ; repression of Han people by; slavery investigation by

Qinghua College

queues

Qume Corporation

race, definition of

racism, generally; denunciation of ; reasons for

racism, anti-African American

racism, anti-Asian

racism, anti-Chinese .
See also
legislation, anti-Chinese; violence against Chinese; adopted children and; in California; children and; Chinese responses to ; during cold war; decrease in; on East Coast; in education ; in employment ; in fishing industry; gold rush and; in immigration laws.
See also
exclusion laws; interracial marriages and ; in military; during 1960s, 261; police and-386
n
; in San Francisco; spying allegations and; in suburbia ; surveys of; transcontinental railroad and; during twenty-first century; against women

racism, anti-Native American

railroads: Chinese; southern; transcontinental. See transcontinental railroad

Rainer, Luise

Rape of Nanking

Rape of Nanking, The
(Chang) Reagan, Ronald

Redford, Edward

Red Guard Party

Red Turban rebellion (1853)

reentry, right of

Republic of China

restaurants, Chinese

Revive China Society

Rice Room, The
(Fong-Torres)

Rock Springs (Wyoming)

Rocky Mountains

Rohmer, Sax

Roosevelt, Franklin D.

Roosevelt, Theodore

Sacramento

Sacramento-San Joaquin delta

Sampson, Calvin

San Francisco: architecture of; birth and citizenship records destroyed; board of health ordinances; brothels in; Chinatown. See Chinatown, San Francisco’s; Chinese theater in; Dupont Street; earthquake of 1906, 145; education in ; first Chinese in; foreign-born population; foundry industry; Geary Act and; as gold rush town; history of; immigrants’ arrival in; intellectual community in; journey to; as manufacturing center; murder rate in; numbers of Chinese in; prostitution in; racism in. See racism, anti-Chinese; restaurants, Chinese ; rule of law lacking in; vigilantism in; violence against Chinese in; violence in; women in

San Francisco Human Rights Commission (1968)

San Francisco Human Rights Commission (1969)

San Francisco State College

Saxton, Alexander

Scheer, Robert

School Law of 1870

schools: Chinese-language; public

Schulze, Charles

Scott Act (1888)

Seattle

Secret Order of the Knights of Saint Crispin

See, Lisa

Seeley, Jean H. segregation

Shanghai Shanghai Children’s Welfare Institute Shelby, Richard

Shieh Tung-ming Shoong, Joe

Shoshone Indians sidewalk ordinance

Sierra Nevada

Sigel, Elsie

Silicon Valley

Sino-American relations; Boxer Rebellion (1900) and; Burlingame Treaty (1868); Chinese civil war and; during cold war; Deng-Reagan pact; diplomatic links; economic growth of China and; exclusion laws and ; Taiwan and; Tiananmen Square massacre (1989) and

Sino-Japanese War

Six Companies, Chinese

Slatkin, Nora

slavery: African American; in California; Chinese; of women

Smith, Robert

Smith, William Russell

smuggling

snakeheads

Snake River Massacre (1887)

social welfare system

Soong, Ailing

Soong, Charlie

Soong, Chingling

Soong, Meiling

Soong, T. V. sororities

South, the. See also
specific
cities; Chinese plantation workers in; during civil rights era; grocery stores in; interracial marriage in; numbers of Chinese in ; post-Civil War; rights of Chinese in; segregation in

South America

Sowell, Thomas

spies and spying

Squire, Watson C.

Standard Oil

Stanford, Leland

Stanford University Stockton

Stout, Arthur

Stratton, David

strikes

Strobridge, James

suburbia, Chinese in

Sue, Sam

Suen Sum

Sun, Brian

Sun, Charles

Sun, David

Sung dynasty

Sun Yat-sen

Tacoma

Taiping Rebellion (1850)

Taiwan; author’s family in; Chinese immigration to ; education in ; emigration policies of; history of-285
n
; independence movement; intellectuals; Japan and ; military service in; as Nationalist Republic of China; Nationalists and ; People’s Republic of China (PRC) and; return to-354
n
; societal transformation of; technology industry in -354
n
; United Nations and; United States and, relations between; White Terror

Taiwanese Americans and immigrants ; deaths among; kidnapping of; occupations of; “parachute children” of; quota for; return to Taiwan by -354
n
; success of

Taiwan Experience
(Wen)

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (TSMC)

Takaki, Ronald

Tan, Amy

Tan Fuyuan

Tang Guoan

Tang Shaoyi

Tan Yumin

Tape, Joseph

taxes

Taylor, Zachary

technology industry

textile mills

Third World Liberation Front

Thousand Pieces of Gold
(McCunn)

Three Obediences

Three People’s Principles

Tiananmen Square massacre (1989)

Tien, Chang-Lin

Ting, Sam

Toishan county

tongs; rebellion against Qing dynasty by; treatment of women by ; warfare between

To Save China, to Save Ourselves
(Renqui Yu)

tourism

Toy, Noel

transcontinental railroad; Chinese immigrants and; completion of ; Cornish workers; cost of ; daily life; disease among workers ; economic effects of; fatalities; Irish workers ; landslides; reasons for building ; recruitment for; strike by Chinese; wages; weather extremes

Treaty of Nanking

Treaty of Paris

Treaty of Shomonoseki

Triads

Truman, Harry Tsao,Frank

Tsen, Louis

Tseng, Kuo-fan

Tsien Hsue-shen

Tsung. C.

Tu, John

Tung Chee-hwa

Twain, Mark

Two Years Before the Mast
(Dana)

Tye Kim Orr

Unbound Feet
(Yung)

Union Pacific

unions.
See also
Chinese Hand Laundry Alliance

United Nations

United States: attractiveness to immigrants; baby boom ; Chinese concepts of ; Chinese immigration to.
See
immigration, Chinese; counterculture movement in; departure of Chinese from; eastern.
See
East Coast; eastern European immigration to ; economic crises .
See also specific crises;
European immigration to; expansionism in; founding ideals of; Great Depression.
See
Great Depression; infant mortality; interracial marriage in.
See
marriage; Irish immigration to.
See
Irish immigrants; isolationism of; life expectancy; Midwest, settlement of ; the North. See North, the; per capita income; population of ; poverty in; power of; racism in.
See
racism, anti-African American; racism, anti-Asian; racism, anti-Chinese; racism, anti-Native American; relations with China.
See
Sino-American relations; slavery
in. See
slavery; social inequality in; the South.
See
South, the; Taiwan and, relations between ; textile mills; travel across ; urban woes of; wealth in ; working conditions

United States Employment Service

universities and colleges, U.S.
See also
education;
specific institutions:
Asian American studies at; author’s family at; Chinese at ; first Chinese graduate from; growth in; Nationalist spies at; racism at; Taiwanese at

University of California, Berkeley

University of California, Los Angeles

University of California, racial quotas

U.S. Commission on Civil Rights

U.S. Constitution.
See also specific amendments

U.S. Supreme Court

U.S.S.R.

Versailles Treaty (1919)

veterans, U.S. Civil War

Vietnam War

violence: in Chinatown neighborhoods ; against Chinese. See violence against Chinese; in San Francisco

violence against Chinese; during gold rush; during Korean War; in Los Angeles; by Nationalists; in Oregon; by police-386n; in San Francisco ; by snakeheads ; in Washington Territory; in Wyoming

Vrooman, Robert

wages and earnings; in China ; gold mining; grocery owners ; per capita income; of plantation workers; in research labs ; transcontinental railroad; of women

Wah Ching (Chinese Youth)

Wah Lee

Walsh, Richard

Wang, An

Wang, Andrew

Wang, Charles

Wang, David

Wang, Ling-chi

Wang, Yichu

Wang Libin

Wang Xiling

War Brides Act (1945)

Ward, Arthur Sarsfield

Warrior Lessons
(Eng)

Washington Grammar School

Washington Territory

Watanabe, Terri

Weimah, King

Wen, Sayling

Western Military Academy

West Point

When I Was a Boy in China
(Lee)

White Terror

Who’s Who in China
(1925)

Wild Swans
(Chang)

Wing Chan

Wing Lai

Wise, John

Wolff, Edward N.

Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood in China
(Kingston)

women: activism of; Chinese; Chinese American.
See
women, Chinese American; Irish immigrant; prairie life of; wages of

women, Chinese American: American-born ; on Angel Island; in California; career options of; education of; first Stanford graduate; garment industry workers; Hong Kong wives; isolation of; laundry wives; marriage of. See marriage; merchants’ wives; military roles of; numbers of; as prostitutes. See prostitution; racism against; ratio of Chinese men to; relative freedom of; in San Francisco; scarcity of ; slavery of; stereotypes of; tongs and; upbringing of; as wives; working; during World War II

Women’s Army Corps

Wong, Anna May

Wong, Cy

Wong, Delbert

Wong, Esther

Wong, Fred

Wong, George

Wong, H. K.

Wong, Jade Snow

Wong, Joel

Wong, Mark

Wong, Paul S.

Wong, Victor

Wong Ah So

Wong Kee

Wong Kim Ark

Wong Loy

Wong Shee

Wong Wai

Woo, S. B.

Workingmen’s Party of California

World Trade Organization

World War II

Wu, Chien-Shiung

Wu, David

Wu, Frank

Wu, Jian Xiong