The Years of Extermination: Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939-1945 (151 page)

in Kiev, 197, 215–19, 259–60

of Lodz Jews, 314–18

in Lwov, 435–36

Nazi move toward, 208

in Riga, 261–63

Romanian, 166–69, 225–27

Soviet, of Polish officers, 475, 477–78

Soviet, of Ukrainian nationalists, 212–15

in Soviet territories, 207–25, 240–47, 267, 282–83, 359–63

of Vilna Jews, 437, 531, 533

of Vinnytsa Jews, 361–62

in Warsaw ghetto, 392–93

mass starvation plan.
See
starvation plan

materialism, 71

Matulionis, Jonas, 241–42

Mauriac, François, 113

Mauthausen concentration camp, 104, 124, 181, 295

May, Heinz, 315–16

Mayer, René, 178

Mayer, Sally, 647

Mayzel, Maurycy, 61

Mazower, Mark, 488

McClelland, Roswell, 626

McCloy, John J., 626–27

Mechanicus, Philip, 547–49, 607–8, 662

medical research.
See
research on Jews, German

Meijers, E. M., 124

Meitner, Lise, xxi

Melmer, Bruno, 499

Mende, Gerhard, 81–82, 427

Mendelsohn, Ezra, 6–7, 24

Mendes, Aristides de Sousa, 90, 193

Mengele, Joseph, 505

Mennecke, Friedrich, 296

Mennonites, Dutch, 125

mentally ill patients, xix, 14–15, 96, 202, 245–46

Mercure de France, 117

Messepalast, 310–11

Mettenheim, Clara von, 52

Meyer, Alfred, 339, 342

Meyer-Erlach, Wolf, 161

Meyer-Hetling, Konrad, 34

Mies, Paul, 54

migration, Jewish.
See also
refugees, Jewish

from eastern and central Europe to western Europe, 6–8

to France, 108–10

from Germany, 9, 59, 82–94, 136, 284–85

to Palestine, 10, 60, 83, 86–92, 458

from Poland, 82–94

to Soviet-occupied Poland, 43

to Spain and Portugal, 90, 447

to Sweden, 91

to Switzerland, 91–92, 447–49

to United States and Latin America, 84–86

Mildner, Rudolf, 544

Milosz, Czeslaw, 533–34

Minden, 296

Minsk, 207–8, 250, 267, 309–10, 361–63, 365, 530

Minzberg, Leon, 62

Mirescu, Mihai, 168

Mischlinge.
See
mixed-breed Jews

mixed-breed Jews

anti-Jewish measures and, 51–52, 126, 141–42, 291–93, 424

as auxiliaries, 519–20

deportations of, 267, 652–53

extermination plans for, 341–42, 344

in France, 111–12, 172–73

in Holland, 123

plea for, 517

research on, 586–89

status of, and soldiers, 94–95

mixed marriages, 8, 49, 51, 126, 186, 253, 276, 293, 341–42, 344, 425, 513–14, 517–20, 547–48, 607, 652–53

Moffie, David, xiii–xv, xxvi

Moldavia, 225

Möllhausen, Eitel Friedrich, 562

Molnar, Ferenc, 97–98

Molotov, Vyacheslav, 130

Moltke, Helmuth von, 294–95, 511–12, 526, 634

Mommsen, Hans, 511–12

money, 42–43, 432, 534–37, 620–25, 647.
See also
bribery

Monowitz-Buna camp, 504

Montor, Henry, 466–67

Moore, Bob, 181

Moravia, 8, 9, 283, 310, 593

Mordowicz, Czeslaw, 615

Morgen, Konrad, 544

Morgenthau, Henry, 596, 645

Morley, John, 640

Morocco, 285

Morris, Leland, 253–54

Moscow, 267–69

Moses and Monotheism
(Freud), 5–6

Moshkin, Ilya, 365

Mounier, Emmanuel, 70, 113, 174

Moyland, Gustav Adolf Steengracht von, 567

Mühldorf, 646

Müller, Annette, 414

Müller, Filip, 499–500, 652

Müller, Heinrich, 82, 285, 362, 462–63

Munich State Opera Orchestra, 369

murder operations.
See
executions; extermination campaign; mass executions

Murmelstein, Benjamin, 352, 578, 637

Murphy, Robert, 111

museum, Jewish, 592–93

music, 98, 103, 151–52, 586, 637–38

Mussert, Anton, 122, 162

Mussolini, Benito, 67, 69, 77–78, 81, 136, 203, 452–54, 466, 470–71, 552–54, 566, 657

Musy, Jean-Marie, 638, 648

Mutschmann, Martin, 624

myth, anti-Semitism as mobilizing, xix–xx, 19, 288, 478

Narva labor camp, 632

Nathan, Otto, 85–86

National Christian Party, 167–68

National Democratic Party (Endeks), 26

nationalism, 7, 11–4, 68, 509

National Socialist Party (Nazi Party).
See also
Hitler,

Adolf; Nazi Germany

collaboration with, 67–75, 76, 111, 117

Eastern Front and, 200

European occupation and, 75–77

Hitler’s speeches to, 18–91, 604–5

of Holland, 122–24, 178–80, 375–76

opposition leaders, 54–55, 74, 511–13, 526, 634

resistance within, 17, 27, 30, 215–19

naturalizations, French, 111–12, 172, 175–78, 550–51

Nazi Germany.
See also

Hitler, Adolf; National

Socialist Party (Nazi Party)

anti-Jewish measures in, 9, 48–52, 94–104, 423–26, 517–20

anti-Semitism in, 634–36, 653–55, 661–62

deportations from, 65–66, 93–94, 136, 138–39, 203, 262–67, 300, 306–14, 369–72, 424–26, 490–97, 652–53

disintegration of, 602–3, 643–48

Eastern Front (
see
Eastern Front Nazi assault on Soviet Union)

European occupation by, 66–67, 75–79

history of Holocaust and, xv–xviii

individual assistance to Jews in, 372

informants from, about gassings, 458–61

invasion of Poland by, 3–4 (
see also
Poland)

Jewish emigration from, 82–83

Jewish leadership in, 16, 59–61, 97–98, 103–4, 290, 425–26

Jewish powerlessness in, 8, 9

liberation of, 644

public awareness and reaction in, to exterminations, xx–xxiv, 39–40, 53–58, 201–2, 252–55, 293–98, 319–20, 334, 426, 458–61, 510–17

soldiers’ letters (
see
letters, German soldiers’)

Soviet pact with, 11

transfers of ethnic Germans into, 32–37

Netherlands.
See
Holland

Neuengamme concentration camp, 655–56

Neumann, Erich-Peter, 161, 342

Neun, Hubert, 161