Revolutionary Ideas: An Intellectual History of the French Revolution From the Rights of Man to Robespierre (153 page)

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Authors: Jonathan Israel

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BOOK: Revolutionary Ideas: An Intellectual History of the French Revolution From the Rights of Man to Robespierre
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60
.  Benoit, “Lyon rouge,” 188–89.
61
.  Fauchet,
Journal des Amis
2, 154;
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 228 (7 May 1793), 290–91; Johnson,
Midi in Revolution
, 214–15; Slavin,
Making
, 154.
62
.  Fauchet,
Journal des Amis
9, 464 (2 March 1793).
63
.  Sewell,
Work and Revolution
, 105–6.
64
.  
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 222 (1 May 1793), no. 223 (2 May 1793), and no. 226 (5 May 1793), 253–55, 265, 274.
65
.  BHP pamph. 602672/5; Gorsas,
Précis rapide des evenemens
, 5–6;
Journal de Perlet
4, nos. 245 (24 May 1793) and no. 246 (25 May), 429, 438–39; Dorigny, “Les Girondins,” 572.
66
.  Sewell,
Work and Revolution
, 102–3; Slavin, “Robespierre,” 143–44.
67
.  Sewell,
Work and Revolution
, 105–6.
68
.  Varlet, “Projet,” 56–57; Slavin, “Robespierre,” 146–47.
69
.  Marat,
L’Ami du peuple
233 (4 July 1793), 1; Guillon,
Notre Patience
, 95.
70
.  
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 230 (9 May 1793), 307.
71
.  Hébert,
Père Duchesne
237, 1–2, 7.
72
.  Chabot,
Journal populaire
12 (1793), 305–6.
73
.  BN pamph. Lb 41 2728,
Lettre de Jerôme Pétion
, 8, 15.
74
.  Ibid., 2–4.
75
.  Chabot,
Journal populaire
7 (1793), 25.
76
.  Levasseur,
Mémoires
, 1:211–12, 220; Slavin, “Robespierre,” 144–46.
77
.  
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 230 (9 May 1793), 310.
78
.  Girey-Dupré,
Patriote français
1365 (10 May 1793), 519–20.
79
.  Levasseur,
Mémoires
, 1:271.
80
.  Ibid., 1:257–58;
Journal de Perlet
4, 235 (14 May 1793), 349.
81
.  Doyle,
Oxford History
, 233.
82
.  Slavin,
Making
, 19–21.
83
.  Fauchet,
Journal des Amis
2 (25 May 1793), 103–5.
84
.  Audouin,
Journal universel,
no. 14115 (9 Oct. 1793), 5902; Levasseur,
Mémoires
, 1:216, 1:218, 1:220; Gershoy,
Betrand Barère
, 160–62; Slavin,
French Revolution
, 144–45.
85
.  Carra,
Annales patriotiques,
no. 148 (28 May 1793), 681.
86
.  Ibid.; Slavin, “Robespierre,” 143.
87
.  
Journal de Perlet
4, 249 (28 May 1793), 462; Slavin,
French Revolution
, 145–46; McPhee,
Robespierre
, 154.
88
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 67:168 (24 June 1793);
Journal de Perlet
4, no. 250 (29 May 1793), 470; Levasseur,
Mémoires
, 1:221–22.
89
.  Guillon,
Notre patience
, 157.
90
.  Slavin,
Making
, 76–80, 87–88; Fehér,
Frozen Revolution
, 73–76; Dingli,
Robespierre
, 337–39.
91
.  Mercier,
Paris
, 1:335; Slavin,
French Revolution
, 145; Slavin
Making
, 90–98, 112–13.
92
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 65:653.
93
.  Ibid., 65:646.
94
.  Michelet,
Histoire
, 7:191–92.
95
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 65:646–47.
96
.  Burstin,
Révolution
, 572–73; Slavin,
Making
, 99.
97
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 65:654; Slavin, “Robespierre,” 150; Burstin,
Révolution
, 425–26.
98
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 65:655.
99
.  Ibid., 66:22; Martin,
Violence et révolution
, 168.

100
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 66:7.

101
.  BHP pamph. 957082,
Anecdotes curieuses
, 31; Picqué,
Au peuple
, 374; Roland,
Memoirs
, 30–37.

102
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 65:689.

103
.  Ibid., 65:699–700.

104
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 65:688; Favreau, “Gensonné,” 426; Walton,
Policing Public Opinion
, 219.

105
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 65:706–7; Dard,
Hérault de Sechelles
, 218–21.

106
.  Trousson,
Diderot
, 615; Sonenscher,
Sans-Culottes
, 399–402.

107
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 65:698, 65:706.

108
.  Ibid., 65:708.

109
.  Picqué,
Au peuple
, 374.

110
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 67:170 (24 June 1793).

111
.  Ibid., 80:531 (1Jan. 1794).

112
.  Levasseur,
Mémoires
, 240–41; Friedland,
Political Actors
, 288.

CHAPTER 17

The Summer of 1793: Overturning the Revolution’s Core Values

1
.  Baczko,
Politiques
, 252.
2
.  “Declaration du citoyen Gensonné” (2 June 1793), in
Archives Parlementaires
, 82:680.
3
.  Audouin,
Journal universel
, no.1352 (6 Aug, 1793), 5397–98;
Journal de Perlet
6, no. 317 (4 Aug. 1793), 29.
4
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 66:530–31 (14 June 1793).
5
.  Ibid., 67:129–30 (24 June 1793).
6
.  Ibid., 67:521–23 (26 June 1793).
7
.  Forrest, “Federalism,” 314; Hanson,
Jacobin Republic
, 64–65.
8
.  Salle,
Examen critique
, 391.
9
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 67:535, 67:562 (27 June 1793).
10
.  Hermon-Belot,
L’Abbé Grégoire
, 281.
11
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 66:60, 66:68.
12
.  Ibid., 66:96.
13
.  Ibid., 66:94–96.
14
.  Ibid., 67:523–24 (26 June 1793).
15
.  Ibid., 67:525 (27 June 1793).
16
.  Ibid., 67:528–29 (27 June 1793).
17
.  Ibid., 67:562 (27 June 1793).
18
.  Ibid., 67:513–17 (26 June 1793); Jaume,
Discours
, 121–22.
19
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 67:130–31 (24 June 1793).
20
.  Ibid., 67:131 (24 June 1793); Hanson,
Provincial Politics
, 166,168.
21
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 67:136 (24 June 1793).
22
.  Wallon,
Histoire
, 1:358–59.
23
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 67:136–37 (24 June 1793).
24
.  Louvet,
Mémoires
, 1:103–4; Forrest, “Federalism,” 315–16.
25
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 67:433 (25 June 1793);
Journal de Perlet
6, no. 368 (25 Sept. 1793), 439.
26
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 67:160 (24 June 1793).
27
.  Ibid., 67:159 (24 June 1793).
28
.  Crook,
Toulon
, 126–27, 129–31.
29
.  Edict of the Montpellier
assemblées primaires
, 13 June 1793,
Archives Parlementaires
, 82:679.
30
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 82:682.
31
.  Audouin,
Journal universel,
no. 1351 (5 Aug. 1793), 5389; Serna,
Antontelle, Aristocrate révolutionnaire
, 204–5.
32
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 68:91.
33
.  Ibid., 68:89–91.
34
.  Audouin,
Journal universel
, no. 1351 (5 Aug. 1793), 5390–91.
35
.  Chabot,
Journal populaire
7 (1793), 10–17 and 8 (1793), 308.
36
.  Levasseur,
Mémoires
, 1:314–15; Hampson,
Saint-Just
, 117–21.
37
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 68:75–78.
38
.  Gough,
Newspaper Press
, 98–99; Walton,
Policing Public Opinion
, 109–12, 133–34.
39
.  Gough,
Newspaper Press
, 61, 89, 95; Zizek, “Plume de fer,” 628; Andress,
The Terror
, 179.
40
.  Gough,
Newspaper Press
, 95; Bellanger,
Histoire générale
, 1:507–8.
41
.  Murray,
Right-Wing Press
, 207, 268n.
42
.  Audoin,
Journal universel,
no. 1350 (4 Aug. 1793), 5380; Darlow,
Staging the French Revolution
, 152.
43
.  Prudhomme,
Histoire générale
, 1:xxiii–iv; Baczko, “L’expérience thermidorienne,” 347; Walton,
Policing Public Opinion
, 133–35.
44
.  Open letter of Barbaroux, Caen, 18 June 1793, in
Archives Parlementaires
, 67:468–70.
45
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 82:681.
46
.  “Declaration du citoyen Gensonné” (2 June 1793), in
Archives Parlementaires
, 82:680
47
.  BHP pamph. 602672/2,
La Patrie outragée nous appelle
, 1–2.
48
.  Forrest, “Federalism,” 313.
49
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 68:123; Forrest,
Revolution in Provincial France
, 202–5.
50
.  Ibid., 68:89.
51
.  Ibid., 82:685 (4 Jan. 1794); Johnson,
Midi in Revolution
, 235–36; Dupuy,
La république jacobine
, 121.
52
.  Decree of
comité central
of Hérault, 6 July 1793, in
Archives Parlementaires
, 82:677–78, 681–83; Forrest, “Federalism,” 315.
53
.  “Instruction pour les commmissaires du departement de l’Hérault” (5 July 1793), in
Archives Parlmentaires
, 82:678–79, 681.
54
.  
Archives Parlementaires
, 67:554–58 (27 June 1793).
55
.  Buonarroti,
Conspiration pour l’égalité
, 32–33; Audouin,
Journal universel
, no. 1352 (6 Aug. 1793), 5397–98.
56
.  
Compte de la mission
, 43, 45–46, 68–69.
57
.  Ibid., 64, 66; Forrest,
Revolution in Provincial France
, 209–10.
58
.  Levasseur,
Mémoires
, 1:271–72, 286.
59
.  Chabot,
Journal populaire
7 (1793), 21–26;
Journal de Perlet
4, 276 (25 June 1793), 188.
60
.  BHP pamph. 957082,
Anecdotes curieuses
, 18–19.
61
.  Aulard,
La Société de Jacobins
, 5:327–28 (4 Aug. 1793).
62
.  Ibid., 5:343 (11 Aug. 1793) and 5:373 (23 Aug. 1793).
63
.  Ibid., 5:241; Buonarroti,
Conspiration pour l’égalité
, 34; Woloch, “Contraction,” 311–12.
64
.  Lemny,
Jean-Louis Carra
, 334–35.
65
.  BL Pamphlets 1031 2/3 no. 8,
Réponse de J. L. Carra deputé
, 1–2; Lemny,
Jean-Louis Carra
, 325, 327.

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