The Wilderness Warrior: Theodore Roosevelt and the Crusade for America (148 page)

24.
David Henry Burton,
Theodore Roosevelt, American Politician: An Assessment
(Teaneck, N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1997), p. 88.

25.
T.R. to William Adolph Baillie-Grohman (June 12, 1900).

26.
T.R. to Senator Hanna (June 27, 1900), quoted in Joseph Bucklin Bishop,
Theodore Roosevelt and His Time Shown in His Own Letters
Vol. 1 (New York: Scribner, 1919), p. 139.

27.
T.R. to Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. (February 19, 1904).

28.
Dalton,
Theodore Roosevelt: A Strenuous Life,
p. 101.

29.
Don Russell,
The Lives and Legends of Buffalo Bill
(Norman: Oklahoma University Press, 1960), p. 419.

30.
Nathan Miller,
Theodore Roosevelt: A Life
(New York: William Morrow, 1992), p. 344.

31.
Stefan Lorant,
The Life and Times of Theodore Roosevelt
(New York: Doubleday, 1959), p. 335.

32.
Robert B. Roosevelt to Charles Hallock (July 1900), R.B.R. Papers, TRA—Oyster Bay. (Thanks to the late John A.
Gable for providing me a copy of this fascinating note.)

33.
Lorant,
The Life and Times of Theodore Roosevelt
, p. 335.

34.
David S. Barry,
Forty Years in Washington
(Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown, 1924), p. 246.

35.
T.R. to Senator Marcus A. Hanna, quoted in Bishop,
Theodore Roosevelt and His Time Shown in His Own Letters
, pp. 139–140.

36.
T.R. to the National Irrigation Congress (November 16, 1900).

37.
T.R. to Percy S. Lansdowne (December 7, 1900).

38.
T.R. to Frederick Courteney Selous (November 23, 1900).

39.
T.R. to Edward Sanford Martin (November 26, 1900).

40.
T.R. to Elihu Root (December 5, 1900).

41.
T.R. to Philip Bathell Stewart (December 6, 1900).

42.
Frank Donaldson Biography, Medical and Chirurgical Faculty, University of Maryland, College Park.

43.
Clara Barton,
The Red Cross: A History of This Remarkable International Movement in the Interest of Humanity
(Albany, N.Y.: J. B. Lyon, 1898), p. 617.

44.
“Roosevelt at Home,”
New York Times
(October 17, 1898), p. 2; and “History of Red Crags” (courtesy of Red Crags Bed and Breakfast).

45.
T.R.,
The Wilderness Hunter
, (New York: Putnam, 1893), p. 344.

46.
T.R.,
Outdoor Pastimes of an American Hunter,
p. 2.

47.
Because the White River National Forest was more than 1 million acres, as president Roosevelt, capitulating to developers in Meeker, reduced the size by 61,000 acres in 1902 and 159,000 acres in 1904. U.S. Department of Agriculture History File on White River National Forest (October 29, 2007).

48.
T.R.,
Outdoor Pastimes of an American Hunter,
pp. 2–3.

49.
C. S. Forbes, “President Roosevelt,”
Vermonter
, Vol. 7, No. 4 (November 1901).

50.
T.R.,
Outdoor Pastimes of an American Hunter,
p. 3.

51.
Ibid., pp. 3–30.

52.
Ibid.

53.
T.R.,
The Wilderness Hunter
(New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1893), p. 344.

54.
Jeremy Johnston, “Preserving the Beasts of Waste and Desolation: Theodore Roosevelt and Predator Control in Yellowstone,”
Yellowstone Science
(Spring, 2002), pp. 15–16.

55.
T.R. to Frederick Courteney Selous (March 8, 1901).

56.
Blum,
The Republican Roosevelt
, p. 29.

57.
Henry F. Pringle,
Theodore Roosevelt: A Biography
(New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1931), p. 241.

58.
H. W. Brands,
T.R.: The Last Romantic
(New York: Basic Books, 1997), p. 407.

59.
T.R. to W. H. Taft (April 26, 1901).

60.
T.R. to Charles Emory Smith (April 3, 1901).

61.
T.R. to Winthrop Chanler (March 8, 1901).

62.
T.R. to Caspar Whitney (March 16, 1901).

63.
T.R. to Florence Bayard Lockwood La Farge (March 29, 1901).

64.
T.R. to Hamlin Garland (April 4, 1901).

65.
T.R. to C. G. Gunther’s Sons (April 23, 1901).

66.
C. Hart Merriam to T.R. (May 3, 1901).

67.
T.R. to Gifford Pinchot (April 16, 1901).

68.
T.R. to Eugene Hale (May 13, 1901).

69.
T.R. to Caspar Whitney (June 7, 1901).

70.
T.R. to William Wells (June 17, 1901).

71.
James B. Trefethen,
Crusade for Wild-life: Highlights in Conservation Progress
(Harrisburg, Pa.: Stackpole: and New York: Boone and Crockett, 1961), pp. 67–69.

72.
Alden Sampson, “The Creating of Game Refuges,” in George Bird Grinnell (ed.),
American Big Game in Its Haunts
(New York: Forest and Stream, 1904).

73.
T.R. to Erwin Brown (June 13, 1901).

74.
T.R. to W. H. Taft (April 26, 1901).

Lorant,
The Life and Times of Theodore
Roosevelt
, p. 357.

76.
“Our History,” Vermont Federation of Sportsmen’s Clubs (November 7, 2005). (Pamphlet.) Between 1878 and 1920 the league helped create the Vermont Fish and Wildlife Protection.

77.
C. S. Forbes, “President Roosevelt,”
The Vermonter
(Essex Junction, Vermont), Vol. 8, No. 4 (November 1901).

78.
Charlotte Mehrtens, “Chazy Reef at Isle LaMotte,”
Geology of Vermont
(1998). (Pamphlet.)

79.
Christina and Diane E. Foulds,
Vermont
(Woodstock, Vt.: Countryman, 2006), pp. 481–487.

80.
Forbes, “President Roosevelt.”

81.
Ibid.

82.
Ibid.

83.
“Mr. Roosevelt en Route,”
New York Times
(September 7, 1901), p. 1.

84.
Edith Roosevelt is quoted in Arthur H. Masten,
Tahawus Club 1898–1933
(Burlington, Vt.: Free Press Interstate, 1935), p. 54.

85.
Jon Krakauer,
Into Thin Air
(New York: Villard-Random House, 1997), p. 270.

86.
“Hunt over Mountains for Mr. Roosevelt,”
New York Times
(September 14, 1901), p. 1.

87.
Morris,
The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt,
p. 741.

88.
Ibid.

89.
Margaret Leech,
In the Days of McKinley
(New York: Harper, 1959), p. 601.

90.
Special to the New York Times, “Mr. Roosevelt Is Now the President,”
New York Times
(September 15, 1901), p. 1.

15: T
HE
C
ONSERVATIONIST
P
RESIDENT AND THE
B
ULLY
P
ULPIT FOR
F
ORESTRY

1.
Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.,
Journals 1952–2000
(New York: Penguin, 2007), pp. 760–761.

2.
George H. Lyman to Henry Cabot Lodge (November 13, 1901), Henry Cabot Lodge Papers, Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston.

3.
Lewis L. Gould,
The Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt
(Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1991), pp. 8–9.

4.
William Allen White to Cyrus Leland (December 19, 1901), William Allen White Papers, Library of Congress.

5.
T.R.,
Hunting Trips of a Ranchman
(New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1885), p. 121.

6.
Donald Worster,
Nature’s Economy: A History of Ecological Ideas,
2nd ed. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), p. 270.

7.
La Follette quoted in Farida A. Wiley, “Introduction,” in
Theodore Roosevelt’s America
(New York: Natural History Library Edition, 1962), p. xxiii.

8.
T.R.,
A Book-Lover’s Holidays in the Open
(New York: Scribner, 1916), pp. 96–97.

9.
Charles R. Farabee Jr.,
National Park Ranger: An American Icon
(Lanham, Md.: Roberts Rinehart, 2003), pp. 17–18.

10.
Ibid.

11.
T.R. to David E. Warford (August 20, 1901).

12.
Kenneth C. Kellar,
Seth Bullock: Frontier Marshall
(Aberdeen, S.D.: North Plains Press, 1972), p. 120.

13.
“A New Cabinet Member,”
New York Times
(December 22, 1898), p. 1.

14.
Kellar,
Seth Bullock,
p. 120.

15.
T.R. to Seth Bullock (September 24, 1901).

16.
Charles G. Washburn,
Theodore Roosevelt: The Logic of His Career
(Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1916), p. 120.

17.
T.R. to Ethan Allen Hitchcock (January 25, 1902).

18.
T.R. to Booker T. Washington, September 14, 1901 in Emmett Jay Scott and Lyman Beecher Stowe,
Booker T. Washington: Builder of Civilization
(New York: Doubleday, 1916), p. 49.

19.
New Orleans Statesman
quoted in Washburn,
Theodore Roosevelt: The Logic of His Career,
p. 73.

20.
Pearl Kluger, “Progressive Presidents and Black Americans” (PhD dissertation, Columbia University, 1972), pp. 311–312.

21.
Richmond Times
quoted in H. W. Brands,
T.R.: The Last Romantic
(New York: Basic Books, 1997), p. 423. See also Louis R.
Harlan, Booker T. Washington: The Making of a Black Leader, 1856–1901
(New York: Oxford University Press, 1978), p. 314.

22.
“The Night President Teddy Roosevelt Invited Booker T. Washington to Dinner,”
Journal of Blacks in Higher Education,
No. 35 (Spring 2002), pp. 24–25.

23.
John Ise,
The United States Forest Policy
(New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1920), p. 161; Samuel T. Dana,
Forest and Range Policy
(New York: McGraw-Hill, 1956), pp. 102–104.

24.
John Allen Gable, ed., “President Theodore Roosevelt’s Record on Conservation,” Vol. 10.
Theodore Roosevelt Association Journal
(Fall 1984), pp. 2–11. Also see Theodore Roosevelt Association Online Archives, “Conservationist, Establishment and Modification of National Forest Boundaries: A Chronological Record, 1891–1973” (compiled and edited from research done by the National Geographic Society and the Theodore Roosevelt Association staff, November 2005).

25.
T.R. to James Wilson, (October 18, 1901).

26.
M. Nelson McGeary,
Gifford Pinchot: Forester-Politician
(Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1960), pp. 65–67.

27.
Char Miller,
Gifford Pinchot and the Making of Modern Environmentalism
(Washington, D.C.: Island, 2001), pp. 147–150.

28.
Edmund Morris,
Theodore Rex
(New York: Random House, 2001), pp. 70–80. (All of chap. 4 of this biography deals with December 3, 1901.)

29.
Lewis L. Gould,
The Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt
(Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1991), p. 29.

30.
“President Roosevelt’s First Message,”
New York Times
(December 4, 1901), p. 6.

31.
Morris,
Theodore Rex
, p. 75.

32.
“President Roosevelt’s First Message,”
New York Times
, p. 6.

33.
Ibid.

34.
Morris,
Theodore Rex
, p. 76.

35. Paul Russell Cutright,
Theodore Roosevelt: The Naturalist
(New York: Harper, 1956), pp. 164–165.

36.
“President Roosevelt’s First Message,” p. 6.

37.
John Muir,
Our National Parks
(Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 1901). For Muir’s original essays see “The American Forests,”
Atlantic,
Vol. 80 (August 1897); and “The Wild Parks and Forest Reservations of the West,”
Atlantic,
Vol. 81 (January 1898).

38.
Muir quoted in Austin Considine, “Fall Colors without the Crowds,”
New York Times
(October 19, 2007), p. D1.

39.
T.R.,
An Autobiography
(New York: Macmillan, 1913), p. 415.

40.
Outing Magazine
, Vol. 39 (1902).

41.
Worster,
Nature’s Economy
, p. 262.

42.
Cutright,
Theodore Roosevelt: The Naturalist,
p. 93.

43.
“John A. Loring, 76, Noted Naturalist,”
New York Times,
(May 9, 1947), p. 21.

44.
C. Hart Merriam, “Roosevelt the Naturalist,”
Science
, New Series, Vol. 75, No. 1937 (February 12, 1932), pp. 181–183.

45.
Ibid.

46.
Ibid.

47.
Robert B. Pickering, “Return of the Buffalo: An American Success Story,”
Points West
(Fall 2000).