The United Nations Security Council and War:The Evolution of Thought and Practice since 1945 (127 page)

SC Res. 1483 (2003) 21, 572, 581, 596, 597, 598, 599, 600, 601, 603

SC Res. 1511 (2003) 602

SC Res. 1546 (2004) 604, 605

SC Res. 1637 (2005) 522, 605

September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States 383, 396–7

Spain 401

terrorism 396–7

ultimatum 401–2

unilateral action 257, 404

United Kingdom 397–8, 400–3, 502

United States 257, 396–404

UNMOVIC (UN Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission) 399–400

US/UK decision to use of force 398–403

veto 502

weapons inspections 384, 398–400

weapons of mass destruction 396–400

ISAF (International Security Assistance Force)
462–3, 594–5

SC Res. 1510 (2003) 462

SC Res. 1386 (2001) 170, 461, 522

Islamist groups
455–8, 461

Israel
see also
Arab-Israeli wars

Entebbe raid (1976) 609

Gulf War (1991) 386

independence, declaration of 302

Iraqi airliner intercept (1973) 609

Iraq’s nuclear reactor, attacks on (1981) 95–6

Jerusalem, administration of 569

Munich Olympics (1972), attack on Israelis at 609

self-defence 95

Suez crisis 284–5, 287–95, 304–6

veto 502

Ivory Coast
see
Côte d’Ivoire

Izetbegovic, Alija
420, 422, 431–2

Jammu & Kashmir
see
Kashmir, India-Pakistan wars over

Jarring, Gunnar
309, 334

Jebb, Gladwyn
64, 76 273

Jetley, Vijay
477

Jinnah, Mohammed Ali
331

Johnson, Lyndon
308, 504

Johnson, Paul
290

Johnson-Sirleaf, Ellen
475–6

Jonah, James
471

Jonassaint, Émile
543

Jordan
160, 163, 209, 260, 303, 311, 314, 403, 479, 504, 623

Joshi, Subhash
476

journalists, protection of
522

judicial review
38, 41, 224

jus ad bellum
see
use of force

jus cogens

humanitarian law, SC resolutions on 533

military occupation of Iraq 599, 600, 603, 606

military occupations, international law on 588, 606

SC resolutions 38

jus in bello
see
international humanitarian law

Kabbah, Ahmed Tejan
467, 469, 476–7, 491

Karachi Agreement
(1949) 336, 342

Kargil conflict
(1999) 325, 326, 340, 343, 497

Karzai, Hamid
462

Kashmir, India-Pakistan wars over
258, 324–36, 340–5

changes in province 343–4

Constitution (1957) 343–4

demilitarization 334–4, 343

dispute (1990) 325–6

First Kashmir War (1947–1949) 325, 326–35

India, accession to 327, 332, 344

plebiscites 324–7, 329–35, 343–4

Second Kashmir War (1965) 324, 326, 329, 335–8, 342

standstill agreement with Pakistan (1947) 327

veto, right of 258

Katanga
629–30

Kennedy, John F
497

Kenya
623

Kerry, John
557

Khan, AQ
612

Khan, Ayub
337

Khan, Yahya
339

Khan, Zafarullah
331

Khomeini, Ruhollah
373, 379

Kilmuir, Lord
282

Kimberley Process
215

Kirk, Grayson
68, 71–2

Kissinger, Henry
306, 310, 312, 509

Kittani, Ismet
370–1

Klein, Jacques Paul
475, 489

Korean War
(1950–3) 265–79

Canada and 274, 276

ceasefire conditions 274

China and 273–8, 500

China’s seat at UN, issue of 266, 277–8

Communists, intervention by 273–8

Cold War 265, 267, 278, 495–6, 500

Committee on Coordination of Assistance for Korea, proposal for 270

containment policy 267–8

demilitarized zone, creation of 274

embargoes 274

GA 265–7, 272–8, 500

GA Res. 377 (1950) 267, 278, 496

GA Res. 384 (1950) 274

GA Res. 498 (1951) 159, 167, 274, 500

GA Res. 500 (1951) 274

GA Res. 610 (1952) 276

ground campaign 272–3

impact of Korean War on UN 277–9

impact of UN on Korean War 275–7

India 269, 272–4, 276

limitation of action to Korea 270–1

Military Staff Committee 270, 278

Mexico 276

NATO allies 273–4, 278–9

non-permanent members 268–9, 272–6

North Korean aggression, response to 265–8

politics within the SC 268–72

prisoners-of-war issue 275–6

SC Res. 82 (1950) 66

SC Res. 83 (1950) 56, 266, 303, 495, 500

SC Res. 84 (1950) 56, 266, 500

SC Res. 85 (1950) 66

Soviet Union 266–8, 270–2, 275–8, 495–6

boycott of SC 266–7, 277

China’s seat at UN, issue of 266, 277–8

GA, role of 278

veto, use of 155, 156–9, 272, 273, 277–8

standing forces 103

threats to international peace and security 267–8

UN-authorized military operation 88

unification of peninsula 273, 279

unified command 266–7

Uniting for Peace 155, 156–9

United States 266–79, 495–6

veto, use of 155, 156–9, 272, 273, 275–8, 496

Yugoslavia 269

Kosovo
410, 437–40
see also
UNMIK; Yugoslavia, former

Albania and 438, 549

ceasefire 438–9

China and 549–50

consent 561

Contact Group 438

ethnic cleansing 242–3, 548

European Union 439–40

humanitarian organizations, right of access for 530–1

humanitarian intervention 243–4, 438–9, 530–1

independence, prospect for 592

judicial reform 592

Kosovo Force (KFOR) 245, 591–2

Kosovo Protection Corps 592

NATO 141–2, 228, 242–5, 438–9, 548–50

bombing of Serbia 96, 549–50

Kosovo Force (KFOR) 591

P5 views on intervention in 141–2, 550

peacekeeping operation 439

Rambouillet conference 438

Russia 438, 502

SC Res. 1160 (1998) 91, 549

SC Res. 1199 (1998) 91, 438, 549

SC Res. 1203 (1998) 91, 438

SC Res. 1239 (1999) 439, 530, 531

SC Res. 1244 (1999) 170, 550, 567, 571, 591

Serbia 437–9, 548–50, 592

‘Standards for Kosovo’ 592

territorial integrity 439, 549–50

UN High Commissioner for Refugees 439, 549

Uniting for Peace Resolution 165–6

United Kingdom and 166, 438–9, 549–50

United States and 438, 549–50

use of force, non-authorization of 438–9, 548–50

veto 502

Kouakou, Fofié
485

Krause, Joachim
27–8

Krisch, Nico
164

Kromah, Alhaji
473

Kufuor, John Agyekum
482

Kurds
see also
Iraq; safe areas

chemical weapons used against 374–6, 377

US-led intervention in northern Iraq (1991) 389, 390, 538, 555

refugees 389, 390, 538

Kuwait
see
Gulf War
(1991)

Lake Initiative
450

Lake, Anthony
545

land for peace principle, Arab-Israeli wars and
308–9, 319–20

large powers
see
great powers, SC and

law of armed conflict
see
international humanitarian law

League of Nations

aggression 11, 12

collective security 13–14

colonialism 10–11

Council 10–11

Covenant 10–11, 12

disarmament 5, 11–12

economic sanctions 11

number of members of 82–3

Permanent Mandates Commission of 574, 576

UN Charter, different from Covenant of 7, 12, 74

veto 11

Lebanon
see also
Arab-Israeli wars; UNIFIL

Arab-Israeli wars 305, 311–13, 316–18, 320–2

consent of host country 510

elections 320–1

France and 321

Hezbollah, Israel attack on (2006) 321

Israel invasions of southern Lebanon 311–13, 315–17, 321–2

Observer Group (UNOGIL) 305

Operation Litani 311–12

peacebuilding 510

PLO camps in 311