The Incredible Human Journey (60 page)

BOOK: The Incredible Human Journey
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7.
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et al
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Journal of Human Evolution
36: 591–612 (1999).

8.
Bowler, J. M. & Magee, J. W. Redating Australia’s oldest human remains: a sceptic’s view.
Journal of Human Evolution
38: 719–26 (2000).

9.
Bowler, J. M., Johnston, H., Olley, J. M.,
et al
. New ages for human occupation and climatic change at Lake Mungo, Australia.
Nature
421: 837–40 (2003).

10.
Mulvaney, J., & Kamminga, J.
Prehistory of Australia.
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11.
Westaway, M. The Pleistocene human remains collection from the Willandra Lakes World Heritage Centre Area, Australia,and its role in understanding modern human origins. In: Tomida, Y. (ed.),
Proceedings of the 7th and 8th Symposia on Collection Building and Natural History Studies in Asia and the Pacific Rim
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National Science Museum Monographs
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Brown, P. Australian Pleistocene variation and the sex of Lake Mungo 3.
Journal of Human Evolution
38: 743–9 (2000).

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Wolpoff, M. H., Hawks, J., Frayer, D. W., & Hunley, K. Modern human ancestry at the peripheries: a test of the replacementtheory.
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Schwartz, J. H., & Tattersall, I.
The Human Fossil Record
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Yokoyama, Y., Falgueres C., Semah F.,
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. Gamma-ray spectromagnetic dating of late
Homo erectus
skulls from Ngandong and Sambungmacan, Central Java, Indonesia.
Journal of Human Evolution
55: 274–7 (2008).

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17.
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Thorne, A., & Curnoe, D. Sex and significance of Lake Mungo 3: reply to Brown ‘Australian Pleistocene variation and thesex of Lake Mungo 3’.
Journal of Human Evolution
39: 587–600 (2000).

20.
Stone, T., & Cupper, M. L. Last Glacial Maximum ages for robust humans at Kow Swamp, southern Australia.
Journal of Human Evolution
45: 99–111 (2003).

21.
Hudjashov, G., Kivisild, T., Underhill, P. A.,
et al
. Revealing the prehistoric settlement of Australia by Y chromosome and mtDNA analysis.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
104: 8726–30 (2007).

22.
Van Holst Pellekan, S., Ingman, M., Roberts-Thomson, J., & Harding, R. M. Mitochondrial genomics identifies major haplogroups in aboriginal Australians.
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
131: 282–94 (2006).

23.
Roberts, R. G., Jones, R., & Smith, M.A. Thermoluminescence dating of a 50,000-year-old human occupation site northernAustralia.
Nature
345: 153–6 (1990).

24.
Roberts, R. G., Jones, R., Spooner, N. A.,
et al
. The human colonisation of Australia: optical dates of 53,000 and 60,000 years bracket human arrival at Deaf Adder Gorge,Northern Territory.
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13: 575–83 (1994).

25.
O’Connell, J. F., & Allen, F. J. When did humans first arrive in Greater Australia, and why is it important to know?
Evolutionary Anthropology
6: 132–46 (1998).

26.
O’Connell, J. F., & Allen, F. J. Dating the colonization of Sahul (Pleistocene Australia-New Guinea): a review of recentresearch.
Journal of Archaeological Science
31: 835–53 (2004).

27.
Bulbeck, D. Where river meets sea. A Parsimonious model for
Homo sapiens
colonization of the Indian Ocean rim and Sahul.
Current Anthropology
48: 315–21 (2007).

28.
Bird, M. I., Turney, C. S. M., Fifield, L. K.,
et al
. Radiocarbon analysis of the early archaeological site of Nauwalabila I, Arnhem Land, Australia: implications for samplesuitability and stratigraphic integrity.
Quaternary Science Reviews
21: 1061–75 (2002).

29.
Fullagar, R. L. K., Price, D. M., & Head, L. M. Early human occupation of northern Australia: archaeology and thermoluminescencedating of Jinmium rock-shelter, Northern Territory.
Antiquity
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30.
Roberts, R., Bird, M., Olley, J.,
et al
. Optical and radiocarbon dating at Jinmium rock shelter in northern Australia.
Nature
393: 358–62 (1998).

Art in the Landscape: Gunbalanya (Oenpelli), Northern Territory, Australia

1.
Morwood, M., & Oosterzee, P. V.
The Discovery of the Hobbit. The Scientific Breakthrough that Changed the Face of Human History
, Random House Australia, Sydney (2007).

2.
Chatwin, B.
The Songlines
, Vintage, London (1987).

3.
Hamby, L.
Twined Together: Kunmadj Njalehnjaleken
Injala, Arts and Crafts, Gunbalanya (2005).

3. Reindeer to Rice: The Peopling of North and East Asia

Trekking Inland: Routes into Central Asia

1.
Derenko, M., Malyarchuk, B. A., Grzybowski, T.,
et al
. Phylogeographic analysis of mitochondrial DNA in Northern Asian populations.
The American Journal of Human Genetics
81: 1025–41 (2007).

2.
Oppenheimer, S.
Out of Eden. The Peopling of the World
, Constable & Robinson, London (2003).

3.
Derenko, M. V., Malyarchuk, B. A., Denisova, G. A.,
et al
. Molecular genetic differentiation of the ethnic populations of south and east Siberia base on mitochondrial DNA polymorphism.
Russian Journal of Genetics
38: 1196–1202 (2002).

4.
Goebel, T. Pleistocene human colonization of Siberia and peopling of the Americas: an ecological approach.
Evolutionary Anthropology
8: 208–27 (1999).

5.
Goebel, T., Derevianko, A. P., & Petrin, V. T. Dating the Middle-to-Upper Paleolithic transition at Kara-Bom.
Current Anthropology
34: 452–8 (1993).

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Brantingham, P. J. The initial Upper Paleolithic in Northeast Asia.
Current Anthropology
42: 735–46 (2001).

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Krause, J., Orlando, L., Serre, D.,
et al
. Neanderthals in central Asia and Siberia. 449: 902–4 (2007).

8.
Vasil’ev, S. A. The Upper Palaeolithic of Northern Asia.
Current Anthropology
34:82–92 (1993).

On the Trail of Ice Age Siberians: St Petersburg, Russia

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Pitulko, V. V., Nikolsky, P. A., Girya, E. Y.,
et al
. The Yana RHS site: humans in the Arctic before the Last Glacial Maximum.
Science
303: 52–6 (2004).

2.
Vasil’ev, S. A., Sergey, A., Kuzmin, L. A.,
et al
. Radiocarbon-based chronology of the Paleolithic in Siberia and its relevance to the peopling of the New World.
Radiocarbon
44: 403–630 (2002).

3.
Guthrie, R. D. Origin and causes of the mammoth steppe: a story of cloud cover, woolly mammoth tooth pits, buckles, andinside-out Beringia.
Quaternary Science Reviews
20: 549–74 (2001).

4.
Goebel, T. The ‘microblade adaptation’ and recolonization of Siberia during the Late Upper Pleistocene. In Elston, R. G.,& Kuhn, S. L. (eds),
Thinking Small: Global Perspectives on Microlithization
, Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association no. 12 (2002).

5.
Goebel, T. Pleistocene human colonization of Siberia and peopling of the Americas: an ecological approach.
Evolutionary Anthropology
8: 208–27 (1999).

6.
Schlesier, K. H. More on the ‘Venus’ figurines.
Current Anthropology
42: 410 (2001).

7.
Soffer, O., Adovasio, J. M., & Hyland, D. C. More on the ‘Venus’ figurines: Reply.
Current Anthropology
42: 410 –12 (2001).

8.
Hoffecker, J. F. Innovation and technological knowledge in the Upper Palaeolithic of Northern Eurasia.
Evolutionary Anthropology
14: 186–8 (2005).

9.
Vasil’ev, S. A. Man and mammoth in Pleistocene Siberia.
The World of Elephants. Proceedings of the 1st International Conference
, pp. 363–6, Rome (2001).

10.
Ugan, A., & Byers, D. A global perspective on the spatiotemporal pattern of the Late Pleistocene human and woolly mammoth radiocarbon record.
Quaternary International
doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2007.09.035 (2008).

11.
Lister, A. M., & Sher, A. V. Ice cores and mammoth extinction.
Nature
378: 23–4 (1995).

12.
Pushkina, D., & Raia, P. Human influence on distribution and extinctions of the late Pleistocene Eurasian megafauna.
Journal of Human Evolution
54: 769–82 (2008).

13.
Stuart, A. J. The extinction of the woolly mammoth (
Mammuthus primigenius
) and straight-tusked elephant (
Palaeoloxodon antiquus
) in Europe.
Quaternary International
126–8: 171–7 (2005).

14.
Stuart, A. J., Sulerzhitsky, L. D., Orlova, L. A.,
et al
. The latest woolly mammoths (
Mammuthus primigenius
Blumenbach) in Europe and Asia: a review of the current evidence.
Quaternary Science Reviews
21: 1559–69 (2002).

Meeting with the Reindeer Herders of the North: Olenek, Siberia

1.
Vitebsky, P.
Reindeer People. Living with Animals and Spirits in Siberia
, HarperCollins, London (2005).HarperCollins, London (2005).

2.
Ingold, T. On reindeer and men.
Man
9: 523–38 (1974).

3.
Pakendorf, B., Wiebe, V., Tarskaia, L. A.,
et al
. Mitochondrial DNA evidence for admixed origins of central Siberian populations.
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
120: 211–14 (2003).

4.
Pakendorf, B., Novgorodov, I. N., Osakovskij, V. L., & Stoneking, M. Mating patterns amongst Siberian reindeer herders:inferences from mtDNA and Y-chromosomal analyses.
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
133: 1013–27 (2007).

5.
Uinuk-ool, T., Takezaki, N., Sukernik, R. I.,
et al.
Origin and affinities of indigenous Siberian populations as revealed by HLA class II gene frequencies.
Human Genetics
110: 209–26 (2002).

6.
Burch, E. S. The caribou/wild reindeer as a human resource.
American Antiquity
37: 339–68 (1972).

7.
Galloway, V. A., Leonard, W. R., & Ivakine, E. Basal metabolic adaptation of the Evenki reindeer herders of Central Siberia.
American Journal of Human Biology
12:75–87 (2000).

8.
Leonard, W. R., Galloway, V. A., Ivakine, E.,
et al.
Nutrition, thyroid function and basal metabolism of the Evenki of central Siberia.
International Journal of Circumpolar Health
58: 281–95 (1999).

9.
Ebbesson, S. O. E., Schraer, C., Nobmann, E. D., & Ebbesson, L. O. E. Lipoprotein profiles in Alaskan Siberian Yupik Eskimos.
Artic Medical Research
55: 165–73 (1996).

10.
Steegman, A. T. Cold adaptation and the human face.
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
32: 243–50 (1970).

11.
Shea, B. T. Eskimo craniofacial morphology, cold stress and the maxillary sinus.
American Journal of Physical Anthropology
47: 289–300 (1977).

12.
Wallace, D. C. A mitochondrial paradigm of metabolic and degenerative diseases, aging, and cancer: a dawn for evolutionarymedicine.
Annual Review of Genetics
39:359–407 (2005).

The Riddle of Peking Man: Beijing, China

1.
Sautman, B. Peking Man and the politics of palaeoanthropological nationalism in China.
The Journal of Asian Studies
60: 95–124 (2001).

2.
Pope, G. G. Craniofacial evidence for the origin of modern humans in China.
Yearbook of Physical Anthropology
35: 243–98 (1992).

3.
Tattersall, I., & Sawyer, G. J. The skull of ‘Sinanthropus’ from Zhoukoudian, China: a new reconstruction.
Journal of Human Evolution
31: 311–14 (1996).
Journal of Human

4.
Kamminga, J., personal correspondence.

5.
Brown, P. Chinese Middle Pleistocene hominids and modern human origins in East Asia. In:
Human Roots. Africa and Asia in the Middle Pleistocene
, Barham, L., & Robson-Brown, K. (eds), Western Academic and Specialist Press, Bristol (2001).

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Shen, G., Teh-Lung, K., Cheng., H.,
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. High-precision U-series dating of Locality 1 at Zhoukoudian, China.
Journal of Human Evolution
41: 679–88 (2001).

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Lieberman, D. E. Testing hypotheses about recent human evolution from skulls: integrating morphology, function, developmentand phylogeny.
Current Anthropology
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Stringer, C. B. Reconstructing recent human evolution.
Philosophical Transactions:
Biological Sciences
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9.
Stringer, C. Modern human origins: progress and prospects.
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10.
Lieberman, D. E., Krovitz, G. E., Yates, F. W.,
et al
. Effects of food processing on masticatory strain and craniofacial growth in a retrognathic face.
Journal of Human Evolution
46: 655–77 (2004).

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