Real Food (34 page)

Notes

1.1 Grow Up on Real Food, Lose My Way, and Come Home Again

1. To calculate your BMI, see www.nhlbisupport.com/bmi.

2. William R. Leonard, "Food for Thought,"
Scientific American
13, no. 2 (2003;

updated from December 2002 issue).

3. Talk by Michel Odent attended by the author.
Midwifery Today
conference, Philadelphia, March 18, 2004.

4. Lindsay Allen spoke at the 2005 meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

5. Some vitamin B
₁₂
is produced by microorganisms in fermentation. Yeast and beer, for example, contain vitamin B12 made by these tiny animals.
A small quantity of B
₁₂
prevents deficiency.

6. A. P. Simopoulos, "The Importance of the Ratio of Omega-6/Omega-3 Essential Fatty Acids,"
Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 56,
no. 8 (2002): 453.

7. Andrew L. Stoll,
The Omega-3 Connection: The Ground-Breaking Anti-Depression
and Diet Program
(New York: Fireside, 2001), 92.

8. Anthony Colpo, "LDL Cholesterol: 'Bad' Cholesterol, or Bad Science?"
Journal
of American Physicians and Surgeons
10, no. 3 (2005).

9. N. Schupf et al., "Relationship Between Plasma Lipids and All-Cause Mortality in Non-Demented Elderly,"
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 53
(2005) 219-229.

10. "Malignant Medical Myths About Heart Disease," a talk given on November 13, 2005, by Joel Kauffman attended by the author
at the Weston A. Price Foundation Conference in Chantilly, Virginia. See also the chapter on cholesterol from Kauffman's book
Malignant Medical Myths.

11. Leonard, "Food for Thought."

2. Real Milk, Butter, and Cheese

1. A. P. Simopoulos, "The Importance of the Ratio of Omega-6/Omega-3 Essential Fatty Acids,"
Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 56,
no. 8 (2002): 453.

2. Mary Enig,
Know Your Fats: The Complete Primer for Understanding the
Nutrition of Fats, Oils, and Cholesterol
(Silver Spring, MD: Bethesda Press, 2000), 57.

3. R. L. Duyff and the American Dietetic Association,
American-Dietetic Association
Complete Food and Nutrition Guide,
2nd ed. (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley, 2002),
65.

4. The antibodies are known as immunoglobulins. The other four are IgG, IgM, IgD, and IgE.

5. Enig,
Know Your Fats,
189; and R. Uauy, C. E. Mize, and C. Castillo-Duran, "Fat Intake During Childhood: Metabolic Responses and Effects on Growth,"
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
72 (2000): S1354-60.

6. For a recipe, see Sally Fallon and Mary Enig,
Nourishing Traditions,
revised 2nd ed. (Washington, DC: NewTrends, 2001) or www.westonaprice.org.

7. J. M. Neeson,
Commoners: Common Rights, Enclosure and Social Change in
England, 1700 to 1820
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), 11.

8. Thokild Kjaergaard,
The Danish Revolution, 1500-1800: An Ecohistorical
Interpretation,
trans. David Hohnen (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), 162-63.

9. Interview with the author on May 6, 2004, prompted by Grout's review of Grohman's book, posted on www.amazon.com on March
23, 2004.

10. Robert Cohen,
Milk: The Deadly Poison
(Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Argus, 1997), 100-101.

11. Albano Beja-Pereira et al., "Gene-Culture Coevolution Between Cattle Milk Protein Genes and Human Lactase Genes,"
Nature Genetics,
published online November 23, 2003.

12. Uffe Ravnskov,
The Cholesterol Myths: Exposing the Fallacy That Cholesterol
and Saturated Fat Cause Heart Disease
(Washington, DC: NewTrends, 2000), 32-33.

13.
Nutrition Week,
March 22, 1991, 2-3.

14. Ravnskov,
The Cholesterol Myths,
104.

15. E. Somer, "Minerals," in
The Essential Guide to Vitamins and Minerals
(New York: Harper Perennial, 1995), 89-94.

16. Sally Fallon and Mary Enig,
Eat Fat, Lose Fat
(New York: Hudson Street Press/Penguin, 2005), 51-52.

17. P. C. Elwood et al., "Milk Consumption, Stroke, and Heart Attack Risk: Evidence from the Caerphilly Cohort of Older Men,"
Journal of Epidemiology and
Community Health
59 (2005): 502-5.

18. P. Reaven, S. Parthasarathy, B. J. Grasse, E. Miller, F. Almazan, F. H. Mattson, J. C. Khoo, D. Steinberg, and J. L. Witztum,
"Feasibility of Using an Oleate-Rich Diet to Reduce the Susceptibility of Low-Density Lipoprotein to Oxidative Modification
in Humans,"
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
54, no. 4 (1991): 701-6.

19. M. L. Kelly, E. S. Kolver, D. E. Bauman, M. E. Van Amburgh, and L. D. Muller, "Effect of Intake of Pasture on Concentrations
of Conjugated Linoleic Acid in Milk of Lactating Cows,"
Journal of Dairy Science
81, no. 6 (1998): 1630-36. See also T. R. Dhiman, G. R. Anand, L. D. Satter, and M. W Pariza, "Conjugated Linoleic Acid Content
of Milk from Cows Fed Different Diets,"
Journal of Dairy
Science
82, no. 10 (1999): 2146-56.

20. Laurie S. Z. Greenberg and Darcy Klasna, "The Marketing Potential of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) in Cheese: A Market
Scan," Cooperative Development Services, May 2002, 9.

21. W. Campbell, M. A. Drake, and D. K. Larick, "The Impact of Fortification with Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) on the Quality
of Fluid Milk,"
Journal of Dairy
Science
86 (2003): 48.

22.
California Morbidity Weekly Report,
March 31, 1989.

23. Martha M. Kramer, F. Latzke, and M. M. Shaw, "A Comparison of Raw, Pasteurized, Evaporated and Dried Milks as Sources
of Calcium and Phosphorus for the Human Subject,"
Journal of Biological Chemistry
79 (1928): 283-95.

24. Madeleine Vedel, "Saving the Raw Milk Cheeses of Provence,"
Wise Traditions
in Food, Farming and the Healing Arts
(newsletter of the Weston A. Price Foundation), 5, no. 4 (2004): 60-65.

25. X. Z. Ding et al., "Anti-Pancreatic Cancer Effects of Myristoleic Acid,"
Pancreatology
3 (2003): 209-69.

26. Schmid
{The Untold Story of Milk)
found the Mayo Clinic study. See also Bernarr Macfadden,
The Miracle of Milk: How to Use the Milk Diet Scientifically at Home
(Mcfadden Publications, 1924).

27. M. B. Zemel, "Role of Dietary Calcium and Dairy Products in Modulating Adiposity,"
Lipids
38, no. 2 (2003): 139-46.

3. Real Meat

1. Nichola Fletcher, "Hunting for Fat, Searching for Lean," in
The Fat of the Land:
Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery, 2002,
ed. Harlan Walker (Bristol: Footwork, 2003), 88.

2. G. G. Khachatourians, "Agricultural Use of Antibiotics and the Evolution and Transfer of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria,"
Canadian Medical Association Journal
159, no. 9 (1998): 1129-36.

3. The figures refer to the period from June 1, 2004, to May 31, 2005.

4. Anne Dolamore, "Jack Sprat's Horror: Lardo Rediscovered," in
The Fat of the
Land, 16.

5. Bruce Kraig, "Fried in the Heartland," in
The Fat of the Land,
169.

6. D. B. Mutetikka and D. C. Mahan, "Effect of Pasture, Confinement, and Diet Fortification with Vitamin E and Selenium on
Reproducing Gilts and Their Progeny,"
Journal of Animal Science
71 (1993): 3211.

7. C. H. Chiu, T. L. Wu, L. H. Su, C. Chu, J. H. Chia, A. J. Kuo, M. S. Chien, and T. Y. Lin, "The Emergence in Taiwan of
Fluoroquinolone Resistance in
Salmonella
enterica
Serotype Choleraesuis,"
New England Journal of Medicine
346, no. 6 (2002): 413-19.

8. Nicolette Hahn Niman, "The Unkindest Cut,"
New York Times,
March 7, 2005.

9. A. A. Ojeniyi, "Public Health Aspects of Bacterial Drug Resistance in Modern Battery and Town/Village Poultry,"
Ada Veterinaria Scandinavica
30, no. 2 (1989): 127-32.

10. L. Horrigan, R. S. Lawrence, and P. Walker, "How Sustainable Agriculture Can Address the Environmental and Human Health
Harms of Industrial Agriculture,"
Environmental Health Perspectives
110, no. 5 (2002): 445-56.

11. G. D. Bailey, B. A. Vanselow, M. A. Hornitzky, S. I. Hum, G. J. Eamens, P. A. Gill, K. H. Walker, and J. P. Cronin, "A
Study of the Foodborne Pathogens: Campylobacter, Listeria and Yersinia, in Faeces from Slaughter-Age Cattle and Sheep in Australia,"
Communicable Diseases Intelligence
27, no. 2 (2003): 249-57.

12. T. R. Callaway, R. O. Elder, J. E. Keen, R. C. Anderson, and D. J. Nisbet, "Forage Feeding to Reduce Preharvest Escherichia
coli Populations in Cattle, a Review,"
Journal of Dairy Science
86, no. 3 (2003): 852-60.

13. R. J. Nicolosi, E. J. Rogers, D. Kritchevsky, J. A. Scimeca, and P. J. Huth, "Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Reduces
Plasma Lipoproteins and Early Aortic Atherosclerosis in Hypercholesterolemic Hamsters,"
Artery
22, no. 5 (1997): 266-77.

14. Y. Park, K. J. Albright, W Liu, J. M. Storkson, M. E. Cook, and M. W Pariza, "Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Body
Composition in Mice,"
Lipids
32, no. 8 (1997): 853-58. See also D. B. West, J. P. Delany, P. M. Camet, F. Blohm, A. A. Truett, and J. Scimeca, "Effects
of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Body Fat and Energy Metabolism in the Mouse,"
American Journal of Physiology 275,
no. 3, pt. 2 (1998): R667-72.

15. P. Baghurst, S. Record, and J. Syrette, "Does Red Meat Cause Cancer?"
Australian
Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics
54 (1997): Sl-44.

16. C. Ip, J. A. Scimeca, et al., "Conjugated Linoleic Acid. A Powerful Anticarcinogen from Animal Fat Sources,"
Cancer
74, no. 3 (1994): S1050-54.

17. C. Ip, S. F. Chin, J. A. Scimeca, and M. W Pariza, "Mammary Cancer Prevention by Conjugated Dienoic Derivative of Linoleic
Acid,"
Cancer Research
51, no. 22 (1991): 6118-24.

18. A. R. Eynard and C. B. Lopez, "Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Versus Saturated Fats/Cholesterol: Their Proportion in Fatty
and Lean Meats May Affect the Risk of Developing Colon Cancer,"
Lipids in Health and Disease
2 (2003): 6.

19. A. Aro et al., "Inverse Association Between Dietary and Serum Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Risk of Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal
Women,"
Nutrition and Cancer
38, no. 2 (2000): 151-57.

20. K. Sundram, K. C. Hayes, and O. H. Siru, "Dietary Palmitic Acid Results in Lower Serum Cholesterol Than Does a Lauric-Myristic
Acid Combination in Normolipemic Humans,"
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
59, no. 4 (1994): 841-46.

21. Nichola Fletcher, "Hunting for Fat, Searching for Lean," in
The Fat of the Land:
Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery, 2002,
ed. Harlan Walker (Bristol: Footwork, 2003), 82.

22. Mary Enig,
Know Your Fats: The Complete Primer for Understanding the Nutrition
of Fats, Oils, and Cholesterol
(Silver Spring, MD: Bethesda Press, 2000), 84.

23. C. Lai, D. M. Dunn, M. F. Miller, and B. C. Pence, "Non-Promoting Effects of Iron from Beef in the Rat Colon Carcinogenesis
Model,"
Cancer Letters
112 (1997): 87-91.

24. G. Parnaud, G. Peiffer, S. Tache, and D. E. Corpet, "Effect of Meat (Beef, Chicken, and Bacon) on Rat Colon Carcinogenesis,"
Nutrition and Cancer
32 (1998): 165-73.

25. B. C. Pence, M. J. Butler, D. M. Dunn, M. F. Miller, C. Zhao, and M. Landers, "Non-promoting Effects of Lean Beef in the
Rat Colon Carcinogenesis Model,"
Carcinogenesis
16 (1995): 1157-60.

26. P. Baghurst, S. Record, and J. Syrette, "Does Red Meat Cause Cancer?"
Australian
Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics
54 (1997): Sl-44.

27. Ward Nicholson, www.beyondveg.com/cat/paleodiet/. Used by permission from Ward Nicholson, granted in May 2004.

28. M. D. Holmes, G. A. Colditz, D. J. Hunter, S. E. Hankinson, B. Rosner, F. E. Speizer, and W. C. Willett, "Meat, Fish and
Egg Intake and Risk of Breast Cancer,"
International Journal of Cancer
104 (2003): 221-27.

29. IARC WHO Europe Against Cancer, European Commission, "European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC),"
www.ism.uit.no/kk/e/EPICpercent20international.htm (accessed May 1, 2004).

30. A. R. Eynard and C. B. Lopez, "Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Versus Saturated Fats/Cholesterol: Their Proportion in Fatty
and Lean Meats May Affect the Risk of Developing Colon Cancer,"
Lipids in Health and Disease
2 (2003): 6.

31. A. Navarro, M. P. Diaz, S. E. Munoz, M. J. Lantieri, and A. R. Eynard, "Characterization of Meat Consumption and Risk
of Colorectal Cancer in Cordoba, Argentina,"
Nutrition
19 (2003): 7-10.

32. Heterocyclic amines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

33. A. P. Simopoulos, "The Importance of the Ratio of Omega-6/Omega-3 Essential Fatty Acids,"
Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 56,
no. 8 (2002): 365-79.

4. Real Fish

1. Talk by Michel Odent attended by the author,
Midwifery Today
conference, Philadelphia, March 18, 2004.

2. Ibid.

3. Living inland presents one other nutritional risk: iodine deficiency. The American Midwest is called the "goiter belt"
because the thyroid needs iodine, found in unrefined sea salt and seafood.

4. Blaine Harden, "Tribe Fights Dams to Get Diet Back,"
Washington Post,
January 30, 2005.

5. A. P. Simopoulos, "Omega-3 Fats in Health and Disease and in Growth and Development,"
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,
54, no. 3 (1991): 451.

6. Andrew L. Stoll,
The Omega-3 Connection: The Ground-Breaking Anti-Depression
and Diet Program
(New York: Fireside, 2001), 72.

7. Ibid., 74.