The Friar of Carcassonne (44 page)

inciting townspeople, 115, 116–17, 120–23, 124–25, 136

lessons from Flanders, 110–11

overcoming heresy, 68

personality of, 2–4, 133–34

sermon of 1303, 120–22, 181, 244
n

as soothsayer, 168–69, 181, 190–91, 195, 204–5

as Spiritual Franciscan, 5–6, 178–79, 193, 237
n
, 258
n

Dominic, xvii, 16–17, 44–45, 230
n

Dominicans

on Bernard as Spiritual Franciscan, 178–79

Bernard's accusations against, 82

Carcassonnais' ridicule and vandalizing, 129–30

competing with Franciscans, 19–20

desecration of convent in Albi, 102

expulsion from Toulouse, 54

feast day of St. Dominic, 54

as inquisitors, 40–42, 133, 228
n

Miracle of Fire, 17, 45

origin of, 16–17

overview, 15, 19

and Philip IV, 59, 96–97

and Picquigny's excommunication, 137–38

at royal meeting in Toulouse, 147, 148, 249
n
, 250
n

university in Toulouse, 38, 226–227
n

as wolves in sheep's clothing, 121–22

world as their monastery, 41

See also
inquisitors;
specific Dominicans

Dostoevsky, Fyodor, 46, 232
n

Duèse, Jacques, 184.
See also
John XXII, Pope

Duvernoy, Jean, 7, 214
n

Edward of Woodstock, Prince of

Wales “Black Prince,” 35, 224
n
, 226
n

Eliot, T. S., 11

Elne, Kingdom of Majorca, 89, 158,

252
n

England

Black Prince of, 35, 224
n
, 226
n

and Carcassonne, 35, 109, 224
n

and Flanders, 106

and France, 30

and Languedoc, 109

Estates General, Paris, 104

Europe, ix, 7.
See also
England; France; Majorca

Eymerich, Nicolas, 44

Fabre, Aimeri, 78, 238
n

Fabre, Castel, xvi, 78–82, 238
n

Ferran, prince of Majorca, xvii, 156, 157, 159–60, 252
n

Flanders, 106–9, 110–11, 147, 152–53, 242
n

Flote, Pierre, xxi, 30–31, 104, 108

Foulques de Saint-Georges

at Bernard's royal audience, 93

biographical info, xvii

and Fabre's body, 78–82

Philip IV's condemnation of, 97–98

post-accord attempt to arrest heretical sympathizers, 65–67

punishment of, 148

as rapist, 96, 97

Fournier, Jacques

as Benedict XII, 182

biographical info, xix, 182–83, 258
n

and Cathar revival, 167

as judge at Bernard's trial, 192–98

as man of principle, 196, 201

on Peyre-–Cavaillé, 253
n

and Registers X and XI, 206

France

the Church and, 25, 136–38, 221
n

and Commercial Revolution, 25–26

and England, 30

growth and consolidation of, 24–25

loyalty to the monarch, 27–28

university teachings, 26–27

See also
French monarchy;
specific
areas and towns

Franciscans

Beguins, 178

competing with Dominicans, 19–20

convent in Carcassonne, 37, 226
n

Conventuals, 176–78, 179, 181–82, 184–85, 187–88

division over poverty, 176

founding of, 18

French monarchy turning against, 5

as inquisitors, 179, 187–88

overview, 15, 19

poverty as taught by Francis, 5–6, 18, 176, 256
n

revival of kindness to fellow man, 68

See also
Délicieux, Bernard; Spiritual Franciscans

Francis of Assisi, xviii, 18, 176, 179–81, 217
n

Fréauville, Nicolas de, xx, 93, 152–53

Frederick II, xvii, 25, 52, 220
n

French monarchy

Bernard's use of, 4–5, 87–91

Capetian line, 24, 26, 29, 109, 220
n
, 226–227
n

enquêteurs-–réformateurs
of, 87

and Majorca, 157, 160–61

pope vs., 32–33, 87

support for townsmen vs. inquisition, 75

See also specific kings

Fresquet, Jean, 103

Galand, Jean, xix, 55, 56–58, 75, 259
n

Garric, Guilhem, 56, 235
n

Garsie, Arnaud, xv, 152–53, 157

Gascony, English possession of, 30

Genoan traders, 21–22

Germanic emperors, 25

Giles of Rome, 27

God as killer, 45–46

Godin, Guilhem Peire de, 147, 148

Good Men and Good Women.
See
Cathars

Got, Bertrand de, 171.
See also
Clement V, Pope

Gregory IX, Pope, xviii, 38, 176

Gros, Raymond, 53, 234
n

Gui, Bernard on Bernard's ambush of inquisitors, 67

biographical info, xvi, 182

and Cathar revival, 167

charges against Bernard, 188

on death of Patrice and consols of Carcassonne, 168

on desecration of Dominicans convent in Albi, 102

and Patrice, 118

on
rabies Carcassonensis
, 59

on relapsed Jews, 233
n

Guzmán, Domingo de “Dominic,” xvii, 16–17, 44–45, 230
n
.
See also
Dominicans

hagiography, 45

Hell, threat of, 40

heresy and heretics

Autier on Church hatred for, 175

Bernard's approach to conversion, 68

and Bernard's unflappable man story, 124–25, 244
n
, 245
n

Church as too prosecutorial for, 68–69, 178, 180–81

Dominican view of, 41

Innocent III's decree on treatment of, 47

of Spiritual Franciscans, 187–88, 193, 258
n

Tarragona checklist, 43, 79–80, 229
n

techniques of evasiveness, 44

testifying on behalf of, 238
n

See also
terror; torture

Hospitallers, 20

Humbert of Romans, 40

Hundred Years' War, 30

Inferno
(Dante), 11–12, 116, 215
n

Innocent III, Pope, xviii, 18, 40–41

Innocent IV, Pope, xix, 53

Inquisition, 205

inquisition

ambush of inquisitors at Franciscan convent, 65–67, 236
n
, 237
n

and Cathar revival, 167–68

charges against Bernard for interfering, 195–98, 258
n
, 259
n

and Clement V, 172, 255
n

confessions and accusations, 23, 46–47, 57, 97, 136, 193–94

corruption of participants, 52–53, 234
n

Dominicans and Franciscans as overseers in Carcassonne, 98

papal creation of, 38, 40–41, 50–51

and Philip IV, 56–60, 95–96, 97–98

question about occurrence, 38–39, 227
n

rationalizations for, 39, 45–46

registers (
See below
)

wrongful persecution and unflappable man story, 124–25, 244
n
, 245
n

See also
Cathars; terror; torture

Inquisition at Albi 1299–1300
(Davis), 238
n

inquisition registers

alleged attempts to steal, 58, 75

Bernard's lack of faith in, 67–68

Bernard's testimony about, 195–96, 258
n
, 259
n

Bernard's version, including tortures administered, 135–36

at bishop's palace in the Cité, 191

compilation of, 43, 55

fraudulent information in X and XI, 80–82, 89–90, 195–96, 206

and Miracle of Fire, 45

research utilizing, 78

inquisitors

ambush at Franciscan convent, 65–67, 236
n
, 237
n

Franciscans as, 19, 179, 187–88

Gregory's university for, 38

manual for, 43–44, 229
n
, 233
n

overview, 52, 53

process for exposing and punishing heretics, 41–42, 46–51, 54, 69

and relapsed heretics, 50–51, 52, 233
n

sermo generalis,
48, 49, 54, 76, 233
n

See also
Dominicans

international trade, 21–22, 218
n

Islam, 180–81

Jaume II, king of Majorca, xix, 157, 159–61, 252
n

Jesus Christ, 45–46, 230–231
n

Jews and Judaism, 29, 233
n

Joachim of Fiore, 179–80

Joan of Navarre, queen of France and Bernard, 169, 170–71

biographical info, xx, 170–71

in Flanders, 106–7

and silver vase from Carcassonnais, 154–55, 170

and wives of prisoners of Albi, 88, 103–4, 170

John Paul II, Pope, 205–6, 260
n

John XXII, Pope

and Bernard's trial, 190, 193, 201–2

biographical info, xx, 184–85

seizure of Bernard, 185–86

and Spiritual Franciscans, 187

Jubilee (1300), 11–14, 20, 22, 33–34, 116–17, 216
n

Kamil, Malik al-, 18, 217
n

King's Mill, Carcassonne, 36, 65, 225
n

Knights Templar, 20–21, 23–24, 29, 183, 219
n

laity

belief in corruption of inquisitors, 53

educated members of, 39–40

increasing literacy of, 16

and Jubilee in Rome, 21, 22

threats from Dominican inquisitors, 41–42

Languedoc

Bernard's trial in, 190–98

Clement V's concern for, 172, 255
n

French absorption of, 24, 37, 226
n

and inquisition, 52, 56–60, 233
n
, 234
n
, 235
n

lessons from Flanders, 109, 110–11

map, xi

overview, 7, 226
n

Philip IV's meeting in Toulouse, 146–53, 249–251
n

Philip IV's touring of, 145–46, 153–55

reaction to arrival of inquisitors, 53–54

See also
Albi; Carcassonne;

Toulouse

Laurens, Jean-Paul, 1–2, 5, 143, 213
n

Lavaur, Languedoc, 37–38, 227
n

Lemoine, Jean, 250
n

Leneveu, Richard, xxii, 87–91

Llull, Ramon, xxii, 3, 177

Louis IX, king of France, xx, 55, 87, 224
n
, 226
n

Lucius III, Pope, 217
n

Maison Seilhan, Toulouse, 144–45, 249
n

Majorca

Perpignan, 156–58, 251
n

royal family, xvii, xix, 156, 157, 159–61, 252
n

Saint-Jean-–Pla-de-–Corts, 158, 159–61, 193–94, 252
n

manual for inquisitors, 43–44, 229
n
, 233
n

maps, ix–xi

marine infantry parachute regiment

in Carcassonne, 35, 225
n

Marty, Jean, 258
n

Meaux, Geraud de, 125

Miracle of Fire, 17, 45

Molay, Jacques de, 183

Moneta of Cremona, xx, 45–46, 230–231
n

Montaillou, 182

Montbrun, Pierre de, 258
n

Montpellier, 29, 157, 224
n

Montségur, 55

Mostuéjouls, Raimond de, xxii, 192, 206

murder charges against Bernard for

death of Benedict XI, 168–69, 194–95

Musée de Augustins, Toulouse, 1–2

names and terminology, xiii–xiv

Narbonne, 56, 102–3, 143–44, 184–85

Nicholas IV, Pope, 176

Nieheim, Dietrich von, 133, 247
n

Nogaret, Guillaume de

and Bernard, 152, 155, 170

biographical info, xviii, 28–29

and Boniface, 30, 31–33, 98, 104, 133, 137

death of, 183–84

excommunication of, 137

and Philip IV, 110

and Popes Clement and Celestine V, 176

Nuova Cronica
(Villani), 12, 216
n

obscene kiss, 23, 219
n

Olivi, Pierre Jean, xxi, 68–69, 176

On the Gift of Fear
(Humbert of Romans), 40

Orders of the Friars Minor.

See
Franciscans

Orders of the Friars Preachers.

See
Dominicans

Outrage of Anagni, 32–33, 87, 136–37

Pagès, Guilhem, 78, 79, 81–82, 90, 206

Pamiers, 86, 182–83.
See also
Saisset,

Bernard

papacy

approval of torture, 46–47, 53, 232
n

creation of the inquisition, 38, 40–41, 50–51

and descendants of Frederick II, 25

move from Rome to Avignon, 14–15, 171–72, 255
n

Philip IV and cronies' attack on, 30–32

and Spiritual Franciscans, 179–81

See also specific popes

parables

owl-king alleged as Bernard's story, 247
n

Peter and Paul defending themselves in inquisition, 149, 150

rams fighting off the butchers, 122

unflappable man, 124–25, 244
n
, 245
n

Patrice, Hélie

biographical info, xviii

death of, 168, 170–71

inciting townspeople, 119–20, 128

as leader of the Bourg, 117–18, 130

and Philip IV, 153–54, 155

and secession plan, 157, 169

Pelhisson, Guillaume, 234
n

penance after confession and sentencing, 48–49

Perpignan, Kingdom of Majorca, 156–58, 251
n

Perthus Pass, 159, 252
n

Peter of Verona, 53

Petrarch, 255
n

Peyre-–Cavaillé, Guilhem, 165–66, 253
n

Peyre, Sébélia, 183, 256
n

Philip III, king of France “the Bold,” xxi, 56

Philip IV, king of France “the Fair”

and Bernard (
See below
)