Burma/Myanmar: What Everyone Needs to Know (30 page)

Cady, John.
A History of Modern Burma
. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1958.

Collis, Maurice.
Last and First in Burma
. New York: Macmillan, 1956.

Furnival, J. S.
Colonial Policy and Practices
. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1957.

Mi Mi Khaing.
Burmese Family
. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1962.

Shwe Yoe (Sir George C. Scott).
The Burman: His Life and Notions
. London: Macmillan, 1882; reprinted many times.

Thant Myint-U.
The Making of Modern Burma
. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.

Thant Myint-U.
The River of Lost Footsteps: Histories of Burma
. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2006.

Tinker, Hugh.
The Union of Burma: A Study of the First Years of Independence
. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1957.

Callahan, Mary.
Making Enemies: War and State Building in Burma
. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2003.

Maung Aung Myoe.
Building the Tatmadaw: Myanmar Armed Forces since 1998
. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2009.

Selth, Andrew.
Burma’s Armed Forces: Power without Glory
. Norwalk, Conn.: EastBridge, 2002.

Callahan, Mary.
Political Authority in Burma’s Ethnic Minority States: Devolution, Occupation, and Coexistence
. Washington, D.C.: East-West Center, 2007.

Leach, E. R.
Political Systems of Highland Burma: A Study of Kachin Social Structure
. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1954.

Silverstein, Josef.
Burmese Politics: The Dilemma of National Unity
. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1980.

Smith, Martin.
Burma: Insurgency and the Politics of Ethnicity
(2nd ed.). London: Zed Books, 1999.

Smith, Martin.
State of Strife: The Dynamics of Ethnic Conflict in Burma
. Washington, D.C.: East-West Center, 2007.

Lintner, Bertil.
Burma in Revolt: Opium and Insurgency since 1948
. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1994.

Renard, Ronald D.
The Burmese Connection: Illegal Drugs and the Making of the Golden Triangle
. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Reinner, 1996.

Aung San Suu Kyi.
Freedom from Fear and Other Writings
. London: Penguin, 1991.

Khoo Thwe, Pascal.
From the Land of Green Ghosts: A Burmese Odyssey
. London: HarperCollins, 2002.

Larkin, Emma.
In Search of George Orwell in Burma
. New York: Penguin, 2005.

Marshall, Andrew.
The Trousered People: A Story of Burma in the Shadow of Empire
. Washington, D.C.: Counterpoint, 2002.

Orwell, George.
Burmese Days
. New York: Harcourt, Brace, and Jovanovich, 1934.

Orwell, George.
Shooting an Elephant and Other Essays
. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1950.

Jordt, Ingrid.
Burma’s Mass Lay Meditation Movement: Buddhism and the Cultural Construction of Power
. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2007.

Sarkiayanz, E.
Buddhist Backgrounds of the Burmese Revolution
. The Hague: Martinus Neijoff, 1965.

Smith, Donald Eugene Smith.
Religion and Politics in Burma
. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1965.

Spiro, Melford E.
Buddhism and Society: A Great Tradition and Its Burmese Vicissitudes
. New York: Harper & Row, 1970.

Spiro, Melford E.
Burmese Supernaturalism
. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1967.

abortion,
110

Afghanistan,
22
,
105

AFPFL.
See
Anti-Fascist People’s Freedom League

agricultural production,
52
,
66

   opium crops and,
104

   stagnation of,
75
,
169
–170
See also
rice agriculture

Akyab.
See
Sittwe

Alaungpaya (warrior king),
16

All India Radio (AIR),
122

American Baptist Mission,
107

Amnesty International,
129

ana
(coercive power),
150

a-na-de
concept,
152

Anawrahta (warrior king),
16
,
136

Andaman Islands,
160

Anglo-Burmese Wars (1824–1826, 1852, 1895),
5
,
22
,
23
,
32
,
72
–73

   causes of,
26
–28

animism,
59
,
106
,
107

Anti-Fascist People’s Freedom League (AFPFL),
42
,
47
,
51
,
155

   elections of 1960 and,
58
–59

   members and role of,
53
–54

apprentice officer program,
84

Arakan.
See
Rakhine

archaeology,
16
–17

architecture and art,
6

ARF (ASEAN Region Form),
4

Aris, Michael,
38

Armed Forces Parade,
185

army.
See
military

   military government

ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations),
4
–5,
7
,
94
,
97
,
100
,
116
,
122
,
130
,
147

   China and,
159

   drug-free region initiative of,
105

   Myanmar reform potential and,
175
–176

   on Saffron Revolution suppression,
138

ASEAN Charter,
176

ASEAN Treaty of Amity and Cooperation,
183

Asia Foundation,
48

Asian Development Bank,
66
,
171

Asian financial crisis (1997),
100

Assam,
22
,
95

associate citizens,
73

astrology,
9
,
18
,
42
,
74
,
132
,
133
,
140
,
143

Atlee, Clement,
41

Aung Gyi,
38
,
79
,
87

   purge of,
66

Aung San,
37
,
38
,
42
–43,
56
–57,
58
,
87
,
150

   Atlee Agreement (1947) with,
41

   martyrdom of,
42
,
45
,
88
,
89

   Ne Win and,
74
,
124

   political heir of (
see
Aung San Suu Kyi)

Aung San Suu Kyi

   
awza
(charismatic) power of,
150

   background of,
88
–90

   British husband of,
38
,
88

   Buddhism and,
25

   democracy and,
88
,
89
–90,
95
,
109
,
115
,
173

   house arrest of,
2
,
88
,
91
,
109
,
117
,
138

   image of,
2
,
184

   May 1990 elections and,
91

   Nobel Peace Prize and,
2
,
95
,
114
–115

   politics and,
42
,
87
,
88
–90,
100
,
147

   trial (2009) of,
185
,
187
,
188

   UN negotiators for,
89
,
94
,
130
,
176
,
177
,
187

   U.S. policy and,
114
–115,
117
,
119
,
156
,
183

Australia,
4
,
97

awza
(charismatic power),
150

Ayutthaya (Thailand),
5
,
21

Bagan (Pagan),
20
,
23
,
67
,
150

balance of trade,
166

Baluchaung hydroelectric project,
125

banditry,
54

Bangkok,
44

Bangladesh,
3
,
44
,
95
,
120
,
139

Burmese border with,
5
–6,
22
,
108
,
109

Bangladeshi ethnic minority,
xxiv

Ban Ki Moon,
176
,
187

banking system,
155
,
167
–168,
171

Bawdwin-Mantu mines,
31

Bayinnaung (warrior king),
16

Bay of Bengal,
4
,
28
,
120
,
123
,
139
,
159
,
160

Bego (Pegu),
17

Bhamo,
28

bicameral legislature,
53
,
57

bilateral donors,
171
–172

BIMSTEC (Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand Economic Cooperation),
95

black market,
9
,
68
,
76
,
91

Bohingya,
xxiv

border regions,
5
–6,
85
,
86

   human rights violations and,
129

   migrations and,
5
–6,
108

   military in,
70
–71,
106
,
111
,
112

   minority religions and,
106
–109

   narcotics trade and,
103
–106

   smuggling and,
76
,
131
See also
ethnic minorities

Boxer Rebellion (China),
35

Britain.
See
United Kingdom

British colonial era (1885–1948),
5
,
20
,
21
,
22
,
23
,
26
–39,
57
,
108

   Anglo-Burmese Wars and,
5
,
22
,
23
,
26
–28,
32
,
72
–73

   British cultural arrogance and,
27

   Buddhism and,
32
–33,
32
–34,
71