The Atlantic and Its Enemies (97 page)

Khanin, G. I.

Khariton, Yuli

Khe Sanh, battle of (1968)

Khmer Rouge

Khomeini, Ayatollah

Khrushchev, Nikita:

agricultural reform

background and character

and Berlin crisis of 1961

and China

and Cuban crisis of 1962

cultural liberalization policies

and de-Stalinization of Soviet satellite states

defeat of old guard

denunciation of Stalin

and Eisenhower

and Hungarian uprising of 1956

megalomania

and Molotov

Moscow Party head

and nationalism

and Orthodox Church

overthrow of Beria

overthrown (1964)

‘peaceful coexistence’ doctrine

and Poland

political reforms

relations with China

relations with West

release of political prisoners

reputation and popularity

rise to power

row with Nixon over culture

at Stalin’s seventieth birthday

transfer of Crimea to Ukraine

20th Party Congress speech (1956)

Ukraine Party head

Vienna conference (1961)

Kiesinger, Kurt Georg

Kiev

Rosa Luxemburg knitwear factory

Killing Fields
,
The
(film)

KimSung

King’s College, Cambridge

Kırbaşi

Kirikkale

Kirkpatrick, Jeane

Kisielewski, Stefan

Kissinger, Henry:

background and character

and Chile

and Cyprus

and EEC

and Helskinki conference (1975)

and Middle East

military adviser to Kennedy

and OPEC

and ‘Pentagon Papers’

reputation

and SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)

and Vietnam

Koç, Vehbi

Koestler, Arthur

Kohl, Helmut

Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.

Kołakowski, Leszek

Kolko, Gabriel

Kolyma

Komer, Robert W.

Konya

Kopecký, Václav

Korčula

Korea

division
see also
North Korea; South Korea

Korean War

Korngold, Erich

Korolev, Sergey

Kosovo

Kosygin, Alexey

Kovács, László

Kovalev, Ivan

Kraus, Karl

Kravchuk, Leonid

Kreisky, Bruno

Kremlin

Mausoleum

Krenz, Egon

Kriegel, Annie

Krol, Cardinal John

Kruchina, Nikolay

Krupp (corporation)

Kuklinski, Ryszard

Kulakov, Fyodor

Kulikov, Viktor

Kun, Béla

Kunayev, Dinmukhamed

Kundera, Milan

Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalists)

Kurchatov, Igor

Kurds

Kuroń, Jacek

Kuwait

Kuybyshev (Samara)

labour camps (Communist)

Labour Party (British):

1945 government

1951 election defeat

1970 election defeat

1983 election defeat

Callaghan government

and miners’ strike

Wilson government

Lacouture, Jean

Lady Chatterley’s Lover
obscenity trial

Lafontaine, Oskar

Laidler, David

Laing, R..,
Sanity, Madness and the Family

Lam Son operation (1971)

Landau, Lev

Lang, Fritz

Lang, Jack

Lansky, Meyer and Jack

Laos

Lapps, sterilization of

Lasch, Christopher

Lasky, Melvin

Lasky, Victor

Lattimore, Owen

Latvia

Lawrence, D. H.

Lady Chatterley’s Lover
trial

Lawrence, Prust (stockbrokers)

Lawson, Nigel, Baron Lawson of Blaby:

Chancellor of the Exchequer

junior minister

Secretary of State for Energy

Lazare, Christopher

Leach, Sir Henry

Lebanon

Lebedev, Alexandr

Ledeen, Michael

Léger, Fernand

Leipzig

Lend-Lease aid

Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich:

and bureaucracy

commissariat for culture

corpse

economic reform

and Germany

Khrushchev and

on left-wing ‘infantilism’

Maoism and

and Revolution

Leningrad (St Petersburg)

Hermitage

Russian Museum

Soviet-era slums

Zoo

Leo, Pope

Leontiev, Konstantin

Lewis, Michael

Liberal Democrats (German)

Liberal Party (British)

Liberty ships

Libya:

British bases

coup of 1969

under Gaddafi

oil production

Lieven, Alexander

Ligachev, Yegor

Lin Biao

Lindsay, John

Lithuania

Lithuanians

‘Little Entente’

Litzmann, Karl

Liverpool:

dockers

industrial decline

Irish immigration

local government

sale of council houses

Victorian prosperity

Liverpool University

Lloyd George, David, 1st Earl Lloyd George of Dwyfor

Lomé Convention

Lominadze, Beso

London:

bomb damage

local government

Millennium Dome

property prices

smogs

theatre

wartime

winter weather of 1946-7

see also
City of London

London Business School

London conference (1948)

London School of Economics (LSE)

London Underground

Long March (1934-5)

Lorraine

Los Angeles

Louis, King of France

Louis Napoleon, Emperor of the French

Louis Philippe, King of France

Louvain, University of

Louvre Agreement (1987)

LSD (drug)

LSE (London School of Economics)

Lublin

Lukas, J. A.

Lunacharsky, Anatoly

Luns, Joseph

Luther, Martin

Lutheran Church:

East Germany

Hungary

Slovakia

Sweden

Luttwak, Edward

Turbo-Capitalism

Luxemburg

coal and steel production

see also
Benelux

Lvov (Lwów)

Lyubimov, Yuri

MacArthur, Douglas

McCarthy, Joseph

McDonald’s (fast food)

Macedonia

Macedonians

McGovern, George

MacGregor, Sir Ian

McKenzie, D. N.

Maclean, Donald

Maclean, Sir Fitzroy

Macmillan, Harold, 1st Earl of Stockton

McNamara, Robert

MacShane, Denis

Madoff, Bernard

Magloire, Paul

Magnet, Myron

Mailer, Norman

Makarios, Archbishop

malaria

Malatya

Malaya

Malaysia

Malenkov, Georgy

Malraux, André

Malta

Malta summit (1989)

Manaos

Manchester

Grammar School

Manchester Guardian
see
Guardian

Manchukuo

Manchuria

Chinesewar

Japanese invasion (1931)

Soviet claims to territory

Mann, Klaus

Mann, Thomas

Mannerheim, Carl Gustaf Emil

Mannesmann (corporation)

Mansfield, Mike

Mansfield Amendment (1973)

Manuilsky, Dmitry

Mao Tsetung:

and atomic bomb

background and character

andwar

death

early career

‘hundred flowers’ campaign

and Hungarian uprising of 1956

inauguration of People’s Republic

Jiangxi soviet

and Korean War

and Long March

and Marshall

military genius

and Nixon’s visit to China

and Stalin

tyranny

and Vietnam

and village politics

Western intellectuals’ views of

Maoism

‘Little Red Book’

Maraş

Marchais, Georges

Marcuse, Herbert

Margolina, Sonja

Marjolin, Robert

Marshall, George.:

background and character

and Chinesewar

development of Marshall Plan

and Greekwar

and Mao

Moscow conference (1947)

Paris Peace conference (1947)

and Stalin

Yalta conference (1945)

Marshall Plan (European Recovery Program)

costs of

Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA)

Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC)

and Soviet bloc

Martí, José

Marx, Karl

The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon

Marxism:

in Chile

in China

defeat of

in France

and Frankfurt School

Marxist economists

mayhem caused by

in Turkey

Masaryk, Jan

Maspéro, François

mass-production methods

Massoud, Ahmad Shah

Massu, Jacques Émile

Masur, Kurt

Matsu islands

Matthews, Herbert

Matusow, Allen

Mauthausen concentration camp

Maxwell, James Clerk

Maxwell, Robert

Meese, Edwin

Meinhof, Ulrike

Meir, Golda

Mekong Delta

Melhuish, Sir Ramsay

Menderes, Adnan

Mendès France, Pierre

Mengele, Josef

mental illness

Mersin

Messina conference (1955)

Metternich, Klemens Wenzel, Prince von

Mexico:

Castro in

development of contraceptive Pill

oil industry

Mexico City

Meyer, Herbert E.

Miami

Michael I, King of Romania

Microsoft (corporation)

Midnight Cowboy
(film)

Midnight Express
(film)

Mikoyan, Anastas

Milan, Catholic University

Milken, Michael

Millar, Ronald

Miller, William

Milward, Alan

Minc, Julia

Mindszenty, József, Cardinal

miners’ strike (Britain; 1984-5)

Minford, Patrick

Minh, Duong Van

MIR (Latin American Movement for the Revolutionary Left)

MIRVs (multiple independently targeted re-entry vehicles)

Mises, Ludwig von

Missing
(film)

Missoffe, François

Mitchell, John

Mitterrand, Danielle

Mitterrand, François

Mobil (oil company)

mobile phones

Modrow, Hans

Mollet, Guy

Molotov, Vyacheslav:

and Austria

and Germany

and Hungary

and Khrushchev

and Korean War

Molotov Plan

Moscow conference (1947)

and nuclear weapons

obstructiveness

‘our common European home’

on Stalin’s death

Mondale, Walter ‘Fritz’

Monde
,
Le
(newspaper)

monetarism

monetary union, European

money, as emblem of the eighties

Mongolia

Monnet, Jean

Monnet Plan

Mons

Montand, Yves

Montanelli, Indro

Montesquieu, Charles de Secondat, baron de

Montgomery, Bernard, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein

Moon landings

Moore, Barrington

Morgan, Kenneth, Baron

Moro, Aldo

Morocco

Moscow:

alcohol prohibition

Hotel Lux

Khrushchev as Party head

Olympic Games (1980)

Oriental Workers University

post-war rebuilding

see also
Kremlin

Moscow conference (1947)

Moslems:

Greece

India

Pakistan

Palestine

Vietnam
see also
Islam

Mossadegh, Mohammad

overthrown

motor cars see automobile industry

Mounier, Emmanuel

Mount, Ferdinand

Mountbatten, Louis, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma

Moynihan, Daniel Patrick

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus

Muggeridge, Malcolm

mujaheddin

Müller-Armack, Alfred

multinational corporations

Munich

Münzenberg, Willi

Murdoch, Rupert

Murray, Charles

Murray, Lionel ‘Len’, Baron Murray of Epping Forest

Musil, Robert

Muskie, Edmund

Mussolini, Benito

Mussorgsky, Modest

My Lai massacre (1968)

Myrdal, Gunnar

Nagasaki

Nagorny Karabakh

Nagy, Imre

Najibullah, Mohammed

Namur

Nancy Festival (France)

Nanking

massacre (1937)

Nanterre, University of

Naples:

earthquake (1980)

student population

Napoleon I

Code Napoléon

Napoleonsee Louis Napoleon

Nasser, Gamel Abdal:

and Algerian independence

and Aswan Dam

coup of 1952

death

disasters of regime

Egyptian-Syrian union

pan-Arab nationalist ambitions

Six Day War (1967)

and Suez crisis

National Archives (British)

National Coal Board (British)

National Enterprise Board (British)

National Freight (British lorry company)

National Health Service (British)

National Review
(magazine)

National Rifle Association (American)

National Security Council (American; NSC)

National Union of Journalists (British)

National Union of Mineworkers (British)

National Union of Public Employees (British; NUPE)

nationalism

Belgium

China

Hungary

India

Ireland