The Years of Extermination: Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939-1945 (149 page)

death march of Jews to Austria from, 640–43

deportation of Jews from, 502, 613–20

Hitler’s relations with, 603–4, 606

Jewry of, 6–7

liberation of, 602

migration of Polish Jews into, 82

Nazi occupation of, 613–28, 640–43

resistance in, to deportations, 451–52, 483–84

Vaadah negotiations with Eichmann, 620–25

hunger.
See
starvation campaign

Iasi, 225

identity papers, Dutch, 123

ideological factors, xvii–xix, 76.
See also
collaboration; propaganda campaign

I.G. Farben, 235–36, 506

illegal emigration, 86–92

immigration.
See
migration, Jewish

individuals.
See also
populations

awareness of exterminations, xxii–xxiii

interactions of, with Jews, xxiv, 253–54

Czech assistance, 649–50

German clergy assistance, 57

German sympathy, 53–54, 253–55, 372

Polish assistance, 534–37

initiatives of, 193–94

rescue efforts of, 84

industries.
See also
slave labor, Jewish

anti-Semitism and, xxi, 140–41

armament, 348–49, 495–97, 582

Soviet, 137–38

Innitzer, Theodor, 298

intellectual collaboration, 69–71.
See also
collaboration

intermarriage.
See
mixed marriages

International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).

See
Red Cross internment camps.
See
concentration camps Iron Guard, 71, 166–69, 226

Iron Wolf movement, 219–20

isolationist campaign, U.S., 270–72

Israelowitz, Israel, 121

Italy

attempted rescue of Salonika Jews by, 489

deportation and murder of Jews of Rome, 559–61

lack of Vatican guidance in, 561–74 (
see also
Pius XII [pope]; Vatican)

Nazi occupation of, 612–13

occupation of France by, 67, 69, 75

pact of, with Nazi Germany, 130–31

protection of Serbs and Jews by, 229–30

replacement of Mussolini in, 470–71

resistance of, to deportations, 452–54, 552–54, 559–61

Izbica transit camp, 351, 355–56, 490

Jacobson, Louise, 469–70, 662

Jäger, Karl, 240, 362

Jahn, Lilli, 338–39, 517–18, 639, 662

Janowska Road labor camp, 435, 436

Jantausch, Pavol, 373

Japan, 86–87, 130–31, 193–94, 272

Jasenovac extermination site, 229

Jeckeln, Friedrich, 138, 200, 262–63, 267

Jedwabne, 223–24

Jesuits, 515

Jewish Agency, 305–6, 594, 597, 622

Jewish Central Museum, 592–93

Jewish Councils

in Auschwitz, 83

in Belgium, 259

in France, 121, 178, 258, 382, 416–18

in Germany, 370

in ghettos, 153–57

in Holland, xiv, 180–82, 375, 406–10, 549

in Hungary, 614–15

in Lodz, 62–63

in Lwov, 435–36

in Poland, 30, 37–43

responsibility of, xxiii–xxiv, 191–92

in Slovakia, 231

in Vilna, 241

in Warsaw, 37–39, 61–62, 523

Jewish Cultural Association, 97–98, 255–56

Jewish Fighting Organization.
See
ZOB (Zydowska Organizacia Bojowa)

Jewish Military Union, 522 Jewish Question, 11–14, 162–63, 184–85, 237–40, 302–3, 589–90, 634–6.
See also
extermination campaign; Final Solution

Jewish Relief and Rescue Committee (Vaadah), 620–25

Jewish Social Self-Help, 148, 304

Jewish star.
See
star,

Jewish Jewish Statutes, French, 111–12, 119–21, 172–73

Jews.
See also
anti-Semitism; deportations; executions; expropriation campaign; extermination campaign

awareness of, about exterminations, 318–28

communists, 44–48

converted (
see
converted Jews)

definitions of, 51–52, 111–12, 123, 291–93

diarists (
see
diarists, Jewish)

diversity of European, 4–10

as extermination site commandos (
see
special commandos, Jewish)

German research on (
see
research on Jews, German)

ghettos (
see
ghettos)

history of extermination and leadership of, xxiii–xxv (
see also
Jewish Councils; leadership, Jewish)

Jewishness, xiv–xv, 7

Jewish star (
see
star, Jewish)

lack of solidarity of, 60, 192, 479, 508–9, 528

powerlessness and passivity of, xv, xxi–xxiii, 8–10, 103–4, 479, 631

liberalism, communism, and, xvii–xviii, 25–26

migration of (
see
migration, Jewish)

mixed breed (
see
mixed-breed Jews; mixed marriages)

persecution of (
see
anti-Jewish measures)

propaganda against (
see
propaganda campaign)

reaction of, to anti-Jewish measures, 43, 143–44

reaction of, to Nazi occupation of Europe, 77–79, 126–27

reactions of Soviet, 247–51

religious (
see
Judaism)

suicides (
see
suicides)